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N.V. Kolari MENADŽMENT U SAOBRAAJU TEORIJE I MODELI UPRAVLJANJA SAOBRAAJNIM SISTEMOM I PREDUZEIMA saobraajnu delatnost (i ostale tehnike delatnosti); i funkcionalne sektore poslova. Kod svih saobraajnih preduzea zajednika je saobraajna delatnost, a razliita je sistematizacija ostalih tehnikih delatnosti. Razlike u sistematizaciji svih ovih funkcija po vertikalnoj i horizontalnoj liniji javljaju se u zavisnosti od društvenih odnosa prema kojima se ve diferenciraju razliiti sistemi upravljanja saobraajnim preduzeima. S obzirom na prevagu privatne (i mešovite) svojine, koja u današnje vreme globalno karakteriše svojinske odnose u privredi, svrsishodno je nainiti krai osvrt na sisteme upravljanja privatnokapitalistikim i državno-kapitalistikim preduzeima. 2.2. SISTEM UPRAVLJANJA PRIVATNIM PREDUZEEM U kapitalistikom društvenom sistemu postoje privatna preduzea u svim saobraajnim granama. Pravo svojine nad sredstvima za proizvodnju i nad kapitalom koji ulaže vlasnik daje mu pravo i da upravlja preduzeem, odnosno da vrši funkcije upravljanja i rukovoenja. Meutim, najvei broj saobraajnih preduzea u savremenom saobraaju ine društva s ogranienom odgovornošu, akcionarska društva ili velike udružene kompanije. Stoga, ovim „društvima“ i velikim udruženim kompanijama upravljaju skupštine akcionara, upravni odbori, saveti direktora ili generalni direktori, s daljom podelom funkcija na direktore preduzea i direktore sektora – ve prema unutrašnjoj organizacionoj strukturi svakog pojedinanog preduzea – na koje se dalje prenose funkcije upravljanja iz oblasti tekue poslovne politike. 168 186
N.V. Kolari MENADŽMENT U SAOBRAAJU TEORIJE I MODELI UPRAVLJANJA SAOBRAAJNIM SISTEMOM I PREDUZEIMA SKUPŠTINA AKCIONARA UPRAVNI ODBOR GENERALNI DIREKTOR DIREKTORI SEKTORA ŠEFOVI IZVRŠNIH JEDINICA GRUPE I POJEDINANI IZVRŠIOCI 2.3. SISTEM UPRAVLJANJA DRŽAVNIM PREDUZEEM U železnikom saobraaju (takoe u PTT delatnosti) i brodarstvu (naroito renom) rasprostranjena su preduzea u potpunom ili veinskom državnom vlasništvu. U relativno malom broju zemalja postoje još i privatne železnice, a najviše ih ima u Švajcarskoj. Država upravlja železnicom i ostalim infrastrukturnim preduzeima preko ministarstva saobraaja i generalnih direktora saobraajnih preduzea koja se nalaze u vlasništvu države. Modeli 169 187
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knjiga-mendžment u saobraćaju - Visoka turistička škola

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