Coal Combustion Waste Management at - DOE - Fossil Energy ...

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TABLE I.1 (Cont.) ID GWM Conducted Wellsb Unit Type State Constituents Monitored (Comments) Frequency Total In Out Up Down In Area 230 Yes LF PA Quarterly: NH4, bicarbonate, calcium (diss. and total), COD, chloride, fluoride, iron (diss. and total), magnesium (diss. and total), manganese (diss. and total), pH, potassium (diss. and total), sodium (diss. and total), specific conductance, sulfate, total alkalinity, TDS, TOC, turbidity. Annual: additional analyses performed on one of the quarterly samples: arsenic (diss. and total), barium (diss. and total), cadmium (diss. and total), chromium (diss. and total), copper (diss. and total), lead (diss. and total), mercury (diss. and total), selenium (diss. and total), silver (diss. and total), zinc (diss. and total), and an array of organics. 200 Yes LF VA pH, conductivity, TOC, total organic halogens, Table 5.5 (9 VAC 20-80-300) organics, inorganics, and mercury. Comments: All wells monitored for pH, conductivity, TOC, and total organic halides. Currently one well monitored for Table 5.5 organics, inorganics, and mercury. 203 Yes LF VA pH, conductivity, TOC, total organic halogens, Table 5.5 organics, inorganics, and mercury. 241 Yes LF VA Stage I/II−semiannual for Appendix 5.5 inorganics of the VA solid waste regulations, carbon disulfide, and Appendix 5.1 detects. Stage I/II−every 2 years for all Appendix 5.1 constituents. Stage III−semiannual for all Appendix 5.5 constituents. These are available from the VA solid waste regulations. Comments: Nine wells for Stage I/II, eight wells for Stage III. 209 Yes LF WI Odor, COD, boron, color, pH, selenium, turbidity, alkalinity, temperature, hardness, specific conductance, and sulfate. The leachate is also monitored for the constituents as above, along with chloride, cadmium, lead, manganese, mercury, iron, and acid/base neutral extractable compounds. Comments: The landfill has five side-gradient wells in addition to the three upgradient and six downgradient wells. Quarterly 8 8 0 3 5 − Semiannual 14 12 2 3 11 0 Semiannual 11 0 11 3 8 − Semiannual 17 − − 6 11 − Semiannual 14 0 14 3 6 − I-8
TABLE I.1 (Cont.) ID GWM Conducted Wellsb Unit Type State Constituents Monitored (Comments) Frequency Total In Out Up Down In Area 204 Yes LF WV Lead, barium, sodium, TSS, arsenic, chloride, calcium, manganese, TDS, cadmium, chromium, copper, sulfate, pH, selenium, aluminum, iron, magnesium, temperature, boron, conductivity, nickel, vanadium, zinc, and molybdenum. Quarterly 11 0 11 3 8 − 205 Yes LF WV pH, barium, sodium arsenic, TSS, chloride, calcium, manganese cadmium, TDS, chromium, copper, sulfate, selenium, aluminum, iron, magnesium, boron, conductivity, lead, vanadium, and molybdenum. Quarterly 8 0 8 3 5 − 216 Yes SI IL Boron, manganese, pH, sulfate, and TDS. Quarterly 11 0 11 2 9 − 206 Yes SI IL pH, TDS, boron, calcium, hardness, manganese, sulfate, and alkalinity. Monthly 13+ − − 7 6+ − 210 Yes SI IL Boron, sulfates, manganese, magnesium, TDS, and pH. Quarterly 9 2 7 3 4 − 211 Yes SI IL Boron, sulfates, manganese, magnesium, TDS, and pH. Quarterly 9 2 7 3 4 − 212 Yes SI IL Boron and pH. Quarterly 14 6 8 4 4 − 213 Yes SI IL Boron and pH. Quarterly 14 6 8 4 4 − 215 Yes SI IL Boron, manganese, pH, sulfate, and TDS. Quarterly 11 0 11 2 9 − 214 Yes SI IL Boron, manganese, sulfate, TDS, and pH. Quarterly 5 0 5 1 4 − 235 Yes SI MN Alkalinity (total), arsenic (diss.), boron (diss.), cadmium (diss.), calcium (diss.), chloride (total), chromium (total), iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, nitrate (as nitrogen), pH, specific conductance, temperature, zinc, diss. oxygen, Eh (oxidation potential), static water level, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium VI, copper, iron (diss.), manganese (diss.), potassium (diss.), selenium (diss.), sodium (diss.), sulfate (total), TDS, and TSS. Comments: Additional well was to be added in 2005 to expand coverage area. Quarterly 17 17 0 2 15 − 252 Yes SI ND pH, conductivity, TDS, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate/nitrite, chlorine, sulfate, bicarbonate and carbonate, fluoride, arsenic, boron, barium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, selenium, silver, and sodium. Quarterly 10 9 1 1 8 1 I-9
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to
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CONTENTS (Cont.) 3.1.9 Testing for
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TABLES (Cont.) 7 Trends in Construc
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TABLES (Cont.) A.14 Chronological C
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xii
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MCL maximum contaminant level MoDNR
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xvi
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S-2 the National Rural Electric Coo
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S-4 Groundwater-monitoring requirem
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S-6 receives only material that the
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TABLE S-2 Summary Results from Chro
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S-10 − In the area of groundwater
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S-12
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2 Air heater and precipitator wash
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4 wastes, and 17% were bottom ash.
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TABLE 1 (Cont.) State a Total CCWs
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8 The remainder of this report cont
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10 (NRECA) and the American Public
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12 Information collected during the
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14 − Type of variance (e.g., clos
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16 potential duplication with the s
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TABLE 2 (Cont.) ID a Unit Name 18 S
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20 Because new power plants built d
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22 the number of new and expanded u
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24 TABLE 7 Trends in Construction C
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26 TABLE 8 Percentages of Wastes Di
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28 TABLE 9 Numbers and Types of Per
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TABLE 11 Liner and Groundwater-Moni
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FIGURE 2 Liners in Identified New o
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34 FIGURE 4 Liner Types Reported fo
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36 Constituents monitored. Landfill
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38 impoundments). The analysis does
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40 (Class I) wastes for which no li
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42 States (Alabama, Florida, Georgi
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44 TABLE 20 Solid Waste Permitting
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46 United States in 2004. The one S
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3.2.2 Findings 48 Table 22 summariz
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TABLE 22 (Cont.) Category of Regula
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52 the surveyed units was conducted
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TABLE 23 Variance Requests and Disp
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56 request, the State regulatory ag
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TABLE 26 Variance Requests by Surve
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TABLE 27 (Cont.) Variance Request S
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62 variance. However, the State (Vi
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TABLE 28 (Cont.) Variance Request S
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TABLE 29 Variance Requests by Surve
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69 5 REFERENCES ACAA 2004 American
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A-1 APPENDIX A: STATE-SPECIFIC REGU
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A.1 APPROACH A-3 APPENDIX A: STATE-
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A-5 For each State reviewed, an eff
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TABLE A.2 Summary of Regulatory Des
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A-9 addition, the regulations in Al
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TABLE A.3 Chronological Comparison
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A-13 A disposal facility in Indiana
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TABLE A.4 Permits Required for CCW
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TABLE A.4 (Cont.) a The pilot study
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A-19 landfills. Otherwise, surface
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TABLE A.5 (Cont.) a “On-site” m
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A-23 groundwater and surface water
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A-25 discharge), the facility may s
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A-27 Wisconsin—Wisconsin designat
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TABLE A.6 (Cont.) State a Illinois
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TABLE A.6 (Cont.) State a Landfills
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TABLE A.6 (Cont.) State a Landfills
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TABLE A.7 Chronological Comparison
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TABLE A.7 (Cont.) State EPA 1988 EP
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A-39 Illinois—In Illinois, landfi
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A-41 The design standards for utili
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A-43 According to Technical Guideli
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TABLE A.13 Summary of Groundwater-M
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TABLE A.13 (Cont.) State a Groundwa
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A-49 such as a commercial industria
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A-51 The Indiana regulations do not
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A-53 developed guidance documents,
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A-55 groundwater. Table A.15 summar
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TABLE A.15 (Cont.) State Leachate-C
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A-59 TABLE A.16 Chronological Compa
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A-61 quality standards, or otherwis
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A-63 A.7 CLOSURE/POST-CLOSURE REQUI
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TABLE A.17 (Cont.) State Closure/Po
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A-67 Type III restricted waste site
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TABLE A.19 Summary of Corrective Ac
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A-71 the plume (329 IAC 10-29-9). T
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TABLE A.20 Summary of Siting Contro
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A-77 The Virginia regulations speci
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TABLE A.24 Summary of Additional In
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A.12 FINDINGS A-83 Table A.26 summa
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TABLE A.26 (Cont.) States with Chan
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TABLE A.26 (Cont.) Description of C
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A-89 TABLE A.27 Summary of States w
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B-1 APPENDIX B: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR N
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Page 195 and 196: Compacted ash Compacted in-situ soi
Page 197 and 198: 7.0 Monitoring B-7 7.1 Is groundwat
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Page 201 and 202: C-3 APPENDIX C: SURVEY RESPONSE RAT
Page 203 and 204: C-5 USWAG asked for a response from
Page 205 and 206: C-7 nonsurveyed units). The capacit
Page 207 and 208: D-1 APPENDIX D: RECONCILIATION OF U
Page 209 and 210: TABLE D.1 Reconciliation of Units I
Page 211 and 212: E-1 APPENDIX E: UNIT COMPLETION DAT
Page 213 and 214: TABLE E.1 Trends in Unit Completion
Page 215 and 216: F-1 APPENDIX F: MATERIALS DISPOSED
Page 217 and 218: TABLE F.1 Materials Disposed of at
Page 219 and 220: TABLE F.1 (Cont.) Coal Bottom Ash (
Page 221 and 222: TABLE F.1 (Cont.) Coal Other Unit C
Page 223 and 224: G-1 APPENDIX G: PERMITS ISSUED FOR
Page 225 and 226: TABLE G.1 Permits Issued for Survey
Page 227 and 228: TABLE G.1 (Cont.) Unit ID State Typ
Page 229 and 230: H-1 APPENDIX H: LINER DATA
Page 231 and 232: TABLE H.1 Liner Data Unit Is Unit N
Page 233 and 234: TABLE H.1 (Cont.) Unit Is Unit New
Page 235 and 236: TABLE H.1 (Cont.) Unit Is Unit New
Page 237 and 238: I-1 APPENDIX I: GROUNDWATER-MONITOR
Page 239 and 240: TABLE I.1 Groundwater-Monitoring Da
Page 241 and 242: TABLE I.1 (Cont.) ID GWM Conducted
Page 243: TABLE I.1 (Cont.) ID GWM Conducted
Page 247 and 248: J-1 APPENDIX J: VARIANCE REQUESTS B
Page 249 and 250: TABLE J.1 Variance Requests by Stat
Page 251 and 252: K-1 APPENDIX K: VARIANCE REQUEST DE
Page 253 and 254: TABLE K.1 Variance Request Descript
Page 255 and 256: TABLE K.1 (Cont.) Variance Variance
Page 263 and 264: TABLE K.1 (Cont.) ID State Granted
Page 265 and 266: L-1 APPENDIX L: VARIANCE GRANTING R
Page 267 and 268: TABLE L.1 Variance Granting Rationa
Page 269 and 270: TABLE L.1 (Cont.) ID State Variance
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