MCWP 3-16.1 Artillery Operations.pdf - Marine Corps Community ...

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1-4 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ MCWP 3-16.1 battalion, to a supported unit or to another artillery unit. All Marine cannon battalions can perform any of the four tactical missions: direct support (DS), reinforcing (R), general support (GS), and general support-reinforcing (GS-R). An artillery unit assigned a tactical mission remains under the command of the higher artillery commander. Inherent responsibilities for each type of tactical mission help provide clear, concise instructions to a supporting artillery unit. See figure 1-1. Direct Support The DS mission requires a unit to furnish close and continuous fires to a single supported unit, normally a regiment or separate maneuver battalion. The artillery unit commander with a DS Arty Unit with Tactical Mission of... DIRECT SUPPORT Answers Calls for Fire in Priority From... 1. Supported unit. 2. Own observers. 3. Higher artillery headquarters. REINFORCING 1. Reinforced unit. 2. Own observers. 3. Higher artillery headquarters. GENERAL SUPPORT GENERAL SUPPORT- REINFORCING Higher artillery headquarters. 1. Higher artillery headquarters. 2. Reinforced unit. 3. Own observers. Has As Its Zone of Fire... Zone of supported unit. Zone of fire of reinforced unit. Zone of supported unit. Zone of supported unit to include zone of fire of reinforced unit. Furnishes Forward Observers... To each company-sized maneuver element of supported unit. mission will position his firing units to deliver fires in the zone of action/sector of the supported unit, plan fires, and maintain continuous communications with the liaison team and forward observer (FO) teams located with the supported unit. He is responsible for immediate replacements for casualty losses of the liaison section. The fires of a DS unit can be requested for other purposes. However, if these fires conflict with the delivery of fires to the supported unit, the supported unit will have priority. Normally, one artillery battalion is considered minimum adequate support for an infantry regiment. Calls for fire are answered in two methods based on the needs of the supported unit: autonomous and centralized. Establishes Liaison With... Supported unit (down to battalion level). No requirement. Reinforced unit. No inherent responsibility. No inherent responsibility. No requirement. Reinforced unit. Establishes Comm With... Supported unit. Reinforced unit. No inherent responsibility. Reinforced unit. Is Positioned By... Unit commander as deemed necessary or ordered by higher artillery headquarters. Reinforced unit or ordered by higher artillery headquarters. Higher artillery headquarters. Higher artillery headquarters or reinforced unit subject to prior approval by higher artillery headquarters. Figure 1-1. Tactical Missions (Inherent Responsibilities). Has Its Fires Planned By... Develops own fire plan. Reinforced unit. Higher artillery headquarters. Higher artillery headquarters.
Artillery Operations _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 Autonomous Each firing battery may have its own conduct of fire (COF) net, and each net is monitored by the battalion fire direction center (FDC). Centralized The battalion FDC may establish multiple COF nets, with firing batteries directed to respond to calls for fire received on a designated net and to fire missions assigned by the battalion FDC. Reinforcing An R mission requires a unit to respond directly to requests for fire from another artillery unit. This mission is used to reinforce the fires of a unit with a DS mission. More than one reinforcing unit can reinforce a DS unit; however, a reinforcing unit can only reinforce one DS unit at a time. Reinforcing artillery receives its zone of fire and fire missions from the reinforced DS unit. The reinforcing unit commander positions his firing units in the position areas (PAs) identified by the reinforced unit or as ordered by higher artillery headquarters. General Support The GS mission requires a unit to support the force as a whole and be prepared to support any subordinate element. The higher artillery headquarters controls the fires of a unit in GS. The zone of fire may be the zone of action/sector of the force as a whole or a specific portion. GS units provide the GCE immediately available firepower to influence the battle or to allocate to subordinate commands to influence widely separated actions. General Support-Reinforcing The GS-R mission has distinct and separate parts. An artillery unit with this mission will conduct operations in a GS role and support the force as a whole; or the artillery unit will take on the reinforcing role and answer calls for fire from a designated artillery unit in DS. The GS tactical mission takes priority over the reinforcing mission. To increase responsiveness, a designated net (quick-fire channel) may be established between the GS-R unit and the reinforced DS unit. This tactical mission is considered the most flexible standard tactical mission. Nonstandard Tactical Missions When fire support requirements cannot be met or conveyed by one of the standard tactical missions, a nonstandard tactical mission may be assigned. A nonstandard mission changes or limits one or more of the inherent responsibilities of a standard tactical mission. The stipulations should not degrade the ability of a unit to accomplish the other inherent responsibilities of the standard mission. The DS mission should not be modified. The following is an example of a nonstandard tactical mission: 1st Bn, 10th Mar (155, T):GS, 2d PCFF LAR Bn until 031600 AUG First battalion (Bn) is GS to the division and will fire missions to support the division commanding general (CG) first, but second priority in calls for fire (PCFF) is to light armored reconnaissance battalion (LAR Bn). Positioning and communications of the battalion are initially established to support LAR Bn as the main effort. On-Order The on-order (O/O) mission serves as a warning order to alert a unit of an anticipated change to its tactical mission. This allows artillery commanders to plan and initiate the preparation for transition to the new mission. Assignment of an O/O
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Background CHAPTER 9 ARTILLERY TACT
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CHAPTER 10 DEVELOPING THE ARTILLERY
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APPENDIX D REPORTS Title: Fire Capa
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APPENDIX E LOGISTICS PLANNING DATA
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General Heliborne artillery raids r
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