MCWP 3-16.1 Artillery Operations.pdf - Marine Corps Community ...

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Artillery Operations _____________________________________________________________________________________________ xiii Section II The Marine Corps Planning Process as it Applies to the Artillery Fire Plan General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Mission Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Analyze Higher Headquarter’s Order. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Conduct the Initial Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace . . . . 10-4 Determine Specified, Implied, and Essential Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Review Available Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Determine Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5 Identify Critical Facts and Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5 Determine Initial Commander’s Critical Information Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6 Determine the Initial Reconnaissance Annex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7 Plan Use of Available Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7 Write the Restated Mission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7 Conduct a Mission Analysis Brief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8 Develop the Initial Commander’s Intent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9 Issue the Commander’s Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10 Issue a Warning Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10 Review Facts and Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11 Course of Action Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12 Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12 Array Friendly Forces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 Assess Relative Combat Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 Refine Center of Gravity Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 Develop Initial Courses of Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 Course of Action Graphic and Narrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 Course of Action Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13 Prepare Course of Action Briefing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14 Select/Modify Courses of Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14 Course of Action Wargaming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14 Step 1: Consider the Commander’s Wargaming Guidance and Evaluation Criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15 Step 2: Gather the Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15 Step 3: List Friendly Force List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16 Step 4: List Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16 Step 5: List and Graphically Display Known Critical Events and Decision Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17 Step 6: Select the War Game Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17 Step 7: Select Method to Record and Display Results . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17 Step 8: Wargame the Battle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17 Step 9: Refine Staff Estimates and Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17 Step 10: Prepare Course of Action War Game Brief . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
xiv ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 3-16.1 Course of Action Comparison and Decision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19 Course of Action Evaluation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19 Course of Action Comparison. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19 Commander’s Decision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20 Prepare Concept of Artillery Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20 Issue the Warning Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20 Orders Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21 Preparation of the Order or Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22 Order Reconciliation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 Orders Crosswalk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 Commander’s Approval of Order or Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 Transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 Orders Brief. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 Rehearsals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24 Section III Artillery and the Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace Process General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25 Pre-Battle Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26 Threat Maneuver Force Doctrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26 Threat Artillery Doctrine and Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26 Threat Air Defense Artillery Doctrine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26 Terrain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26 Elevations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26 Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26 Soil Composition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27 Mobility Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27 Intervisibility Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27 Avenues of Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27 Key and Decisive Terrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29 Position Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29 The Modified Combined Obstacle Overlay and Course of Action Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30 Situation Templating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30 Threat Artillery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30 Threat Maneuver Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31 Threat Avenues of Approach and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31 Threat Chemical Strikes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31 Rear Area Threats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31 Integrating the Situation Template into Course of Action Development and Wargaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32 Event Templating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32 Decision Support Template. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-33 Section IV Sample Artillery Fire Plan Tab B (Artillery Fire Plan) to APPENDIX 19 (Fire Support) to ANNEX C (Operations) to Operation Order (Number) (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
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Background CHAPTER 9 ARTILLERY TACT
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CHAPTER 10 DEVELOPING THE ARTILLERY
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