Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Report - IUCN

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Report • Rousettus leschenaulti Leschenault’s Rousette. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North C17 , centre C10 (Phillips 1967), south C17, C8 . Roosts in caves (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). • Rousettus amplexicaudatus Geoffroy’s Rousette. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: Centre C16 , south C3, C15 . Roosts in caves (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). Appears to be less widespread than R. leschenaulti, but there are relatively few records on which to base this judgement; externally, both species are similar in appearance. Cynopterus brachyotis Lesser Short-nosed Fruit Bat. South C9 ; range maps in Corbet and Hill (1992) suggest it may extend to centre and north, but the nearest location cited in the text is Vietnam. Forests, orchards and open country (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). Cynopterus sphinx Short-nosed Fruit Bat. North C1 , centre C7, C10, C16 , south C8, C9 (Plate 18). Probably widespread throughout the country, especially in open forest areas (Corbet and Hill 1992). Often feeds on flowers of cultivated plants such as kapok and bananas, presumably pollinating them (Robinson and Webber 1998a). [Cynopterus horsfieldi Horsfield’s Fruit Bat]. Centre (provisionally C7 ). One specimen captured at Hin Namno NBCA, together with C. sphinx, appeared to be this species, but further study of the specimen is required to confirm the identity. Megaerops niphanae Northern Tail-less Fruit Bat. North C17, C11 , centre C2, C10 , south C3, C9 . Probably the most widespread fruit bat in forested areas of Lao PDR, but also found in more open areas. This species was described in 1983, prior to which it was confused with M. ecaudatus. Megaerops ecaudatus Tail-less Fruit Bat. South C3, C9 , sympatric with M. niphanae. Probably has similar habitat requirements to M. niphanae, but may not extend as far north. Externally, this species is similar to M. niphanae, and further research is required to determine which field marks are most reliable for identifying live animals. [Sphaerias blanfordi Mountain Fruit Bat]. Not recorded from Lao PDR, but occurs in northern Thailand and Myanmar (Corbet and Hill 1992) and might be expected in northern Lao PDR. • Eonycteris spelaea Cave Nectar Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North C17, C12 , centre C16 , south C3, C15 (Osgood 228 1932). Probably widespread throughout the country. Roosts in caves (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). Feeds on nectar and pollen from flowers, and pollinates many trees including some economically important species such as durian, jackfruit and jambu (Start and Marshall 1976), as well as kapok and bananas (Robinson and Webber 1998a). Macroglossus sobrinus Hill Long-tongued Fruit Bat. North C12, C13 , centre C2 (Phillips 1967). Mapped from south by Corbet and Hill (1992). Evergreen forests (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). In older literature was known as M. minimus, but that name is now known to belong to a different species found only in Malaysia (Hill 1983). Feeds primarily on nectar and pollen of bananas and hence is an important pollinator (Start and Marshall 1976). Emballonuridae: Sheath-tailed bats (3-4 species) Note: Most species in Lao PDR are known from few records, because they forage relatively high off the ground and hence are difficult to catch away from roosts. Unidentified Taphozous bats have been recorded in many areas based on echolocation calls (CMF and AG), indicating that at least some species are fairly widespread. Taphozous melanopogon Black-bearded Tomb Bat. North, at Pakou (Osgood 1932). Mapped as throughout Lao PDR (Corbet and Hill 1992), but basis for records not listed. Forested hills, roosting in caves and faults in cliffs (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). [Taphozous longimanus Long-winged Tomb Bat]. Not recorded from Lao PDR, but occurs in adjacent Thailand (Lekagul and McNeely 1977, Corbet and Hill 1992), and probably therefore also in Lao PDR. Roosts in houses, hollow trees and caves (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). • Taphozous theobaldi Theobald’s Tomb Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: Centre C16 , south C15 . Roosts in caves (Lekagul and McNeely 1977, Robinson 1998) and possibly also hollow trees. • Taphozous saccolaimus Pouched Tomb Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: South C17 . In Thailand, the species roosts in houses, rock crevices or hollow trees (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). Megadermatidae: False-vampires (2 species) Megaderma spasma Lesser False-vampire. Centre C10, C7 , south C3, C15 (Plate 18). Probably throughout (Corbet and Hill
1992). In Lao PDR has been found roosting in caves (Robinson and Webber 1998a) and hollow trees (Robinson 1998). Megaderma lyra Greater False-vampire. North C13 , centre C7, C10 , south C3, C15 . In Lao PDR has been found roosting in caves (Francis and Khoonmy 1998b, Robinson 1998), but also roosts in temples, wells and old buildings in Thailand (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). Often caught foraging in the same sites as the smaller M. spasma (Francis et al. 1997a, Francis and Vongkhamheng 1998). Rhinolophidae: Horseshoe bats (15-19 species) • Rhinolophus luctus Large Woolly Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North C12 , centre C10 , south C3 . Apparently widespread, but appears to be relatively uncommon. Has been caught roosting in caves (Francis and Vongkhamheng 1998, Robinson and Webber 1998a) but also may use hollow trees (Lekagul and McNeely 1977). Probably not in large colonies. • Rhinolophus paradoxolophus Bourret’s Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Globally Threatened - Vulnerable; Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Now known from several more localities than were known at the time of the IUCN (1996) listing, and probably should be reclassified. Documented Range and Habitat: North C12 , centre C2, C10 . A roost of about 50 individuals was found in a cave in Khammouan Limestone NBCA (Robinson and Webber 1998a). Has been caught foraging in relatively undisturbed evergreen forest. • Rhinolophus marshalli Marshall’s Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Proposed IUCN listing (Hutson et al. in prep.): Globally Near-Threatened; Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. In Lao PDR appears to be less common than preceding species. Documented Range and Habitat: North C11, C12 . Has been caught near limestone caves in Lao PDR (Guillén and Francis 1998a), and has been found roosting in caves in Thailand (Robinson and Smith 1997). May also roost in hollow trees. • Rhinolophus macrotis Big-eared Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR; apparently rare in region but not listed by IUCN (1996). Documented Range and Habitat: North C12 , centre C2 . Probably roosts in caves, and potentially hollow trees. • Rhinolophus cf. siamensis. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR; formerly considered a subspecies of R. macrotis (Corbet and Hill 1992), so not evaluated by IUCN (1996). Documented Range and Habitat: Chiroptera North C12, C13, C14 , centre C2 . Has been caught near limestone caves. This species resembles R. macrotis, and is very similar genetically (AG), but differs in smaller size, slightly different noseleaf and higher echolocation calls. It has been caught in the same sites as the larger form (R. m. caldwelli) in both Lao PDR (Francis et al. 1996, Guillén and Francis 1998a) and Vietnam (Osgood 1932). The appropriate name appears to be R. siamensis, which was originally described as a subspecies of R. macrotis (Gyldenstolpe 1916), but the type specimen has not yet been examined to confirm this. • Rhinolophus coelophyllus Croslet Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North C11 . So far recorded in Lao PDR only from Phou Khaokhoay NBCA, but widespread in Thailand, and probably occurs elsewhere in Lao PDR. Has been recorded roosting in caves in Thailand (Robinson et al. 1995, Robinson and Smith 1997). • Rhinolophus shameli Shamel’s Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Globally Near-Threatened; Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North C1 , centre C7 , south C3, C8 . Probably roosts mainly in caves. • Rhinolophus pearsonii Pearson’s Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North C11, C12, C13 , centre C7, C10 , south C8 . Roosts in caves (Francis et al. 1996, Robinson and Webber 1998a). [• Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson’s Horseshoe Bat]. Conservation Significance: Globally Near-Threatened. Documented Range and Habitat: Not recorded from Lao PDR, but known from southern China, Myanmar and Thailand (Corbet and Hill 1992), and may extend into Lao PDR, most likely in the north-west. Rhinolophus acuminatus Acuminate Horseshoe Bat. South C3, C9, C15 (Plate 18). Has been caught in dry evergreen, mixed deciduous, and dry dipterocarp forests. In Xe Pian NBCA was caught roosting in a hollow log, hollow tree, and a cave (Robinson 1998). • Rhinolophus pusillus Least Horseshoe Bat. Conservation Significance: Potentially At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North C12, C13, C14, C6 , centre C2, C16 , south C3, C8 . Roosts in caves (Francis et al. 1996, Robinson and Webber 1998a). Specimens referred here to this species appear to represent at least two and probably three species, based on genetic, morphological and echolocation call differences (AG). Some of them may represent one or both of the following two species, but further study is required to determine their identities. 229
Page 2 and 3:
IUCN - The World Conservation Union
Page 4:
PREFACE In 1993 IUCN, in collaborat
Page 7 and 8:
Crombie, USNM. Tanya Chan-ard allow
Page 9 and 10:
At Risk in Lao PDR (ARL): this cate
Page 11 and 12:
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Page 13 and 14:
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Page 15 and 16:
List of Plates ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Page 17 and 18:
Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Re
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
LARGE MAMMALS J. W. Duckworth, R. J
Page 177 and 178:
1965), but no detailed fauna has ye
Page 179 and 180:
no hunter could confuse a gibbon, e
Page 181 and 182:
Species Phou Dendin NBCA Large Mamm
Page 183 and 184:
Species Nakai - Nam Theun NBCA Naka
Page 185 and 186:
Species Xe Bang-Nouan NBCA Xe Sap N
Page 187 and 188:
• Specific surveys to gain cleare
Page 189 and 190:
Young White-handed Gibbon, Xaignabo
Page 191 and 192: m in limestone karst. Status Inform
Page 193 and 194: Duckworth in press). Status Informa
Page 195 and 196: [• Hylobates gabriellae Yellow-ch
Page 197 and 198: Range and Habitat: North M15 , cent
Page 199 and 200: ear action and management plan and
Page 201 and 202: Common Palm Civet, Ban Lak (20) mar
Page 203 and 204: [• Lutra sumatrana Hairy-nosed Ot
Page 205 and 206: • Hemigalus owstoni (= Chrotogale
Page 207 and 208: Table 14. Asian Golden Cat locality
Page 209 and 210: Sun Bear, Xe Pian NBCA, early 1997.
Page 211 and 212: China and Vietnam (Martin 1992, Sri
Page 213 and 214: 1986, Dobias 1992a, Salter 1989b),
Page 215 and 216: Table 15. Summary of observations o
Page 217 and 218: ace of S. scrofa in Lao PDR, S. s.
Page 219 and 220: Eld’s Deer footprint, Dong Khanth
Page 221 and 222: areas during the rainy season (Deuv
Page 223 and 224: • Consideration of appropriate me
Page 225 and 226: wide-ranging field experience in In
Page 227 and 228: the headwaters of the Xe Bangfai an
Page 229 and 230: The three squirrels most commonly t
Page 231 and 232: Lao range to merit designation as a
Page 233 and 234: Conservation Management and Researc
Page 235 and 236: ORDER INSECTIVORA M. F. Robinson IN
Page 237 and 238: of north-east Laos. In Malaysia it
Page 239 and 240: ORDER CHIROPTERA: BATS C. M. Franci
Page 241: Rhinolophus acuminatus, Dong Khanth
Page 245 and 246: • Hipposideros armiger Great Roun
Page 247 and 248: [Pipistrellus coromandra Indian Pip
Page 249 and 250: east Thailand, that had apparently
Page 251 and 252: ORDER RODENTIA, FAMILY MURIDAE C. M
Page 253 and 254: 1997). Forest habitats, probably at
Page 255 and 256: REFERENCES Written Allen, G. M. 192
Page 257 and 258: Laos. Bull. Soc. Roy. Sci. Nat. du
Page 259 and 260: ats in Phou Khao Khoay NBCA. Vienti
Page 261 and 262: mittee (draft report). MacKinnon, J
Page 263 and 264: Robinson, H. C. 1915. On the birds
Page 265 and 266: Thewlis, R. M., Duckworth, J. W., A
Page 267 and 268: ANNEX 1 Selected bird and mammal sp
Page 269 and 270: ANNEX 2 CITES-listed wildlife speci
Page 271 and 272: ANNEX 3 Amphibian, reptile, bird an
Page 273 and 274: Species Key species: status Current
Page 275 and 276: ANNEX 4 Birds and large mammals ass
Page 277 and 278: Species Association with wetlands R
Page 279 and 280: Annexes with respect to the strengt
Page 281 and 282: 4 : 5 14 : 20 14 : 16 8 : 9 14 : 16
Page 283 and 284: Reports of rhinoceroses during vill
Page 285 and 286: 5 : 5 20 : 20 16 : 16 8 : 9 15 : 16
Page 287 and 288: Species Global Lao threat status ri
Page 289: Species Global Lao threat status ri
show all

Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Report - IUCN

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?