effect of infection of the filarial parasite brugia malayi - Pondicherry ...

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5. SUMMARY The effect of B.mala)ti infection on the host, M. natalensis on antioxidant defence mechanism and its relation to DEC treatment, membrane bound enzymes, testicular enzyme markers and histopathological changes were studied. The adult worms were found in lungs, testes and heart and absent in liver and brain. Lungs contained the maximum number of worms followed by testes and heart. The antioxidant enzymes, antioxidants and LPO were determined in liver, testes, brain, heart and lungs of the control and infected animals at various time intervals. Following B. malayi infection, LPO increased significantly from 0 to 120 days in liver, testes, brain and heart and decreased in lungs to significant levels. A negative correlation was observed between LPO and the activity of SODIcatalase in liver, testes, brain and heart and it was significant in liver and testes between SOD and LPO and in brain and heart between catalase and LPO. On the contrary, a positive and significant correlation was observed in lungs for SOD. In infected animals the antioxidant enzymes SOD and catalase increased initially in testes, brain and heart upto 30 days and declined thereafter, while in liver the activity increased significantly upto 60 days and declined later. In lungs, the enzyme activity showed significantly increasing trend throughout. A positive correlation was observed between the activity of SOD and catalase in liver, brain, heart and lungs and it was significant in brain and heart only. The GST activity decreased significantly from 60 days in testes, brain and heart, while the liver showed decreasing trend from 90 days only. And in lungs, it increased significantly from 60 to 120 days. A positive correlation was seen between the activity of GST and GSH in all the organs and it was significant in liver, testes and brain only. GR activity decreased significantly in liver, testes, brain and heart of the infected animals throughout the study period, while in lungs it showed an increasing trend from 30 days. G6PDH decreased significantly in liver, testes and heart h m 30 to 12$days, while in
ain, it decreased from 0 day itself. However, in lungs its activity increased significantly throughout. The activity of GRlG6PDH had a positive correlation with GSH in all the organs and it was significant in testes, brain and heart alone. GPx activity increased in testes, brain and heart upto 30 days and declined significantly thereafter, but liver showed a significant decline from 0 day itself. And in lungs, the activity increased from 30 days. There was a positive and significant correlation between the activity of GPx and GSH in all the organs. The reduced glutathione in liver, testes and heart of the infected animals showed a significant decrease in their activity from 30 to 120 days and in brain from 0 to 120 days. But, the lungs showed an increasing trend from 30 days to 120 days. A negative correlation was observed between the activity of GSH and LPO in all the organs and it was significant in liver, testes and heart. The total thiol level also showed significant decline in liver, testes and brain of the infected animals from 0 to 120 days and heart showed similar trend from 30 days only. However, in lungs significant increase was noticed. A significant and positive correlation was observed between the thiol status and GSH levels in all the organs. In the infected animals, ascorbic acid level decreased significantly throughout in testes and heart and in liver and brain, it decreased from 30 days only. However, in lungs significant increase was noticed from 30 days of infection. The ascorbic acid level and GSH activity had positive correlation in all the organs and it was significant in liver, testes, brain and heart alone. The enzymes SOD and catalase, which were sipficantly low in all the organs of the infected animals increased after DEC treatment except in testes. And in lungs, DEC treatment reduced the increased level of these enzymes to almost normal level. The glutathione related enzymes and antioxidants which were reduced during B. rnalayi infection were almost restored back to normal level after DEC treatment in liver,
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EFFECT OF INFECTION OF THE FILARIAL
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I wish to express my deep sense of
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1. INTRODUCTlON 2. REVIEW OF LlTERA
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As stated earlier, the host immune
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13 Testicular changes Testosterone
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2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Filariasis
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2.2 Clinical signs Inflammalation o
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the tegument by the release of thei
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the compound kills the filarial wor
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3. MATERIALS AND METHODS COLONY MAI
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Ragenb 1. Tris-HCI buffer . : 0.1 M
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3. Reduced glutathione : 30 mM To I
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4.1.1.6 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydro
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absorbance of the clear supernatant
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-eats I. Lowry's reagent :Solution
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4.1.2.1 Changes in antioxidant enzy
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Fig.3: Effect of B.malayi on SOD in
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Fig.9: Effect of B.rnalayi on GST i
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Fig.12: Effect of 6.rnalayi on GPx
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Fig. 18: Effect of B.malayi on G6PD
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12- 3 m- 15- lor, Fig.21: Effect of
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Fig.27: Effect of B.malayi on Ascor
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4.1.2.3 Change in the antioxidant e
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Fig.35: Effect of B.malayi on CAT i
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m 20 0) - 15 9 g 10 il! 5 0 Fig.39:
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30 25 8 - a 20 2 15 C I 10 I 5 0 35
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Fig.45: Effect of B.maiayi on GSH i
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Fig.49: Effect of B.malayi on Vit-C
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4.1.3 DISCUSSION 4.1 3.1.1 Toxic ox
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1973). The two major systems of LPO
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1981), and their increase in human
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1 0 Fig.58:Relationship between cha
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1 - 0- ' 1 5 - 6 - 7 - Fig.63:Relat
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Catalase had been reported to be re
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- Fig.68:Relationship between chang
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esults in its reduced activity (Con
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g 20- :I-. F1g.70:Relationship betw
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12, - I 0 U) Q 4 2 0 - + - Fig.75:R
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$ Fig.80:Relationship between chang
Page 83 and 84: Fig.85:Relationship between change
Page 85 and 86: V) (3 :; - Fig.9O:Relationship betw
Page 87 and 88: A reduction in the total thiol cont
Page 89 and 90: 2 5- Fig.98:Relationship between ch
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 103:Relationship between chang
Page 93 and 94: 4.2.1.1 N ay ATPase Reagents Nay AT
Page 95 and 96: Reagents 1. Acetylcholine bromide :
Page 97 and 98: To 1.5 ml of carbonate buffer, 1.5
Page 99 and 100: 4.2.1.10 Differential leucocyte cou
Page 101 and 102: increase in the control animals (Fi
Page 103 and 104: - Fig.110: Effect of 6. malayi on H
Page 105 and 106: efflux and thereby alter the membra
Page 107 and 108: with i n d lymphocytes and decrease
Page 109 and 110: Tubes were labeled for calibrators,
Page 111 and 112: Fig.114: Effect of B, malayi on GTP
Page 113 and 114: 433 DISCUSSION Testosterone is a se
Page 115 and 116: CHAPTER 4.4 HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANG
Page 117 and 118: Platc 2 Plate 3 Plate 4 Plate 5 Pla
Page 119 and 120: Platc X Plate 9 Plate 10 Plate 11 P
Page 121 and 122: Plate w: Section of Testes of norma
Page 123 and 124: 4.4.2.1.5 Brain The control animals
Page 126 and 127: Plate ICt Section of Kidney of infe
Page 128 and 129: 4.4.2.2 Histopathological changes i
Page 130 and 131: Plate 32
Page 132: The mf could not be seen in spleen
Page 137: inflammatory nature indicative of c
Page 141 and 142: BIBLIOGRAPHY Ackerman, S.J., Gleich
Page 143 and 144: Case, T., Leis, B., Witte, M., Way,
Page 145 and 146: Drabkin, D.L.R. and Austin, J.H. (1
Page 147 and 148: Fukuota, M., Zhou, Y. and Tanaka.(l
Page 149 and 150: Jacob, H.S. and Lux, S.E. (1968). D
Page 151 and 152: Linda, I. and Mayeda, B. (1974). Th
Page 153 and 154: Murray, H.W. (1981). Susceptibility
Page 155 and 156: Santiago- Stevenson, D., Oliver-Gon
Page 157 and 158: Tate, S.S., Thomson, G.A. and Meist
Page 159 and 160: Zaini, M., Ramachandran, C.P. and E
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effect of infection of the filarial parasite brugia malayi - Pondicherry ...

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