Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Report - IUCN

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Philautus asperrimus. Centre in Annamite foothills (Stuart 1998a). Single specimen on low vegetation along temporary stream in evergreen mixed with deciduous forest. 500 m. Polypedates feae. Centre in Annamite mountains (FMNH specimen). On low vegetation above stream in disturbed evergreen forest. 600 m. Polypedates leucomystax group. North (Stuart 1998c, Xiangkhouang market record in February 1999, FMNH specimen) and in vicinity of Vientiane (BLS), centre in limestone region (Stuart 1998b), Nakai Plateau (Stuart 1998b), Annamite foothills (Stuart 1998a, FMNH specimen) and Annamite mountains (FMNH specimen), south (Stuart 1998e) and in Annamite mountains (TNSM specimen). Found in all habitat types, including disturbed areas and near human habitation. 60-985 m. Most common tree frog in Lao PDR. Taxonomic Issues: This group exhibits wide geographic variation, and is most certainly composed of a number of sibling species. Rhacophorus baliogaster. South in Annamite mountains (TNSM specimen). Wet evergreen forest. 1000 m. Rhacophorus bisacculus. North (as Theloderma sp. in Stuart 1998c), centre in Annamite foothills (Stuart 1998a) and Annamite mountains (FMNH specimen). On low vegetation near streams in evergreen and evergreen mixed with deciduous forest. 500-1200 m. Rhacophorus calcaneus. Centre in limestone region (as Rhacophorus sp. in Stuart 1998b) and in Annamite mountains (FMNH specimen). On vegetation above streams, limestone outcrops, or in caves in evergreen forest. 220-600 m. Taxonomic Issues: These samples consist of two forms which may prove to be distinct species. Rhacophorus exechopygus. South in Annamite mountains (TNSM specimen). On low vegetation in wet evergreen forest. 1200-1400 m. Rhacophorus reinwardti. North (as R. nigropalmatus in Ohler 1997 and in Stuart 1998c), centre in Annamite foothills (Stuart 1998a, Plate 8). In canopy of evergreen forest, but occasionally seen on lower vegetation near streams and marshes. 545-985 m. Microhylidae: Narrow-mouthed frogs (12 species) Calluella guttulata. North (photographed in Phou Khaokhoay NBCA by T. Hansel in 1997) and in vicinity of Vientiane (Vientiane market record as C. guttulosa in Ohler 1997), south (USNM specimen from Seephandon market). Disturbed vegetation near human habitation. Amphibians and Reptiles Glyphoglossus molossus. South (photographed in Salavan market by TC in February 1999). Kalophrynus pleurostigma. Centre in limestone region (Stuart 1998a) and Annamite foothills (photographed in Nakai-Nam Theun NBCA by R. Boonratana in 1998, FMNH specimen), south (TNSM specimen). On leaf litter in evergreen and evergreen mixed with deciduous forest. 200-600 m. Kaloula mediolineata. South (photographed in Salavan market by TC in February 1999). Kaloula pulchra. North (Stuart 1998d) and in vicinity of Vientiane (Vientiane market record in Ohler 1997, AMNH specimen, FMNH specimen), centre in limestone region (Stuart 1998a, 1998b), south (Stuart 1998e, Salavan market record in February 1999 by TC). This highly adaptable species is found in most habitat types, from evergreen forest to vegetation along drainage ditches in Vientiane. 100-600 m. Microhyla annamensis. Centre in Annamite mountains (BLS), south in Annamite mountains (TNSM specimen). Wet evergreen forest. 600-1200 m. Microhyla berdmorei. North (Ohler 1997, FMNH specimen), centre (Thakhek Km. 3 market record in October 1998), in limestone region (Stuart 1998a), Nakai Plateau (Stuart 1998b), Annamite foothills (Stuart 1998a, FMNH specimen) and Annamite mountains (FMNH specimen, Plate 8), south (Stuart 1998e, photographed in Xe Kong Province by DAS in 1997, TNSM specimen) and in Annamite mountains (Xe Sap NBCA by TC). Near stream banks in most forest types, including open forest and disturbed vegetation near human habitation. 100-1000 m. Microhyla butleri. North (Stuart 1998c), centre in limestone region (Stuart 1998b) and Annamite foothills (FMNH specimen), south (Stuart 1998e, photographed in Xe Pian NBCA by TC in 1997, Salavan market record in February 1999 by TC). Evergreen forest, evergreen mixed with deciduous forest, and grassland with dipterocarp forest. 100-1000 m. Microhyla heymonsi. North (Ohler 1997, Stuart 1998c) and in vicinity of Vientiane (USNM specimen), centre in limestone region (Stuart 1998a, 1998b) and in Annamite foothills (FMNH specimen), south (Stuart 1998e, Salavan market record in February 1999 by TC, TNSM specimen). Open forest such as dipterocarp forest with grassland, and in gaps in evergreen forest. 60-1000 m. Microhyla inornata. North (as Micryletta inornata in Ohler 1997), centre in limestone region (Stuart 1998a, 1998b) and Annamite foothills (Stuart 1998a, FMNH specimen), south and in Annamite mountains (TNSM specimen). Evergreen, deciduous, and evergreen mixed with deciduous forest. 200-1000 m. 49
Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Report Microhyla ornata. North in vicinity of Vientiane (Ban Lak (52) market record in March 1998, AMNH specimen), centre in limestone region (Stuart 1998a, 1998b) and Annamite foothills (FMNH specimen), south (Stuart 1998e, Salavan market record in February 1999 by TC, TNSM specimen). Found in most habitat types, including evergreen forest, open forest such as dipterocarp forest with grassland, or under vegetation in disturbed wet areas such as paddies, drainage ditches, and around bomb crater ponds (Stuart and Davidson 1999). 60-600 m. Microhyla pulchra. North in vicinity of Vientiane (Vientiane market record in Ohler 1997, Ban Lak (52) market record in March 1998, AMNH specimen), centre (Thakhek Km. 3 market record in April 1998), in limestone region (Stuart 1998a, 1998b), south (Stuart 1998e, TNSM specimen, Salavan market record in February 1999 by TC). Under logs, chunks of dried mud, or other debris around ponds in open forest or in disturbed areas such as buffalo wallows, rice paddies, or drainage ditches. 60-200 m. Regularly seen in markets. Platysternidae: Big-headed Turtle (1 species) • Platysternon megacephalum Big-headed Turtle. Conservation Significance: Data Deficient (Global); At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North, centre in Annamite foothills and Annamite mountains, south (see below). Higher elevations in rocky streams in evergreen forest. Status Information: North: village record (Stuart 1998c, photographed in Phou Khaokhoay NBCA by T. Hansel in 1997 and in Nam Et NBCA by DAS in 1998 after confiscation from traders by local officials); Vietnamese trader possession record (Robichaud 1998a); specimen record (USNM); Louangphabang market record (Pritchard 1995); unspecified (Bour 1997) and in vicinity of Vientiane, market record (whole dried specimen at morning market medicinal stall in 1997 by TDE). Centre: in Annamite mountains, field record (at 750 m in Tobias 1997); village record (Ban Navang in Nakai-Nam Theun NBCA by RJTim); Vietnamese trader possession record (Nakai-Nam Theun NBCA by BLS). South: village record (Showler et al. 1998a); photographed (field record at 540 m in Nam Ghong Provincial Protected Area, Attapu Province, by RJTiz in 1998). Reported to be eaten for food (Stuart 1998b) and sold to Lao traders (Pritchard 1995) and Vietnamese traders at relatively high prices (Stuart 1998c, 1998d, BLS), presumably for the Vietnamese and Chinese consumption trade. Emydidae: Typical turtles (9-11 species) • Cuora amboinensis Malayan Box Turtle. Conservation 50 Significance: Globally Near-Threatened; At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: South (see below). Lowland open forest such as dipterocarp forest with scattered pools. Status Information: South: field record (Xe Kong Plains in Xe Pian NBCA by TDE); village record (Stuart 1998e (Plate 9), Ban Tahin in Dong Khanthung PNBCA by RJTim). Hunted for food (Stuart 1998e) and reported to be sold to Thai traders (Baird 1993) and probably sold to Vietnamese traders for the Vietnamese and Chinese consumption trade. • Cuora galbinifrons Indochinese Box Turtle. Conservation Significance: Globally Near-Threatened; At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: North in Annamite mountains, centre in Nakai Plateau and Annamite mountains (see below). Higher elevations in evergreen forest or closed forest. Status Information: North: in Annamite mountains, Vietnamese trader possession record (Robichaud 1998a). Centre: in Nakai Plateau, village record (Timmins and Evans 1996), and Annamite mountains, field record (FMNH specimen at 900 m in Nakai-Nam Theun NBCA); village record (Timmins and Evans 1996); market record (Ban Lak (20) market record in 1994 by TDE). A carapace from a consumed specimen in a village in the limestone region was reported to have been obtained locally (Stuart 1998b), suggesting the species may also be present at lower elevations (village at 200 m) in dry evergreen mixed with deciduous forest. Hunted for food by local people (Stuart 1998b; Plate 5) and by Vietnamese poachers (Robichaud 1998a), and reported to be sold to Lao traders (Stuart 1998b) and Vietnamese traders (BLS), presumably for the Vietnamese and Chinese consumption trade. One villager interviewed in 1998 in Ban Maka-Neua (Nakai-Nam Theun NBCA) predicted that the species would disappear from over-harvesting within a few years (BLS). Taxonomic Issues: Alternatively assigned to the genus Cistoclemmys (Zhao and Adler 1993). [• Cuora trifasciata Chinese Three-striped Box Turtle]. Conservation Significance: Globally Threatened - Endangered; Conditionally At Risk in Lao PDR. Documented Range and Habitat: No field or village records exist in Lao PDR, although animals believed to be this species (as thao kham, meaning ‘golden turtle’) have been reported from several villages in climatically wet evergreen forest near the Vietnam border in Nakai-Nam Theun NBCA and the Nam Theun Extension PNBCA (Robichaud 1998a, Timmins and Khounboline in press, BLS). At least five specimens of C. trifasciata in the Ban Keun Zoo in 1995 were said to originate in Lao PDR (Timmins and Khounboline in press), but in 1996 all seven animals which had been acquired were stolen from the zoo (zoo staff verbally 1999). Status Information: The most sought after species by Vietnamese traders, presumably for the Vietnamese and Chinese consumption trade. This species was reported in 1994 to command the kip
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IUCN - The World Conservation Union
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PREFACE In 1993 IUCN, in collaborat
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Crombie, USNM. Tanya Chan-ard allow
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At Risk in Lao PDR (ARL): this cate
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○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
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Page 15 and 16: List of Plates ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
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Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Re
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LARGE MAMMALS J. W. Duckworth, R. J
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1965), but no detailed fauna has ye
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no hunter could confuse a gibbon, e
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Species Phou Dendin NBCA Large Mamm
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Species Nakai - Nam Theun NBCA Naka
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Species Xe Bang-Nouan NBCA Xe Sap N
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• Specific surveys to gain cleare
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Young White-handed Gibbon, Xaignabo
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m in limestone karst. Status Inform
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Duckworth in press). Status Informa
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[• Hylobates gabriellae Yellow-ch
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Range and Habitat: North M15 , cent
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ear action and management plan and
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Common Palm Civet, Ban Lak (20) mar
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[• Lutra sumatrana Hairy-nosed Ot
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• Hemigalus owstoni (= Chrotogale
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Table 14. Asian Golden Cat locality
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Sun Bear, Xe Pian NBCA, early 1997.
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China and Vietnam (Martin 1992, Sri
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1986, Dobias 1992a, Salter 1989b),
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Table 15. Summary of observations o
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ace of S. scrofa in Lao PDR, S. s.
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Eld’s Deer footprint, Dong Khanth
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areas during the rainy season (Deuv
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• Consideration of appropriate me
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wide-ranging field experience in In
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the headwaters of the Xe Bangfai an
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The three squirrels most commonly t
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Lao range to merit designation as a
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Conservation Management and Researc
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ORDER INSECTIVORA M. F. Robinson IN
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of north-east Laos. In Malaysia it
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ORDER CHIROPTERA: BATS C. M. Franci
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Rhinolophus acuminatus, Dong Khanth
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1992). In Lao PDR has been found ro
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• Hipposideros armiger Great Roun
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[Pipistrellus coromandra Indian Pip
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east Thailand, that had apparently
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ORDER RODENTIA, FAMILY MURIDAE C. M
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1997). Forest habitats, probably at
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REFERENCES Written Allen, G. M. 192
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Laos. Bull. Soc. Roy. Sci. Nat. du
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ats in Phou Khao Khoay NBCA. Vienti
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mittee (draft report). MacKinnon, J
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Robinson, H. C. 1915. On the birds
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Thewlis, R. M., Duckworth, J. W., A
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ANNEX 1 Selected bird and mammal sp
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ANNEX 2 CITES-listed wildlife speci
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ANNEX 3 Amphibian, reptile, bird an
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Species Key species: status Current
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ANNEX 4 Birds and large mammals ass
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Species Association with wetlands R
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Annexes with respect to the strengt
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4 : 5 14 : 20 14 : 16 8 : 9 14 : 16
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Reports of rhinoceroses during vill
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5 : 5 20 : 20 16 : 16 8 : 9 15 : 16
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Species Global Lao threat status ri
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Species Global Lao threat status ri
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Wildlife of Lao PDR: 1999 Status Report - IUCN

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