Economic Effects of Sustainable Sanitation - SuSanA

Case Study Kampala
urine produced by one person in Uganda is estimated to be 1 litre per day 63 . The logistics
company is operating 10 hours a day, 30 days per month and employs one operator per
collection point. Each truck is operated by one driver and one tank/load boy and the number
of employees at the storage site is subject to alterations. The labour requirement of the
individual tasks has to be tested and cannot be estimated from this point. However, the
influence of this item to the total costs can be considered as neglectable. The transport costs
are largely influenced by the fuel prices. At the time of data collection (late 2009) the price
for 1 litre of diesel fuel was 0.71 EUR. 0.04 EUR is included in the calculation as incentive
for delivering one jerrycan to the collection point. For purposes of orientation, the price for
the cheapest piece of soap available on the Ugandan market was 0.06 EUR 64 (Mukwano
Industries, Ltd). Upfront investments for the proposed system that were incorporated in the
calculation were:
Collection point tanks
Tank trucks
Storage tanks
Office building
The investments are financed with an interest rate of 6.6% 65 . The investment costs for toilet
facilities have not been included in the calculations 66 . Regarding hidden costs e.g. through
truck breakdowns or fuel price fluctuations, 5% based on the total costs were included in the
calculation. The property costs have not been included as no satisfying offers could be
obtained during the period of data collection. Since the system is providing sanitation services
to slum areas, authorities might be willing to contribute land area for the storage site at
attractive conditions or even free of charge. However, this will be subject to negotiations.
The scenarios small scale I 67 , small scale II 68 and large scale 69 in Table 5 were calculated
based on N demands of 1 200, 1 808 and 11 663 kg per month, respectively. According to
those numbers the urine demand would sum up to 398 182, 599 927 and 3 869 995 l per
month which would have to be supplied by 44 242, 66 659 and 429 999 people, respectively.
A workload indicator has been calculated showing values of 0.664, 1 and 0.992 for the three
63
Based on email communication with Björn Vinneras (2009).
64
Data gathered late 2009.
65
It was assumed that special conditions can be negotiated for this credit (e.g. donor financed soft credits).
Commercial credit rates are higher.
66
The toilet facilities have not been included in the calculations since they are considered to be personal
contributions of the individual residents.
67
Small scale I: The N demand is based on a flower farm where one interview took place. In this case, the
demand is not sufficient to use the system to full capacity.
68
Small scale II: Equal to Small scale I, but working to full capacity, because of a higher N demand.
69
Large scale: The input parameter for this scenario was not the N demand of a fictive farm. Instead, the total
number of people living in slum settlements in Kampala had been used.
59