samxedro saqme Zvel aRmosavleTSi
samxedro saqme Zvel aRmosavleTSi
samxedro saqme Zvel aRmosavleTSi
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TiTqmis mTeli mesopotamia igdes xelT. miuxedavad im garemoebisa, rom<br />
am droisaTvis ukve adgili hqonda Sumeruli da aqaduri kulturebis<br />
sinTezs, mainc Sumeruli enis administraciuli uflebebi aRdgenili<br />
iqna. SumerTa mmarTvelobis periodi, Zv. w. II aTaswleulis dasawyisSi,<br />
dasavleTidan semituri tomebis axali nakadis, amoreelebis SemoseviT<br />
damTavrda, rasac Tan aRmosavleTidan elamelebis SemoWra daerTo.<br />
sayuradReboa, rom axalma mosaxleobam SeinarCuna da kidev ufro<br />
ganaviTara Sumerul-aqaduri memkvidreoba. amoreelebma babiloni gaixades<br />
dedaqalaqad, sadac jer kidev sargon aqadels hqonia taZari agebuli da<br />
amis Semdeg isini ukve babilonelebis saxeliT Canan istoriis<br />
furclebze, xolo babiloni TiTqmis ori aTasi wlis ganmavlobaSi kidev<br />
inarCunebda axloaRmosavleTis kulturuli da savaWro centris<br />
funqcias.<br />
babilonis mefe hamurabma (Zv. w. XVIII s.) mesopotamia TiTqmis<br />
mTlianad gaaerTiana da am vrceli regionis marTvisaTvis Camoayaliba<br />
daxvewili administraciuli sistema. misi udidesi miRweva, ra Tqma unda,<br />
kanonTa kodeqsis Seqmna iyo (ix. zemoT). hamurabis memkvidreTa xelSi<br />
babiloneTi sul ufro dakninda, xolo Zv. w. XVI s. dasawyisidan<br />
xeTebis dasavleTidan, xuritebis * CrdiloeTidan da kasitebis<br />
aRmosavleTidan Semosevebis Sedegad am axali Zalebis mier iqna<br />
faqtobrivad dayofili.<br />
sargon aqadelma mesopotamiaSi semituri modgmis xalxebis TiTqmis<br />
2000 wlovan batonobas daudo saTave. aqadelebisa da amoreelbabilonelebis<br />
garda, mesopotamiis CrdiloeT nawilSi hqondaT kera<br />
asurelebs, romelTac daarses <strong>Zvel</strong>asuruli (Zv. w. II aTaswleulis<br />
pirveli naxevari), Suaasuruli (Zv. w. II aTaswleulis meore naxevari)<br />
da axalasuruli (Zv. 911-612 w.w.) samefoebi.<br />
egvipte. egviptis adreuli xanis istoria mowmobs jaris did mniSvnelobas<br />
winadinastiuri egviptis ori samefos erT samefod gaerTianebamde.<br />
imdroindel gamosaxulebebze vxedavT alyaSemortymul cixe-simagreTa<br />
galavnebs, anda omis Sedegad mopovebul nadavls. mdinare nilosis<br />
garSemo egviptelebma, Tavdapirvelad, calkeuli mcire samefoebi Seqmnes,<br />
romlebic droTa msvlelobaSi erT samefod gaerTiandnen. md. nilosi<br />
egviptelTaTvis siuxvisa da keTildReobis pirvelwyaros warmoadgenda.<br />
mdinaris regularuli adideba niadags arnaxulad anayofierebda.<br />
CrdiloeTis Zlieri da TiTqmis mudmivi qari aadvilebda mdinaris aRma<br />
curvas, rac Zalze aiolebda qveynis sxvadasxva nawils Soris<br />
komunikaciebs. misi dineba da CanCqerebi, amave dros, samxreTidan mtris<br />
SemoWras arTulebda. CrdiloeTidan egvipte xmelTaSua zRviT,<br />
aRmosavleTidan wiTeli zRviTa da sinas udabnoTi, xolo dasavleTidan<br />
udabnoebis saSualebiT iyo sxvaTagan daculi.<br />
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