effect of infection of the filarial parasite brugia malayi - Pondicherry ...

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The method involves an accurate dilution of a measured quantity of blood with a fluid, which is isotonic with the blood, which will prevent coagulation. The RBC pipette was filled with blood to the 0.5 mark and the diluent was filled upto 101 mark to make it to 1 :200 dilution. The pipette was shaken for three minutes and the first two drops were discarded. The cover slip was placed on the haemocytometer counting chamber and a few drops of diluted blood were filled and left to settle for one minute and then counted under a light microscope. The total RBC was calculated using the following formula: RBC/cu.mm = cells counted x 5 (115 cm2 counted) x 10 (depth) x 200 (dilution factor). 4.2.1.9 Total leucocyte count Total leucocyte count was estimated by the haemocytometer method (Miale, 1972). Blood was diluted with a fluid that lyses the non-nucleated erythrocyte precursors. If the blood smear showed nucleated erythrocytes, the cell count was corrected to the true leucocyte count according to the following formula: Corrected count = Observed count x 100 100 + % nucleated erythrocytes The WBC pipette was filled to the 0.5 mark with blood and diluted to the 11 mark with I .Ph HCl. This made a 1:20 dilution. The pipette was shaken for three minutes and the lint two drops were discarded. The haemocytometer chamber was filled with diluted blood and left to settle for one minute. Lcucaytes present in the four large c ow squares (1 sq.mm each) were counted and calculated by tbe following formula: WBC/cu.mm = Cells counted x IOfdeotb) x 2Mdilution factor) 4(sq.mm. counted)
4.2.1.10 Differential leucocyte count (John, 1972). Reagents The leucocyte differential count was detenined by Leishman's staining method 1. Leishrnan's stain : 0.2 g of Leishman dye was dissolved in 100 ml of acetone free methanol at 50°C for 15 minutes with occasional swng, then cooled and filtered. 2. Buffered water : 0.066 M Sotenson's phosphate buffer was made upto 50 ml, pH 7.0 and mixed with 3.89 ml of KH2P04 (9.1 gm4) and 61.1 ml NazHPO4 (9.5 gm4) to I litre water A drop of blood was placed on a clean slide and a spreading slide was placed at an angle on the slide and moved forward to make a smear of 3-4 cm in length and air-dried. The slide was covered with stain for 2-3 minutes and the stain was diluted by adding drops of buffered water and left for 5-7 minutes. The slide was washed with water, dried and examined under a microscope. 4.2.2 RESULTS 4.2.2.1 Membrane bound enzymes of brain. The changes in the activity of the membrane bound e v e s of the brain are presented in the Figs. 105-107. The activ~ty of all the enzymes studied ( Nay ATPase, M ~ ATPase, ~ ' Ca2' ATPase, yGTP, acetylcholinesterase and alkaline phosphatase), increased continuously from day 0 to day 120 in the control animals, whereas in the B.malayi infected ones there was a significant (pC0.05) decrease from 60 days to 120 days. 43.2.2 Membrane bound enzymes of RBC The activity N~'K' ATPase, Ca2' ATPase and h4g" ATPase in the infected animals 1- slightly from 0 day to 30 days and d e d the~fter as aglost the continous
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EFFECT OF INFECTION OF THE FILARIAL
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I wish to express my deep sense of
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1. INTRODUCTlON 2. REVIEW OF LlTERA
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As stated earlier, the host immune
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13 Testicular changes Testosterone
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2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Filariasis
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2.2 Clinical signs Inflammalation o
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the tegument by the release of thei
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the compound kills the filarial wor
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3. MATERIALS AND METHODS COLONY MAI
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Ragenb 1. Tris-HCI buffer . : 0.1 M
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3. Reduced glutathione : 30 mM To I
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4.1.1.6 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydro
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absorbance of the clear supernatant
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-eats I. Lowry's reagent :Solution
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4.1.2.1 Changes in antioxidant enzy
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Fig.3: Effect of B.malayi on SOD in
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Fig.9: Effect of B.rnalayi on GST i
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Fig.12: Effect of 6.rnalayi on GPx
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Fig. 18: Effect of B.malayi on G6PD
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12- 3 m- 15- lor, Fig.21: Effect of
Page 47 and 48: Fig.27: Effect of B.malayi on Ascor
Page 49 and 50: 4.1.2.3 Change in the antioxidant e
Page 51 and 52: Fig.35: Effect of B.malayi on CAT i
Page 53 and 54: m 20 0) - 15 9 g 10 il! 5 0 Fig.39:
Page 55 and 56: 30 25 8 - a 20 2 15 C I 10 I 5 0 35
Page 57 and 58: Fig.45: Effect of B.maiayi on GSH i
Page 59 and 60: Fig.49: Effect of B.malayi on Vit-C
Page 61 and 62: 4.1.3 DISCUSSION 4.1 3.1.1 Toxic ox
Page 63 and 64: 1973). The two major systems of LPO
Page 65 and 66: 1981), and their increase in human
Page 67 and 68: 1 0 Fig.58:Relationship between cha
Page 69 and 70: 1 - 0- ' 1 5 - 6 - 7 - Fig.63:Relat
Page 71 and 72: Catalase had been reported to be re
Page 73 and 74: - Fig.68:Relationship between chang
Page 75 and 76: esults in its reduced activity (Con
Page 77 and 78: g 20- :I-. F1g.70:Relationship betw
Page 79 and 80: 12, - I 0 U) Q 4 2 0 - + - Fig.75:R
Page 81 and 82: $ Fig.80:Relationship between chang
Page 83 and 84: Fig.85:Relationship between change
Page 85 and 86: V) (3 :; - Fig.9O:Relationship betw
Page 87 and 88: A reduction in the total thiol cont
Page 89 and 90: 2 5- Fig.98:Relationship between ch
Page 91 and 92: Fig. 103:Relationship between chang
Page 93 and 94: 4.2.1.1 N ay ATPase Reagents Nay AT
Page 95 and 96: Reagents 1. Acetylcholine bromide :
Page 97: To 1.5 ml of carbonate buffer, 1.5
Page 101 and 102: increase in the control animals (Fi
Page 103 and 104: - Fig.110: Effect of 6. malayi on H
Page 105 and 106: efflux and thereby alter the membra
Page 107 and 108: with i n d lymphocytes and decrease
Page 109 and 110: Tubes were labeled for calibrators,
Page 111 and 112: Fig.114: Effect of B, malayi on GTP
Page 113 and 114: 433 DISCUSSION Testosterone is a se
Page 115 and 116: CHAPTER 4.4 HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANG
Page 117 and 118: Platc 2 Plate 3 Plate 4 Plate 5 Pla
Page 119 and 120: Platc X Plate 9 Plate 10 Plate 11 P
Page 121 and 122: Plate w: Section of Testes of norma
Page 123 and 124: 4.4.2.1.5 Brain The control animals
Page 126 and 127: Plate ICt Section of Kidney of infe
Page 128 and 129: 4.4.2.2 Histopathological changes i
Page 130 and 131: Plate 32
Page 132: The mf could not be seen in spleen
Page 135 and 136: ain, it decreased from 0 day itself
Page 137: inflammatory nature indicative of c
Page 141 and 142: BIBLIOGRAPHY Ackerman, S.J., Gleich
Page 143 and 144: Case, T., Leis, B., Witte, M., Way,
Page 145 and 146: Drabkin, D.L.R. and Austin, J.H. (1
Page 147 and 148: Fukuota, M., Zhou, Y. and Tanaka.(l
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Jacob, H.S. and Lux, S.E. (1968). D
Page 151 and 152:
Linda, I. and Mayeda, B. (1974). Th
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Murray, H.W. (1981). Susceptibility
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Santiago- Stevenson, D., Oliver-Gon
Page 157 and 158:
Tate, S.S., Thomson, G.A. and Meist
Page 159 and 160:
Zaini, M., Ramachandran, C.P. and E
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