Coal Combustion Waste Management at - DOE - Fossil Energy ...

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TABLE A.1 Areas of Regulatory Control Investigated by State Reviewed a State b Regulatory Designation of CCWs for Disposal Permitting Liners Groundwater Monitoring Leachate- Collection System Alabama X X X X X Florida X X X X X Georgia X X X X X Illinois Indiana Missouri Closure and Post-closure Corrective Action Siting Controls Financial Assurance X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Ohio X X X X X Pennsylvania X X X X X X X X X Texas X X X X X Virginia Wisconsin X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X a “X” indicates that the area of control described by the column heading was reviewed for the named State, while a blank cell indicates that the area of control described in the column heading was not investigated for the named State. All 11 States were reviewed for the 5 areas having greater potential to affect whether releases to groundwater are controlled. b The pilot review covered Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Wisconsin, which are indicated in boldface type. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Missouri, Ohio, and Texas were selected for supplemental reviews in the areas of regulatory control having greater potential to affect whether releases to groundwater are controlled. A-6
TABLE A.2 Summary of Regulatory Designations for CCWs in Selected States State a Alabama Yes. b Expressly Excluded from Definition of Hazardous Waste? Florida Federal exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) is adopted by reference. Nonhazardous solid waste. Georgia Federal exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) is adopted by reference. Nonhazardous industrial waste. Illinois Yes. Regulatory Designation if Disposed of Expressly excluded from the definition of industrial solid waste. Special (non-RCRA) waste c OR Declassified waste d (toxicity determination required). Indiana Federal exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) is adopted by reference. Restricted waste, if disposed of in a monofill e OR Nonhazardous industrial solid waste, if co-disposed of with dissimilar wastes. Missouri Federal exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) is adopted by reference, except that fly ash that is not otherwise exempt from regulation as solid waste and fails the TCLP is not subject to the exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) and must be disposed of in a permitted hazardous waste facility. Ohio Yes. Utility waste. f Pennsylvania Federal exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) is adopted by reference. Residual waste. i Residual waste g OR Expressly excluded from the definition of solid waste if “nontoxic” h (fly ash, bottom ash, and boiler slag only). Texas Federal exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) is adopted by reference. Nonhazardous industrial solid waste. Virginia Federal exclusion in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(4) is adopted by reference. Nonhazardous industrial solid waste. Wisconsin Yes. Footnotes on next page. Nonhazardous industrial solid waste AND High-volume industrial waste (fly ash and bottom ash). A-7
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to
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CONTENTS (Cont.) 3.1.9 Testing for
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TABLES (Cont.) 7 Trends in Construc
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TABLES (Cont.) A.14 Chronological C
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xii
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MCL maximum contaminant level MoDNR
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xvi
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S-2 the National Rural Electric Coo
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S-4 Groundwater-monitoring requirem
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S-6 receives only material that the
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TABLE S-2 Summary Results from Chro
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S-10 − In the area of groundwater
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S-12
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2 Air heater and precipitator wash
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4 wastes, and 17% were bottom ash.
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TABLE 1 (Cont.) State a Total CCWs
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8 The remainder of this report cont
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10 (NRECA) and the American Public
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12 Information collected during the
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14 − Type of variance (e.g., clos
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16 potential duplication with the s
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TABLE 2 (Cont.) ID a Unit Name 18 S
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20 Because new power plants built d
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22 the number of new and expanded u
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24 TABLE 7 Trends in Construction C
Page 56 and 57: 26 TABLE 8 Percentages of Wastes Di
Page 58 and 59: 28 TABLE 9 Numbers and Types of Per
Page 60 and 61: TABLE 11 Liner and Groundwater-Moni
Page 62 and 63: FIGURE 2 Liners in Identified New o
Page 64 and 65: 34 FIGURE 4 Liner Types Reported fo
Page 66 and 67: 36 Constituents monitored. Landfill
Page 68 and 69: 38 impoundments). The analysis does
Page 70 and 71: 40 (Class I) wastes for which no li
Page 72 and 73: 42 States (Alabama, Florida, Georgi
Page 74 and 75: 44 TABLE 20 Solid Waste Permitting
Page 76 and 77: 46 United States in 2004. The one S
Page 78 and 79: 3.2.2 Findings 48 Table 22 summariz
Page 80 and 81: TABLE 22 (Cont.) Category of Regula
Page 82 and 83: 52 the surveyed units was conducted
Page 84 and 85: TABLE 23 Variance Requests and Disp
Page 86 and 87: 56 request, the State regulatory ag
Page 88 and 89: TABLE 26 Variance Requests by Surve
Page 90 and 91: TABLE 27 (Cont.) Variance Request S
Page 92 and 93: 62 variance. However, the State (Vi
Page 94 and 95: TABLE 28 (Cont.) Variance Request S
Page 96 and 97: TABLE 29 Variance Requests by Surve
Page 99 and 100: 69 5 REFERENCES ACAA 2004 American
Page 101 and 102: A-1 APPENDIX A: STATE-SPECIFIC REGU
Page 103 and 104: A.1 APPROACH A-3 APPENDIX A: STATE-
Page 105: A-5 For each State reviewed, an eff
Page 109 and 110: A-9 addition, the regulations in Al
Page 111 and 112: TABLE A.3 Chronological Comparison
Page 113 and 114: A-13 A disposal facility in Indiana
Page 115 and 116: TABLE A.4 Permits Required for CCW
Page 117 and 118: TABLE A.4 (Cont.) a The pilot study
Page 119 and 120: A-19 landfills. Otherwise, surface
Page 121 and 122: TABLE A.5 (Cont.) a “On-site” m
Page 123 and 124: A-23 groundwater and surface water
Page 125 and 126: A-25 discharge), the facility may s
Page 127 and 128: A-27 Wisconsin—Wisconsin designat
Page 129 and 130: TABLE A.6 (Cont.) State a Illinois
Page 131 and 132: TABLE A.6 (Cont.) State a Landfills
Page 133 and 134: TABLE A.6 (Cont.) State a Landfills
Page 135 and 136: TABLE A.7 Chronological Comparison
Page 137 and 138: TABLE A.7 (Cont.) State EPA 1988 EP
Page 139 and 140: A-39 Illinois—In Illinois, landfi
Page 141 and 142: A-41 The design standards for utili
Page 143 and 144: A-43 According to Technical Guideli
Page 145 and 146: TABLE A.13 Summary of Groundwater-M
Page 147 and 148: TABLE A.13 (Cont.) State a Groundwa
Page 149 and 150: A-49 such as a commercial industria
Page 151 and 152: A-51 The Indiana regulations do not
Page 153 and 154: A-53 developed guidance documents,
Page 155 and 156: A-55 groundwater. Table A.15 summar
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TABLE A.15 (Cont.) State Leachate-C
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A-59 TABLE A.16 Chronological Compa
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A-61 quality standards, or otherwis
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A-63 A.7 CLOSURE/POST-CLOSURE REQUI
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TABLE A.17 (Cont.) State Closure/Po
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A-67 Type III restricted waste site
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TABLE A.19 Summary of Corrective Ac
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A-71 the plume (329 IAC 10-29-9). T
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TABLE A.20 Summary of Siting Contro
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A-77 The Virginia regulations speci
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TABLE A.24 Summary of Additional In
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A.12 FINDINGS A-83 Table A.26 summa
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TABLE A.26 (Cont.) States with Chan
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TABLE A.26 (Cont.) Description of C
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A-89 TABLE A.27 Summary of States w
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B-1 APPENDIX B: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR N
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B-3 APPENDIX B: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR N
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Compacted ash Compacted in-situ soi
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7.0 Monitoring B-7 7.1 Is groundwat
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C-1 APPENDIX C: SURVEY RESPONSE RAT
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C-3 APPENDIX C: SURVEY RESPONSE RAT
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C-5 USWAG asked for a response from
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C-7 nonsurveyed units). The capacit
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D-1 APPENDIX D: RECONCILIATION OF U
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TABLE D.1 Reconciliation of Units I
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E-1 APPENDIX E: UNIT COMPLETION DAT
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TABLE E.1 Trends in Unit Completion
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F-1 APPENDIX F: MATERIALS DISPOSED
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TABLE F.1 Materials Disposed of at
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TABLE F.1 (Cont.) Coal Bottom Ash (
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TABLE F.1 (Cont.) Coal Other Unit C
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G-1 APPENDIX G: PERMITS ISSUED FOR
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TABLE G.1 Permits Issued for Survey
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TABLE G.1 (Cont.) Unit ID State Typ
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H-1 APPENDIX H: LINER DATA
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TABLE H.1 Liner Data Unit Is Unit N
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TABLE H.1 (Cont.) Unit Is Unit New
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TABLE H.1 (Cont.) Unit Is Unit New
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I-1 APPENDIX I: GROUNDWATER-MONITOR
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TABLE I.1 Groundwater-Monitoring Da
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TABLE I.1 (Cont.) ID GWM Conducted
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J-1 APPENDIX J: VARIANCE REQUESTS B
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TABLE J.1 Variance Requests by Stat
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K-1 APPENDIX K: VARIANCE REQUEST DE
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TABLE K.1 Variance Request Descript
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TABLE K.1 (Cont.) Variance Variance
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TABLE K.1 (Cont.) ID State Granted
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L-1 APPENDIX L: VARIANCE GRANTING R
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TABLE L.1 Variance Granting Rationa
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TABLE L.1 (Cont.) ID State Variance
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