archaeological and textual records - eCommons@Cornell - Cornell ...

Auriesville, New York and Kateri Tekakwitha's Shrine in Fonda (Ellis, personal
communication 2010). It should be noted that Dean Snow has since written that
Clark's placement of Kateri Tekakwitha's birthplace is incorrect (Snow 1995: 41-42).
Clark later wrote about the Native American archeology along the
Susquehanna River, and also wrote of and mapped Sullivan's Campaign against the
Western Indians, as well as the so-called “Groveland Massacre" (Ellis 2010, personal
communication). Ultimately his avocational pursuits earned him the "first strike of the
Cornplanter Medal," given for excellence in Iroquois Research (Ellis 2010, personal
communication). He was also adopted into the Iroquois Confederacy, receiving the
name Hehaw-wesuck, meaning "Pathfinder” (Ellis 2010:personal communication).
General Clark died in Auburn on Easter Sunday, April 7, 1912 (New York Times
Obituary 1912).
Medal Typology Adapted from the Clark Manuscript
Using the Clark manuscript, I have compiled a working typology of the religious
medals recovered from Seneca sites to date. As the data table in chapter three will
corroborate, some medals were too badly corroded to identify, but all medals have
been noted. Note that this list does not include other varieties of medals housed in the
Rock Foundation collection, such as those depicting British or French monarchs.
Unless otherwise specified, the medal types below come in circular or ovular shapes.
Types are listed in alphabetical order and all the images are taken directly from the
Clark Manuscript. Lastly, it is difficult to evaluate religious medals for stylistic drift,
simply because the imagery and symbolism of Catholicism have not changed greatly
in the last several hundred years. Most of the medals described below are still in
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