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elocate the population on FLMR in 2003 were unsuccessful. However, given the longevity of individuals of this species, additional surveys may reveal that plants persist on the installation. Two small subgroups of the perennial grass Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae; upright shorthusk) were discovered in White oak-Shagbark hickory Forest in the northcentral part of FLMR during the 1995–1996 field seasons. Observations during the 2003 field season confirmed that upright shorthusk is locally common on north-facing slopes and in mesic ravines in both high-quality (Table 4.7, occurrence 1) and somewhat more disturbed (Table 4.7, occurrence 2) White oak-Shagbark hickory Forest on the installation (Figure 4.2). This species is known in Kansas from nine historic and recent collections made in three counties in the northeast part of the state. Of these, eight collections in two counties were made subsequent to 1990, and the populations they represent are considered likely to be extant. Bromus nottowayanus Fernald (Poaceae; Nottoway brome), a perennial grass, was first discovered in Kansas on FLMR during plant surveys in the 1995–1996 field seasons by J. Elliott and C. C. Freeman and reported as new to the state by Freeman et al. (1998). To date, Nottoway brome is known in Kansas from a single large population on FLMR in mesic White oak- Shagbark hickory Forest northeast of Camp Miles (Figure 4.3). Observations in 2003 confirmed that this population comprises thousands of individuals. Carex crus-corvi Shuttlew. ex Kunth (Cyperaceae; raven-foot sedge), a perennial graminoid, is common to locally abundant along edges of and in openings in Cottonwood-Sycamore Floodplain Forest on FLMR (Figure 4.4), where it may become co-dominant with Carex tribuloides var. sangamonensis. This species is known in Kansas from 26 recent and historic collections from 11 counties in the eastern part of the state. Of these, five collections in five counties were made after 1975, and the populations they represent are considered likely to be extant. This is the first record of the occurrence of raven-foot sedge in Leavenworth County. Several subpopulations of Carex hirtifolia Mack. (Cyperaceae; hairy-leaf sedge), a perennial graminoid, were discovered in 2003 in White oak-Shagbark hickory Forest (Table 4.7, occurrences 1–3) and Maple-Basswood (Table 4.7, occurrence 3) forests (Figure 4.5). Occurrences 1, 2, and 4 cited in Table 4.7 were very small, comprising 1–5 individuals only. However, occurrence 3 is large, comprising many hundreds of individuals. All subpopulations occupied slightly disturbed sites, in mesic microsites on east-facing slopes along deer or horse trails (Table 4.7, occurrences 1, 3 [in part], and 4) or in wet-mesic microsites on bars along creeks (Table 4.7, occurrences 2 and 3 [in part]). This is the first record of the occurrence of hairy-leaf sedge in Leavenworth County and only the second record of its occurrence in Kansas. Prior to its discovery on FLMR, this species was known in Kansas from a single locality in Wyandotte County. Large populations of Carex hitchcockiana Dewey (Cyperaceae; Hitchcock's sedge), a perennial graminoid, were discovered in 2003 in high-quality White oak-Shagbark hickory Forest (Table 4.7, occurrences 1 and 2), and disturbed (Table 4.7, occurrence 3) and high-quality (Table 4.7, occurrence 4) Maple-Basswood forests (Figure 4.6). Hitchcock’s sedge is observed most frequently on FLMR in mesic ravines and on north- and east-facing slopes and less frequently on NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF FT. LEAVENWORTH II 86
ock outcrops; it is often found with similar and more common congeners Carex grisea and Carex oligocarpa. This species is known in Kansas from five recent and historic collections in three counties. Of these, at least one population has been documented in each county subsequent to 1986, and the populations they represent are considered likely to be extant. Prior to its discovery on FLMR, the species had not been documented in Leavenworth County since 1964. Two small subpopulations of Carex normalis Mack. (Cyperaceae; large straw sedge), a perennial graminoid, were discovered in 2003, one along a deer trial in high-quality White oak- Shagbark hickory Forest (Table 4.7, occurrence 1) and the other on an east-facing slope in Maple-Basswood Forest (Table 4.7, occurrence 2). Neither population comprised more than five individuals, but additional surveys likely would reveal that this frequently overlooked species is scattered throughout the upland forests on FLMR (Figure 4.7). This species is known in Kansas from seven recent and historic collections in four counties in the eastern part of the state. All but one of these collections were made subsequent to 1985, and the populations they represent are considered likely to be extant. This is the first documented occurrence of large straw sedge in Leavenworth County. Carex radiata (Wahlenb.) Small (Cyperaceae; radiate sedge) was first collected on FLMR by C. C. Freeman during the 1989 field season. This species was not included among the state-rare species discussed by Freeman et al. (1997), but subsequent research has shown radiate sedge to be rare in Kansas. On FLMR, this perennial graminoid is occasional in Pecan-Hackberry Floodplain Forest (Table 4.7, occurrence 1) and in mesic ravines and along creek beds in White oak-Shagbark hickory Forest (Table 4.7, occurrence 2; Figure 4.8), where it is often found with similar congeners Carex rosea and Carex sparganioides. This species is known in Kansas from 35 recent and historic collections made in 10 counties in the easternmost part of the state. Of these, 22 collections in nine counties were made subsequent to 1973 and the populations they represent are considered likely to be extant. Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. (Cyperaceae; rosy sedge) was first collected on FLMR during the 1995–1996 field seasons. This species was not included among the state-rare species discussed by Freeman et al. (1997), but subsequent research has shown rosy sedge to be rare in Kansas. On FLMR, this perennial graminoid is occasional in mesic ravines and on north-facing slopes in White oak-Shagbark hickory (Table 4.7, occurrences 1 and 2) and Maple-Basswood (Table 4.7, occurrence 3) Forests (Figure 4.6), where it is often found with similar congeners Carex radiata and Carex sparganioides. This species is known in Kansas from 26 recent and historic collections made in eight counties in the easternmost part of the state. Of these, eight collections in six counties were made subsequent to 1986 and the populations they represent are considered likely to be extant. Carex tribuloides Wahlenb. var. sangamonensis Clokey (Cyperaceae; festival sedge) is common to abundant in Cottonwood-Sycamore and Pecan-Hackberry Floodplain Forests on FLMR (Figure 4.9), where it is often co-dominant with Carex crus-corvi and Carex grayi in seasonally wet depressions. This species is known in Kansas from eight recent and historic collections four counties in the eastern part of the state. Of these, three collections in two counties were made subsequent to 1990 and the populations they represent are considered likely NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF FT. LEAVENWORTH II 87
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A NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF THE FT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS List Of Figures .
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LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1.1. Locatio
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LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1. Summary o
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was carri
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1.1. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. BACKGR
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intentionally or accidentally from
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east toward the Missouri River. Two
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Agriculture figures (1874), there w
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examined the status and ecological
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NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF FT. LEAV
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CHAPTER 2. NATURAL COMMUNITIES 2.1.
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TABLE 2.1. Summary of natural commu
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TABLE 2.3. Locations of vegetation
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green ash seedlings, and silver map
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Genus Species Common Name 1995-‘9
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ounding. Genus Species Common Name
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Page 41 and 42:
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Phryma leptostachya American lopsee
Page 45 and 46: 1 2 3 4 5 Family Scientific name Co
Page 47 and 48: 1 2 3 4 5 Family Scientific name Co
Page 49 and 50: annuals initially. Eventually, herb
Page 51 and 52: NATURAL AREAS INVENTORY OF FT. LEAV
Page 55 and 56: TABLE 3.1. Animal species protected
Page 57 and 58: September. On 8 September, four tra
Page 59 and 60: warbler, ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapi
Page 61 and 62: TABLE 3.4. Carrion beetles (Coleopt
Page 63 and 64: Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. B
Page 65 and 66: Recommendations. The lack of suitab
Page 67 and 68: suggests that practices that degrad
Page 69 and 70: 1996, Freeman et al. 1997). Availab
Page 71 and 72: Potential for Occurrence on FLMR. R
Page 73 and 74: FLMR is the only site in northeast
Page 75 and 76: A Broad-winged hawk, Buteo platypte
Page 77 and 78: Species Old-growth Mid- Early- Succ
Page 79 and 80: (68%) have been confirmed since 199
Page 87 and 88: 4.1. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 4. PLANTS
Page 89 and 90: Date Location Time Notes 39.3611°N
Page 91 and 92: plants (including all infraspecific
Page 93 and 94: TABLE 4.3. Number and cumulative pe
Page 95: limestone derivation. After the 200
Page 99 and 100: hickory Forest on FLMR. Observation
Page 101 and 102: Scientific Name Carex crus-corvi Sh
Page 103 and 104: epresenting 5 families, 13 genera,
Page 121 and 122: with other considerations, includin
Page 123 and 124: existing natural areas information.
Page 125 and 126: these areas would enhance the prair
Page 127 and 128: Other trails and paths on the insta
Page 129 and 130: FIGURE 5.1. One of the small remnan
Page 131 and 132: While FLMR supports a diverse flora
Page 133 and 134: Sorghum halepense, previously repor
Page 135 and 136: Brumwell, M. J. 1951. An ecological
Page 137 and 138: Kansas State Board of Agriculture.
Page 139 and 140: Schwartz, C. W. and E. R. Schwartz.
Page 141 and 142: APPENDIX A. Directions to vegetatio
Page 143 and 144: The GPS reading is the SE corner of
Page 145 and 146: APPENDIX B. Checklist of vertebrate
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ORDER Species Common Name Presence
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Equisetum ×ferrissii Clute (Equise
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Daucus pusillus Michx. southwestern
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Aster oolentangiensis Riddell var.
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[Solidago nemoralis Ait. var. longi
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Thlaspi arvense L. field pennycress
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Commelina communis L. Asiatic dayfl
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Carex vulpinoidea Michx. fox sedge
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Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. var.
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56. Hydrophyllaceae, the waterleaf
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Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton y
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Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. slend
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Echinochloa muricata (P. Beauv.) Fe
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misidentified specimen of Sporobolu
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91. Rhamnaceae, the buckthorn famil
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99. Scrophulariaceae, the figwort f
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Phryma leptostachya L. American lop
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Net sets 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, and 11
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However, Anabat recordings indicate
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APPENDIX E. Report on a 2003 field
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TABLE E.1. Reptiles and amphibians
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APPENDIX F. Exotic and Invasive Pla
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TABLE F.2. Life forms (habit) of ex
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are in bloom. Fire has not been pro
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Euonymus fortunei (Celastraceae; Ch
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disperse their seeds. They are foun
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Reed canary grass can become highly
Page 209:
References Information on exotic an
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