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5172 Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. Tejesvi MV, Kini KR, Parkash HS, Ven S, Shetty HS (2007). Genetic diversity and antifungal activity of species of Pestalotiopsis isolated as endophytes from medicinal plants. Fungal Div., 24: 37-54. Temiesak P, Ponpim Y, Harada T (1993). RAPD analysis for varietal identification in Brassica. Kasetsart J. Nat. Sci., 27: 37-42. Wargovich MJ (2000). Anticancer properties of fruits and vegetables. J. Hortic. Sci., 35: 573-575. Welsh J, McClelland M (1990). Finger printing Genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers. Nucleic acid Res., 18: 7213-7218. Williams JK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1990). DNA polymorphism amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acid Res., 18: 6531-6535. Zheng W, Wang LM, Liu L (2008). Genetic variation in the endangered Anisodus tanguticus (Solanaceae), an alpine perennial endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Genetica, 132: 123-129.
African Journal of Microbiology Research Vol. 6(24) pp. 5173-5178, 28 June, 2012 Available online http://www.academicjournals.org/AJMR DOI: 10.5897/AJMR12.647 ISSN 1996-0808 ©2012 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Stenotrophomonas koreensis a novel biosurfactant producer for abatement of heavy metals from the environment Patil S. N. 1 *, Aglave B. A. 2 , Pethkar A. V. 1 and Gaikwad V. B. 1 1 Department of Biotechnology, KTHM College, Nashik-422002 M.S., India. 2 Post Doctoral Scientist, Florida Ag Research - Pacific Ag Group, 13138, Lewis Gallagher Road, Dover, Florida-33527, USA. Accepted 30 May, 2012 The removal of heavy metal contaminants from the environment is one of the potential areas in which the usefulness of biosurfactants has not been thoroughly explored. The molecular nature of biosurfactants offers the possibility of interaction with the metals in solution, aiding in their subsequent removal and/or recovery. In the present research work, a systematic isolation and screening program was undertaken for obtaining biosurfactant-producing bacteria. A total of 129 isolates were screened and three bacterial isolates were selected for high surface tension reducing ability. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas koreensis (Strain DX1 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence NCBI Acc. No. GQ 493998 BankIt 1255714) and Rhodococcus spp isolates were identified by routine microbiological tests, API-32 and 16s rRNA profiling. The surface tension reduction of MS medium for the three isolates was: P. aeruginosa, 62.3 to 31.6 dynes/cm; S. koreensis, 62.4 to 27.8 dynes/cm; in 24 to 30 h for both organisms and Rhodococcus spp, 64.4 to 43.7 dynes/cm in a period of 48 h. The emulsification index for all three isolates was 100% in diesel, petrol, toluene and sunflower oil. The ability of S. koreensis to remove heavy metal ions from solutions was explored. More than 30% of lead and cadmium ions were removed from 200 ppm metal solutions. Key words: Biosurfactant, Stenotrophomonas koreensis, surface tension, heavy metals, lead, cadmium. INTRODUCTION Surfactants are amphipathic molecules consisting of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties that partition preferentially at the interface between fluid phases having different degrees of polarities and hydrogen bonding eg. oil and water or air and water interfaces (Benincasa et al., 2001; Bodour et al., 2003). Synthetic surfactants used to increase contaminant solubility are often toxic, representing an additional source of contamination (Bodour and Miller-Maier, 1998). Microbially produced surface active compounds that is, biosurfactants have similar properties as that of chemical surfactants, but are less toxic, biodegradable and can be produced in situ at *Corresponding author. E-mail: suchetapatil27@gmail.com. the contaminated site (Bonglo, 1998; Bordoloi and Konwar, 2007). These molecules reduce surface tension, critical micelle concentration and interfacial tension in both aqueous solutions and hydrocarbon mixtures (Bosch et al., 1988). Biosurfactants have gained increased attention because of their ability to be produced from cheap raw materials and effectiveness in extreme conditions of temperature, pH and salinity (Cha, 2000; Das and Mukherjee, 2007). The properties of the various biosurfactants have been extensively reviewed (Desai and Banat, 1997; Muthusamy et al., 2008). Most microbial surfactants are complex molecules comprising a wide variety of chemical structures such as glycolipids, lipopeptides, fatty acids, polysaccharideprotein complexes, phospholipids and neutral lipids. Rhamnolipidsproduced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a
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African Journal of Microbiology Res
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Editors Prof. Dr. Stefan Schmidt Ap
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Electronic submission of manuscript
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Fees and Charges: Authors are requi
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nces Table of Contents: Volume 6 Nu
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Table of Contents: Volume 6 Number
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Table 1. Overview of the Soil prope
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exactly. MICROBIAL BIOMASS IN ORGAN
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Table 3. Advantages and disadvantag
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analysis of polymerase chain reacti
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Enzyme assay Triplicate samples of
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Figure 2. Effect of a) incubation t
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Table 2. Plasmid profile. Emerenini
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Table 1. Properties and identity of
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more understandable by the fact tha
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fertilizers considered the most imp
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Table 3. Effect of NPK levels and s
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Table 4. Effect of NPK levels and s
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Table 5. Effect of NPK levels and f
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with mineral NPK on wheat plant. Eg
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to synthetic antibiotics. In spite
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Among these, the K. pneumonia and V
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Figure 5. Pseudomonas aeruginosa An
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pathogens of their environment (She
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cultivable indigenous fishes of Ind
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Page 59 and 60: Table 1. Oxidative stress parameter
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Page 79 and 80: that it produces lactic acid, bacte
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Page 85 and 86: Bacillus colony Fig 1. Colony morph
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Page 91 and 92: Figure 1. The Kinetic of P. aerugin
Page 93 and 94: Figure 3. DNA-dosimeter determined
Page 95 and 96: Relative Fluorescence Unit Figure 4
Page 97 and 98: Conclusion The public health risk i
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Page 105 and 106: Table 1. List of decamers used in R
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Page 127 and 128: protein. DISCUSSION 70 kda 60 kda 5
Page 131 and 132: Percentage repellency (%) Percentag
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Page 135 and 136: Table 1. Primers used for PCR and s
Page 137 and 138: Table 3. Amino acid substitutions i
Page 139 and 140: composition in qnrB alleles. Althou
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Page 147 and 148: Table 1. primer information: sequen
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Table 1. Primer oligonucleotide seq
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Figure 2. Nucleotide and putative a
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Figure 6. Ghrelin expression induce
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Table 1. The SNPs related to the pr
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Figure 2. The phylogenetic trees of
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a c Rex DNA Tang et al. 5235 Figure
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Table 1. Gender and division wise d
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62% were genotype D, A (14%), C (6%
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Swimming time (s) 1000 800 600 400
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Hepatic glycogen (mg/g) Hemoglobin
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Table 2. Sporulation index. Sign In
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Table 4. Conidial size of different
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Table 6. Sporulation of Alternaria
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Table 7. Reaction of different geno
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Table 2. Susceptibility of the clin
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Table 4. Aminoglycoside resistance
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Young, and the Councils on Clinical
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oleaginous microorganisms have been
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Table 2. Actual and predicted value
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Table 4. Analysis of variance (ANOV
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Huang et al. 5273 Figure 3. Respons
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the Central Universities (Grant No.
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Figure 1. Mechanism of enzymatic co
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Enzymatic activity (U/mL) Enzymatic
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prunin so far. By using the HPLC me
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Figure 7. Enzymatic conversion of n
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vaccine, HBs-Ab is negative in all
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