Observations and Modelling of Fronts and Frontogenesis

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Katz, E. J. and M. G. Briscoe, 1979: Vertical Coherence of the Internal Wave Field from Towed Sensors, J. Phys. Oceanogr., :5l8-530 Kraichnan, R. H., 1967: Inertial Ranges in Two-Dimensional Turbulence, Phys. Fluids, 10:1417-1423 Kraus, E. B., and J. S. Turner, 1967: A one-dimensional model of the seasonal thermocline: II The general theory and its consequences. Tellus, 19:98-106 Kunze, E. and T. B. Sanford, 1984: Observations of Near- Inertial Waves in a Front, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 14:566-581 Large, W. C., J. C. McWilliams, and P. P. Niiler, 1986: Upper Ocean Thermal Response to Strong Autumnal Forcing of the Northeast Pacific, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 16:1524-1550 Lativ, M., 1987: Tropical Ocean Circulation Experiments, J. Phys. Oceanogr., fl:246-263 Leith, C. E., 1971: Atmospheric Predictability and Two- Dimensional Turbulence, J. Atmos. Sci., 28:145-161 McWilliams, J. C. and J. H. S. Chow, 1981: Equilibrium Ceostrophic Turbulence I: A Reference Solution in a Beta-Plane Channel, J. Phys. Oceanogr., fl:92l-949 Monin, A. S. and A. M. Yaglom, 1975: Statistical Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 2, MIT Press, Cambridge Niiler, P. P., 1975: Deepening of the wind-mixed layer, J. Mar. Res., 4O5-422 Niiler, P. P., and R. W. Reynolds, 1984: The Three- Dimensional Circulation near the Eastern North Pacific Subtropical Front, J. Phys. Oceanogr. , :217-230 Paulson, C. A., R. J. Baumann, L. M. deWitt, T. J. Spoering, and J. D. Wagner, 1980: Towed Thermistor Chain Observations in FRONTS 80, Oregon State University School of Oceanography Data Report 85, Reference 80-18. Pedlosky, J. , 1978: A Nonlinear Model of the Onset of Upwelling. J. Phys. Oceanogr., :l78-l87 Pedlosky, J., 1979: Ceothysical Fluid Dynamics. Springer- Verlag, 624 pp.
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Page 1 and 2:
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Roger
Page 3 and 4:
Observations and Modelling of Front
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To my parents, Hans and Nancy Samel
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This research was supported by ONR
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TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION 1
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Figure LIST OF FIGURES (continued)
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OBSERVATIONS AND MODELLING OF FRONT
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II. TOWED THERMISTOR CHAIN OBSERVAT
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oriented multiple surface fronts up
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gravity waves. A maximum of 21 and
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small, since the large-scale temper
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front at about 18.5 °C. There is f
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given in the stable cases (downward
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temperatures for January and Februa
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dominates the spectrum. At these wa
Page 31 and 32:
typically iO-2iO3 °c m1-), and sin
Page 33 and 34:
11.5 Geostrophic turbulence We have
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energy of each of the longitudinal
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varying N and a flow isolated from
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adiabatic meridional displacements
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z0 34 32 V v 30 a -J 28 26 a) - 2b$
Page 43 and 44:
U0 V L 0 L V 20 E 16 V 12 p ; t *,
Page 45 and 46: 30 E 50 -c a- I, 0 70 90 300 360 37
Page 47 and 48: 10 10° 10-2 1 0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0
Page 49 and 50: 1 o 1 102 101 - 0 LU 00 x I.- - -1
Page 51 and 52: E (I) a. z 106 1 o5 102 101 100 1O
Page 53 and 54: Table 11.1 Tow start and finish pos
Page 55 and 56: Table 11.3 Climatological sea surfa
Page 57 and 58: Paulson, C. A., R. J. Baumann, L. M
Page 59 and 60: 111.1 Introduction In this chapter
Page 61 and 62: interior layers, on the horizontal
Page 63 and 64: polynomials in z.) The vertical mom
Page 65 and 66: hit + (hivi) = We, (8a) h2t + (h2v2
Page 67 and 68: Equations (la) and (2a) are dynamic
Page 69 and 70: subdivided into subdomains with dif
Page 71 and 72: mixed layer. As is the case with (2
Page 73 and 74: constant pressure c = 4.1x103 J K1-
Page 75 and 76: When (28) have been solved for the
Page 77 and 78: occur with the initial conditions w
Page 79 and 80: analytically. Let Al2 and A23 be th
Page 81 and 82: Shortly after t = 8.1, the mixed la
Page 83 and 84: that around the offshore front, exc
Page 85 and 86: the reduced equations numerically.
Page 87 and 88: (1) The upwelled horizontal profile
Page 89 and 90: Figure 111.1 Model geometry. zO z z
Page 91 and 92: * j 0. -20. >\ - -40. 0 > .0 0. 40.
Page 93 and 94: 4) 20. 10. 0. 20. 1 0. 0. 0 y/X 0.
Page 95: BIBLIOGRAPHY Batchelor, G. K. , 195
Page 99 and 100: APPENDIX A: DYNAMICAL DERIVATION OF
Page 101 and 102: In a manner exactly analogous to th
Page 103 and 104: smoothness. The large vorticities t
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