samxedro saqme Zvel aRmosavleTSi
samxedro saqme Zvel aRmosavleTSi
samxedro saqme Zvel aRmosavleTSi
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xeTebis warmatebis erT-erT mizezad, maT mier rkinis warmoebaze<br />
monopolia saxeldeba. metalurgiis ganviTarebaSi rkinis warmoebis<br />
dawyeba Zalze mniSvnelovani etapi iyo. rkina erT-erTi yvelaze ufro<br />
farTod gavrcelebuli liTonia dedamiwis zurgze, magram, amave dros,<br />
Zalze Znelad dasamuSavebeli. rkinis dnobis wertili bevrad ufro<br />
maRalia imasTan SedarebiT, ris SesaZleblobasac primitiuli qura<br />
iZleoda. madnidan minarevebis mosacileblad saWiro iyo misi araerTgzis<br />
gacxeleba da Wedva. Zv. w. II aTaswleulamdel arqeologiur masalebSi<br />
mxolod iSviaTad Tu aris mikvleuli rkinis sagnebi: mZivebi, beWdebi,<br />
satevris pirebi. Zv. w. II aTaswleulis Sua xanebSi ki, rkinis damuSaveba<br />
ukve Cveulebriv xasiaTs iRebs. Tu ra didi mniSvneloba eniWeboda<br />
rkinas, cxadi xdeba xaTusili III-is werilidan asureTis mefisadmi,<br />
romelsac man saCuqrad rkinis satevris piri gaugzavna.<br />
xeTuri armiis ZiriTad <strong>samxedro</strong> Zalas (sxva <strong>Zvel</strong>i aRmosavleTis<br />
qveynebis msgavsad) sabrZolo etlebis korpusi warmoadgenda. xeTebi<br />
ganTqmuli meetlebi iyvnen. maT gamoigones etlis axali konstruqcia,<br />
romelic ori mebrZolis nacvlad sams itevda (il. 3). erTi maTgani<br />
meetle iyo, meores Semtevi iaraRi (Subi da mSvild-isari) epyra xelT,<br />
xolo mesame, faris saSualebiT icavda maT da sakuTar Tavsac. samive<br />
maTgani Cacmuli iyo muxlis qvemoT daSvebul tyavis tansacmelSi da<br />
Tavze muzaradi exura. abjari, rogorc SemorCenili gamosaxulebebidan<br />
Cans, ar unda hqonodaT.<br />
etliT mebrZoli xeTis Tavdasxmis iaraRi saZgerebeli Subi iyo da<br />
ara, egviptelTa msgavsad, mSvild-isari. kadeSis brZolis egviptur<br />
gamosaxulebebze zogierT etliT mebrZol xeTs xelT Subi upyria,<br />
magram arasodes mSvildi. aRsaniSnavia, rom kadeSis brZola etlebiT<br />
brZolis yvelaze did asparezad iTvleba msoflioSi (ix. qvemoT).<br />
etlebiT brZolis Taobaze u<strong>Zvel</strong>esi miniSneba, SesaZloa, Zv. w.<br />
XVIII saukuniT daTariRebul aniTas <strong>Zvel</strong> xeTur teqstSia mocemuli,<br />
sadac naxsenebia mis mier salativaras (qalaqi anatoliaSi) alyis dros<br />
gamoyenebul 1400 qveiT jariskacze da 40 Sebma cxenze. Tumca, pirveli<br />
udavo dadastureba brZolis dros etlebis gamoyenebis Taobaze<br />
ganekuTvneba xaTusili I-is xanas anu gviandel Zv. w. XVII saukunes.<br />
ufro gviandeli xaniT, Zv. w. XV saukunis dasasruliT, TariRdeba<br />
xaTusasas arqivSi napovni, kikuli miTanelis * mier dawerili, etlis<br />
cxenebis movlisa da wvrTnis saxelmZRvanelo. teqsti xeTurad aris<br />
dawerili, Tumca masSi calkeuli indo-ariuli * , xurituli da luviuri *<br />
sityvebis arsebobac dasturdeba.<br />
brZolebis dros xeTebis qveiTi jari, rogorc Cans, damxmare<br />
funqcias asrulebda. mis jariskacebs mogrZo, maRali muzaradebi exuraT<br />
da ZiriTadad, sabrZolo culiT, maxviliTa da xelgasayreli fariT<br />
iyvnen aRWurvilni.<br />
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