qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
qarTuli folklori - Reso Kiknadze
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mas saqme aqvs variantTan, romelic atarebs mTqmelisa da adgilis<br />
Taviseburebebs, rom araferi vTqvaT dialeqtur individualobaze.<br />
amrigad, pasporti folkloruli Canaweris aucilebeli Tanmxlebia.<br />
es aris anonimuri xalxuri nawarmoebis vinaobis ganmsazRvreli. mis<br />
gareSe Canaweri, Tunda genialuri teqstisa, Zalze naklulia. es aris<br />
fokloris Sekrebis wesi, romelic XIX saukuneSi Camoyalibda evropaSi<br />
da saqarTvelmdec movida. Tumca mas erTaderTi adepti hyavda petre<br />
umikaSvilis (1839-1904) saxiT, romelsac ekuTvnis am mxriv yvelaze<br />
Rirebuli folkloruli Canawerebi; misive Sedgenilia `programma<br />
xalxis sityvierebis nawarmoebis SekrebisaTvis~ (Tbilisi, 1882). Caweris<br />
wesebis pirvelsave punqtad aq vkiTxulobT:<br />
`yvelaferi unda daiweros swored ise, rogorc xalxi ambobs.<br />
damwerma (Camwerma, z.k.) Tavis tavs neba ar unda misces<br />
mcireodenis cvlilebis moxdenisaca. adgilobrivi gamoTqma,<br />
sityvebi, sityvebis dalageba frazebSi, frazebis<br />
erTmaneTTan damokidebuleba, _ yvelaferi sastikad<br />
unda daicvas damwerma; is adgilebic ki ar unda Sescvalos,<br />
romelic uzrod eCveneba. yuradReba unda mieqces metadre<br />
prozad sawersa, rom xalxis enis kilo da frazebis SekavSireba<br />
namdvili darCes...~<br />
meore da mesame punqtebSi vkiTxulobT:<br />
`zogierTi leqsi an zRapari anu sxva nTqvami xalxSi<br />
sxva da sxva cvlilebiT aris an sul mTlad, an zogi adgilebi<br />
da striqonebi, an ravdenime sityva. Zalian saWiroa, rom damweri<br />
marto erTs redaqcias ar dasjerdes, aramed yoveli gansxvavebac<br />
aRniSnos sxolioebsi, rom zogSi esa da es cvlilebaao. da Tu<br />
srulad bevri hasxvaveba, mTlad daiweros. es cvlilebis dawera<br />
imitom aris saWiro, rom xSirad mrTels dids leqsSi anu zRaparSi<br />
oriode sami sityva, sxva cvlilebiY xmarebuli, mrTelis Txzulebis<br />
fersa cvlis da zogjer Zvirfass ganZs Seadgens.~<br />
`zogs leqss an sxva naTqvams mTqmelni axsnas ukeTeben. es<br />
axsnac unda aRniSnos sxolioSi moxsenebiT, rom Tqmelis<br />
axsnaa. ra adgilic, anu romelime azri an sityva damwers<br />
ar esmis, hkiTxos glexs da, Tu man axsna misca, saWiroa amisi<br />
dawerac~.<br />
petre umikaSvilis mdidar folklorul CanawerebSi es wesi ganuxrelad<br />
aris daculi [umikaSvili:1937; umikaSvili:1964]. samwuxaroa, rom<br />
erTaderTi umikaSvili iyo, esoden did yuradRebas aqcevda<br />
folkloruli teqstis pasportis Sedgenas, rac sruliad<br />
ugulebelyofilia sxvata CanawerebSi. genialur vaJa-fSavelas bevri<br />
xalxuri leqsebi moyavs Tavis narkvevebSi, magram arsad ar uTiTebs arc<br />
mTqmelis vinaobas, arc Caweris adgils da wels. arada, bevri maTgani<br />
pirvelad mis mier aris gamoqveynebuli. aseve iTqmis ilia WavWavaZis da<br />
sxvaTa Canawerebis Sesaxeb. dResdReobiT fokloristebi savele muSaobis<br />
dros mxolod am principebiT xelmZRvaneloben.<br />
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