private and public use of the living room - Bilkent University

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house (Bachelard, 1969). On the other hand, Bourdieu (1977) claims that binary oppositions in the house vary with culture. He has examined the Kabylia culture and revealed that the ground level of the house where people get together is the part of malehood and the other rooms where dwellers sleep are the parts of femalehood. He also states that the Kabyle “…house is organized according to a set of homologous oppositions- fire, water; cooked, raw; high, low; light, shade; day, night; male, female…” (p. 90). Altman and Gauvain (1981) have examined “the idea of dialectics” through the conceptions of physical and psychological aspects in relation with history of different cultures (p. 284). They have defined three features of dialectics as; …1. The world, universe, and human affairs involve various oppositional tensions. … 2. … oppositional processes function as a unified system. Oppositional poles help define one another, and without such contrasts neither would have meaning. … 3. … the relationships between opposites are dynamic; changes occur over time and with circumstances (pp. 285- 286). Influenced by dialectics, Altman and Gauvain (1981) have defined the oppositional poles of houses as; “identity/ communality” and “accessibility/ inaccessibility” dialectics (pp. 288 – 289). Based on “the idea of dialectics”, Korosec- Serfaty (1984) states that house is a unified entity in which rooms complement each other by oppositions “…on a spatial level (upstairs/ downstairs; front/ back; right/ left); a psychological level (clean/ dirty); a level of uses (tidy/ untidy); and on a social level (private/ public)…” (p. 304). 12
Previous studies indicate that examining rooms in the house with binary oppositions is not enough to explain such a complex relationship (Rechavi, 2004). Thus, the current study employs the opposition of public and private not for the house as a whole but, for a single room (the living room) in order to examine the activities that are performed in that particular room. After mentioning the previous studies about home and its specific rooms in relation with binary oppositions, the functions of rooms of the house in different cultures are examined. According to a study that examines the home model of Italian society, three basic house types are; “(1) bourgeois traditional, (2) popular traditional, and (3) modern” (Giuliani, 1987, p. 182). The bourgeois traditional house is constructed on the opposition of “…private part of the home, not in view to strangers, and a reception part, designed to receive guests” (p. 183). Besides, this type of a house contains mono- functionality of rooms which means assigning a single function to one room when possible. In bourgeois traditional Italian house there is a separate family room- “tinello (den) or soggiorno” (p. 183)- in which family members eat and spend their day (see Figure 2.1 for a soggiorno). In addition to the family room, there is a separate living room which is the reception area for the guests. In the popular traditional house, the main rooms are kitchen and bedroom. The social interaction with the outsiders takes place not in the parlor- “salotto” (p. 184)- but in the dining room- “stanza da pranzo” (p. 184) (see Figure 2.2 for a salotto). The dining room is used for special occasions “… such as baptisms, weddings and holiday dinners” and the family spend their daily life in the kitchen. 13
Page 1: PRIVATE AND PUBLIC USE OF THE LIVIN
Page 4 and 5: ÖZET EVLERDE SALONUN ÖZEL VE GENE
Page 6 and 7: TABLE OF CONTENTS SIGNATURE PAGE ..
Page 8 and 9: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1. Soggior
Page 10 and 11: Figure 3.23. The relationship betwe
Page 12 and 13: Figure C.29. Photograph of a living
Page 14 and 15: Table B.15. Independent samples t-
Page 16 and 17: home, the understanding of the term
Page 18 and 19: The psychological context of the ho
Page 20 and 21: that is imbued with these instances
Page 22 and 23: Besides their meaning as a reflecti
Page 24 and 25: private uses of the living rooms ar
Page 28 and 29: Lastly, the modern type of a house
Page 30 and 31: Altman and Gauvain (1981) explain t
Page 32 and 33: Figure 2.5. The living area in trad
Page 34 and 35: 2.3. Living Room as a Reflection of
Page 36 and 37: understanding, clustering and dispe
Page 38 and 39: Table 2.1. Factors affecting the us
Page 40 and 41: 2004). She (2004) also defines anot
Page 42 and 43: The housewife who continually rearr
Page 44 and 45: the house defines the number of roo
Page 46 and 47: of guests occurred in one room. In
Page 48 and 49: The main focus of the study is to e
Page 50 and 51: elements in the living rooms. Activ
Page 52 and 53: Table 3.1. Distribution of age Age
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3.2. Location of Angora Evle
Page 56 and 57: As the research area of the thesis,
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3.6. Basement and ground flo
Page 60 and 61: music, eating, reading newspapers,
Page 62 and 63: The intentions for the interior des
Page 64 and 65: Number of Private Living Room Activ
Page 66 and 67: Frequency of Living Room Use Every
Page 68 and 69: Number of Houses 18 16 14 12 10 8 6
Page 70 and 71: Number of Houses Few Days in a Moun
Page 72 and 73: family rooms, intentions related to
Page 74 and 75: Therefore, it can be said that the
Page 76 and 77:
activities and hosting guests. In t
Page 78 and 79:
indicates that older respondents sp
Page 80 and 81:
Interestingly, the wife of that res
Page 82 and 83:
The person whose identity is reflec
Page 84 and 85:
25 20 15 10 Aesthetical Objects Exi
Page 86 and 87:
female respondents. Previous studie
Page 88 and 89:
Figure 3.27. Photograph of a Living
Page 90 and 91:
Figure 3.30. Photograph of a living
Page 92 and 93:
Figure 3.33. Photograph of a living
Page 94 and 95:
then the objects in the living room
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espondents designed their living ro
Page 98 and 99:
Cromley, E. C. (1990). Alone togeth
Page 100 and 101:
Rybczynski, W. (1987). Home: A shor
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12- Salonunuzu oluştururken nelerd
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14- What changes do you plan to mak
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Table B.4. Intentions related to fu
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Table B.11. Time spent in the house
Page 110 and 111:
Table B.15. Independent samples t-
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Table B.18. Gender vs. The person w
Page 114 and 115:
Table B.22. Aesthetical objects vs.
Page 116 and 117:
Figure C.4. Photograph of a living
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
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