Project Green District Energy Feasibility Study - Partners in Project ...

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TRCA Pearson Eco-Business Zone District Energy Feasibility Study 10 April 2012 1) Energy Transfer Station(s) (ETS) – transfer thermal energy to customers. 2) Energy Centre(s) (EC), - generate/recover thermal energy and 3) Distribution Piping System (DPS) – transport thermal energy from EC to ETS A DES generally does not include the secondary systems for distributing heating or cooling within buildings. There is usually a demarcation point designated inside each building mechanical room defining the DES pipes and equipment owned by the DES utility as distinct from the secondary systems that are used by the building owners to distribute heat internally throughout their building. A fuller description of the concept of DES and its benefits together with definitions and abbreviations commonly used in the district energy industry is given in Appendix A. 1.4 Purpose of the Feasibility Study This feasibility study was conducted to examine potential opportunities to use District Energy (DE) technology to serve existing thermal sources in the Pearson Eco-Business Zone area and distribute that energy to loads that appear to be financially viable. The study primarily focuses on the generation and distribution of hot water. Generation and distribution of chilled water was investigated and it was determined that the capital required to provide cooling is too high to make it financially viable. This study is directed towards groups (e.g., municipalities, Ontario Power Authority, Enbridge) interested in developing, or assisting in the development of, district energy opportunities. This study seeks to provide sufficient detail that interested parties can decide on an operating structure and issue an expression of interest to seek development partners. 1.5 Scope of the Study One of the priorities identified in the Partners in Project Green Strategy was the development of a DES around Toronto Pearson. The strategy recommended engaging one or all three of the energy generating facilities around Toronto Pearson to determine the feasibility of them providing heating and/or cooling to a district energy system that could feed local buildings. The three facilities are Greater Toronto Airports Authority’s (GTAA) Central Utilities Plant (117 MW), TransAlta Mississauga Cogeneration Plant (108 MW), and the Magellan Aerospace Cogeneration Facility (2.5 MW). Given that the owners or operators of each of these facilities indicated that their plant cannot be relied on to serve as an energy source for the envisioned DES, this feasibility study analyzes a DES business model that is based on construction of a new Energy Centre on a vacant parcel of land on Elmbank Road. It also examines the economic and regulatory conditions that would be necessary to make the GTAA’s facility feasible. Specifically, this feasibility study focuses on answering the following two questions: 1. What is the feasibility of developing a district energy system fed by a new central thermal plant to provide heating to buildings within the vicinity of Toronto Pearson? 2. What are the economic and regulatory conditions that could make running GTAA’s Central Heating Plant economical as a source to provide heat for a district energy system in the vicinity of Toronto Pearson? 7
TRCA Pearson Eco-Business Zone District Energy Feasibility Study 10 April 2012 1.6 Report Organization This report is organized into 9 sections as follows: 1. Introduction 2. Customer Demand 3. Energy Sources 4. Distribution 5. Business-As-Usual Analysis, Financial Analysis and Environmental Analysis 6. Ownership and Operational Structure 7. Risk, Regulatory and Financing Issues 8. Business Model Report 9. Implementation Plan A series of appendices concludes this feasibility study. 2 Customer Demand 2.1 Market Potential for DES and Thermal Load Estimations The DES must be designed to provide enough capacity to meet each building's thermal needs during peak days. If the system is under-designed the customer base would be unsatisfied as peak load requirements wouldn’t be met. If the system is over-designed then the capital costs required would be too high and could affect the economics of the entire project. Therefore, accurate estimating of thermal demand is the first task in any district energy feasibility study. 2.1.1 Previous work by Partners in Project Green Previous work by Partners in Project Green 3 had identified 12,500 businesses in the Pearson Eco-Business Zone. Energy consumption was estimated from building footprint and energy intensity factors for business types published by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), for each address where data were available. It was recognized that this method would underestimate the consumption for multi-storey buildings, not include industrial process energy and not capture all of the buildings (although it did capture 10,374 of them). The total natural gas consumption estimated by this method was compared to 2005 actual consumption data from Enbridge by postal code for approximately the same area. As expected, the Enbridge data was higher in total, specifically by 45%. The estimated natural gas consumption for each address in terms of the range of consumption was illustrated as shown in Figure 1, which is taken from Figure 1 of Appendix H of the Partners in Project Green Strategy. 3 Partners in Project Green Strategy, Section 10 Infrastructure III: Energy, Table 34 8
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