A Natural Areas Inventory of the - Kansas Natural Heritage Inventory ...

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attlesnake specimen collected near the Missouri River along Sherman Avenue between Meade and Reynolds Avenues (date unknown). Simon and Dorlac (1990) listed the species as occurring on the installation. This rattlesnake was not observed by Freeman et al. (1997). Available Habitat and Surveys. Timber rattlesnakes typically occur in open woodlands with rock outcrops. Suitable habitat is found in upland forest and woodlands at FLMR, but suitable rock substrates are limited. Searches were conducted for timber rattlesnakes on forested uplands, especially where rock outcrops were present (Appendix E). No animals were found on FLMR by KBS personnel, but a large road-killed male was collected 16 September 2003 on US 73 at the west entrance to the post. Another road-killed specimen was observed in June 2003 on KS 92 near Sunset Memorial Gardens which is 4 km (2.5 mi) southwest of FLMR. Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. Records indicate that the timber rattlesnake is present in low densities. Habitat fragmentation and human activity probably preclude healthy timber rattlesnake populations. This snake grows slowly, has a low reproductive rate, and suffers from human persecution. It tends to disappear as development pressure increases. Recommendations. Stands of White oak-Shagbark hickory Forest on FLMR should be maintained. Habitat fragmentation should be avoided if timber rattlesnake populations are to be maintained. This species is sensitive to human disturbance. Whip-poor-will: Caprimulgus vociferus (Wilson) Past Records. The whip-poor-will is a locally common transient and summer resident in eastern Kansas (Thompson and Ely 1989). Brumwell (1951) reported it was common on the installation during the summer. Freeman et al. (1997) observed the species in upland forests on the installation. Available Habitat and Surveys. Whip-poor-wills are ground-nesting birds of upland forests and woodlands. Suitable habitat is present on wooded slopes on FLMR. This species was observed in May 2002 along Sheridan Drive. Systematic surveys for this species were not conducted. Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. Suitable habitat exists, and the species was confirmed on FLMR during this study. Whip-poor-wills appear to be common breeders on upland slopes in the larger tracts of forest. Recommendations. Stands of White oak-Shagbark hickory Forest should be maintained. This species is vulnerable to high levels of predation along forest edges and in proximity to human development because of its ground-nesting habit. Activities promoting forest fragmentation should be avoided. Yellow-throated warbler: Dendroica dominica (Linneaus) Past Records. The yellow-throated warbler is a rare migrant and local breeder in eastern Kansas (Thompson and Ely 1992), where it is at the extreme northwest edge of its breeding range. NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF FT. LEAVENWORTH II 62
FLMR is the only site in northeast Kansas where the warbler occurs regularly as a summer resident (KSNHI unpublished data). A population exists in the old-growth bottomland forest on FLMR (Schukman and Mouras 1992, Schukman 1996, Freeman et al. 1997). Available Habitat and Surveys. Breeding habitat in eastern Kansas consists of mature riparian forest containing large sycamore trees. Strip-plot surveys conducted in 2002 and 2003 yielded a number of records (Table 3.7). Territorial males also were observed in May 2003 adjacent to the Maple-Basswood Forest and in June 2003 in mid-successional Cottonwood-Sycamore Floodplain Forest north of Rialto Trail (tail dike trail). This latter tract of forest contains few large sycamores, and numbers of yellow-throated warblers there appear to be low. The area of FLMR occupied by the yellow-throated warbler is shown in Figure 3.4. Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. The yellow-throated warbler was confirmed as a summer resident on FLMR. The species is widespread in bottomland forest on the installation, especially where large sycamores are present. The largest population is in old-growth forest east of the Sherman Army Airfield. Smaller populations on the river floodplain are found north of the airfield adjacent to Maple-Basswood Forest and in the mid-successional Cottonwood-Sycamore Floodplain Forest. Recommendations. Mature bottomland forest on the Missouri River floodplain should be maintained, especially those that support large sycamore trees. Species Accounts–Former Federal Candidate Species The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service eliminated its lists of Category 2 and Category 3 species in 1996. Discussed below are some former Category 2 species that originally were to be included in this study. Because they no longer have special federal or state status, targeted surveys for these species were not conducted. Clanton's cave amphipod: Stygobromus clantoni (Creaser) Past Records. Clanton's cave amphipod is a subterranean crustacean known from 10–20 sites in east-central Kansas and west-central Missouri. The population closest to FLMR is in a spring in Franklin County, Kansas (Busby and Danoff-Burg 1992). Available Habitat and Surveys. This species is found in underground waters in the Flint Hills and Osage Cuestas physiographic provinces in areas with limestone and shale substrates. Survey methods consist of visually searching cave streams and by placing baited traps into open wells. Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. Leavenworth County is approximately 48 km (30 mi) north of the known range of Clanton's cave amphipod. The installation appears to lack suitable habitat for this species, but the habitat requirements of Clanton’s cave amphipod are poorly known. Recommendations. None. NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF FT. LEAVENWORTH II 63
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A NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF THE FT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS List Of Figures .
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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1.1. Locatio
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LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1. Summary o
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was carri
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1.1. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. BACKGR
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intentionally or accidentally from
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east toward the Missouri River. Two
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Agriculture figures (1874), there w
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examined the status and ecological
Page 21 and 22: NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF FT. LEAV
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTER 2. NATURAL COMMUNITIES 2.1.
Page 25 and 26: TABLE 2.1. Summary of natural commu
Page 27 and 28: TABLE 2.3. Locations of vegetation
Page 29 and 30: green ash seedlings, and silver map
Page 31 and 32: Genus Species Common Name 1995-‘9
Page 33 and 34: ounding. Genus Species Common Name
Page 43 and 44: Phryma leptostachya American lopsee
Page 45 and 46: 1 2 3 4 5 Family Scientific name Co
Page 47 and 48: 1 2 3 4 5 Family Scientific name Co
Page 49 and 50: annuals initially. Eventually, herb
Page 55 and 56: TABLE 3.1. Animal species protected
Page 57 and 58: September. On 8 September, four tra
Page 59 and 60: warbler, ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapi
Page 61 and 62: TABLE 3.4. Carrion beetles (Coleopt
Page 63 and 64: Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. B
Page 65 and 66: Recommendations. The lack of suitab
Page 67 and 68: suggests that practices that degrad
Page 69 and 70: 1996, Freeman et al. 1997). Availab
Page 71: Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. R
Page 75 and 76: A Broad-winged hawk, Buteo platypte
Page 77 and 78: Species Old-growth Mid- Early- Succ
Page 79 and 80: (68%) have been confirmed since 199
Page 87 and 88: 4.1. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 4. PLANTS
Page 89 and 90: Date Location Time Notes 39.3611°N
Page 91 and 92: plants (including all infraspecific
Page 93 and 94: TABLE 4.3. Number and cumulative pe
Page 95 and 96: limestone derivation. After the 200
Page 97 and 98: ock outcrops; it is often found wit
Page 99 and 100: hickory Forest on FLMR. Observation
Page 101 and 102: Scientific Name Carex crus-corvi Sh
Page 103 and 104: epresenting 5 families, 13 genera,
Page 121 and 122: with other considerations, includin
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existing natural areas information.
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these areas would enhance the prair
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Other trails and paths on the insta
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FIGURE 5.1. One of the small remnan
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While FLMR supports a diverse flora
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Sorghum halepense, previously repor
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Brumwell, M. J. 1951. An ecological
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Kansas State Board of Agriculture.
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Schwartz, C. W. and E. R. Schwartz.
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APPENDIX A. Directions to vegetatio
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The GPS reading is the SE corner of
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APPENDIX B. Checklist of vertebrate
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ORDER Species Common Name Presence
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Equisetum ×ferrissii Clute (Equise
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Daucus pusillus Michx. southwestern
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Aster oolentangiensis Riddell var.
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[Solidago nemoralis Ait. var. longi
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Thlaspi arvense L. field pennycress
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Commelina communis L. Asiatic dayfl
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Carex vulpinoidea Michx. fox sedge
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Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. var.
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56. Hydrophyllaceae, the waterleaf
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Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton y
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Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. slend
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Echinochloa muricata (P. Beauv.) Fe
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misidentified specimen of Sporobolu
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91. Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn famil
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99. Scrophulariaceae, the figwort f
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Phryma leptostachya L. American lop
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Net sets 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, and 11
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However, Anabat recordings indicate
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APPENDIX E. Report on a 2003 field
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TABLE E.1. Reptiles and amphibians
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APPENDIX F. Exotic and Invasive Pla
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TABLE F.2. Life forms (habit) of ex
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are in bloom. Fire has not been pro
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Euonymus fortunei (Celastraceae; Ch
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disperse their seeds. They are foun
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Reed canary grass can become highly
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References Information on exotic an
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