Annual Report 2010 - Verein der Kohlenimporteure eV

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82 At the end of 2010, the installed power generation capacity in China totalled to 962 GW, an increase of 88 GW or 10%. The installed coal-fired power plant power generation capacity is planned to be expanded to 1,050 GW, is to be coal-fired power plants. This means that each week in the future, one to two new coal-fired power plants will be connected to the grid. TWh and coal-fired power generation by 12%, or 346 TWh, to 3,330 TWh. Electricity consumption increased by about 15% to 4,192 TWh. Pig iron and crude steel Mt is expected. In line with the new five-year plan, the Chinese government has targeted a growth rate of 8% for 2011. Production Coal production expanded further, rising by 500 Mt to 3,410 Mt in 2010. China has been restructuring its indigenous coal industry continuously for some years and intends to focus on thirteen so-called coal-production bases. Each base will produce more than 100 Mtpa for power generation. The restructuring is characterised by the integration of coal-fired power plants within 98 coal mining regions in China. The model is China’s largest coal company, Shenhua Group. The objective of the restructuring is to better steer coal prices and to optimise production structures. The number of small operations is also being reduced. According to official information, in total 1,693 smaller mines with a production capacity of 155 Mtpa were closed. In Shanxi province alone, the number of coal mines was reduced from 2,598 at the end of 2009 to 1,053 at the end of 2010. In total, this brought the number of small operations with an annual production of less than 300,000 tonnes down to less than 10,000. By the end of 2010, five gigantic state-owned coal producers were well established, each with a production capacity above 100 Mtpa. These include China Shenhua Group, China National Coal Group, Datong Coal Group, Shanxi Coking Coal Group and Chemical Industry Group. China’s objective is to have ten mega coal producing companies, each with a 100 Mtpa production capacity, and ten additional companies with a capacity of 50 to 100 Mtpa by 2015. The largest producer Shenhua Group alone produced compared with 2009. Coal stocks at power plants amounted to about 56 Mt at the end of 2010, sufficient for 15 days power generation. Coal Production in China 2008 Mt 2009 Mt 2010 Mt State-owned Mines 1,377 1,518 1,694 Provincial Mines 345 365 516 Small Operations 994 1,027 1,200 Total LB-T36 2,716 2,910 3,410 Hard coal output is to be increased further. At the projects with an annual production capacity of about 1.5 billion tonnes are under construction. As growth rates in the demand for electricity and steel remain high, coal production will presumably grow at an average rate of 150-200 Mtpa and will pass the 4 billion tonne mark in 2015. China’s coking capacity amounts to 400 Mtpa, with coke output in 2010 remaining relatively stable. Nevertheless, smaller coking plants are being closed as new plants come on stream, so that capacity is at least maintained.
Infrastructure China’s infrastructure is steadily being expanded, strongly supported by the economic stimulus programme that started in 2009. Shenhua Group alone announced that it wanted to invest about US$ 5.3 billion in 2011, of which 40% would be spent on railway and port infrastructure. Chinese railways transported about 1.5 billion tonnes of coal in 2010, almost 45% of total output. Expansion of the railway system is a great challenge for China because more and more coal must be transported from the north and west to the consumer centres in the south. China’s largest coal port, Quinhuangdao, handled 224 Mt of coal in 2010, overstretched beyond its capacity. Plans also exist to expand the capacity of the ports of Huanghua and Tianjin. Imports/Exports China’s import-export development in 2010 had a major effect on quantities and prices on the international hard coal market. China’s change from being a net exporter to a net importer of coal, first observed in 2009, continued. Chinese Import/Export Development Change 2009 2010 2009/2010 Mt Mt Mt Steam Coal Imports 92* 119* + 27 Coking Coal Imports 35 47 + 12 Total Imports 127 166 + 39 Steam Coal Exports 22* 18* - 4 Coking Coal/Coke Exports 1 4 + 3 Total Exports LB-T37 23 22 - 1 Additional imports of 39 Mt and 4 Mt less exports of steam coal influenced the world market by a net amount of 43 Mt. This provided some compensation to coal exporting countries for the weak demand for steam coal and coking coal in the Atlantic region during the first half of 2010. China’s total exports declined by 1 Mt to 22 Mt in 2010. Exports of steam coal fell further, by 4 Mt to 18 Mt (including anthracite), while exports of coking coal changed only minimally. The export of coke increased from 0.5 Mt in 2009 to 3.3 Mt in 2010. The largest customers for the sharply reduced exports of steam coal and coking coal were Mt). Chinese Coal Exports by Quality 2008 Mt 2009 Mt 2010 Mt Steam Coal 35.9 18.5 13.6 Coking Coal 3.5 0.6 1.1 Anthracite 6.1 3.2 4.2 Total 45.5 22.3 18.9 Coke LB-T38 12.1 0.5 3.3 China’s 31% increase in coal imports strongly influenced the world market. It was covered mainly Vietnam supplied 18 Mt of anthracite, largely to south-west China, and coal was also imported from the Atlantic region, including from the USA, Canada, Colombia and South Africa. 83
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ANNUAL REPORT 2011 Fakts and Trends
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Preamble - Environmentally-friendly
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Requirements of an Energy Policy to
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Global Economic Overview 21 st Worl
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caused by the resulting oil spill,
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Urbanization and Industrialization
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Coal remains the No. 1 source of en
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In 2010, hard coal output worldwide
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The current estimates of hard coal
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of world production was traded inte
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approximately 64 million tonnes to
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Pig iron production, which is relev
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producers and consumers. The contra
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driven downturn in 2009, the IEA pr
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abate or reduce emissions become mo
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Page 99 and 100: Hard Coal Export of Indonesia 1,000
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Page 113 and 114: Steam Coal Coking Coal 2009 2010 An
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