2003 Louisiana Vital Statistics Report - Louisiana Department of ...

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INFANT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 2003 LOUISIANA VITAL STATISTICS REPORT Page 106 Louisiana Office of Public Health, State Center for Health Statistics
2003 LOUISIANA VITAL STATISTICS REPORT INFANT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY INFANT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY INTRODUCTION Purpose of Infant Mortality and Maternal Mortality Surveillance The rate of infant deaths, i.e., deaths to babies between birth and 1 year of age, is a basic measure of the health of a population. High infant mortality rates reflect unmet medical care needs and unfavorable environmental, economic, nutritional, educational, and sanitation conditions. Infant mortality surveillance is used to identify factors that place infants at high risk of death, so that medical, social, and economic interventions can be directed more effectively to reduce the risk. An increased risk of infant death is related to a number of factors, including extremes in maternal age at birth (under 19 or over 40 years), fewer than 2 years between births, birth under conditions of poor maternal health or nutrition, and use of chemical toxins such as alcohol, drugs, and cigarettes during pregnancy. Many of these factors are also associated with low birthweight. After the first month of life, poor infant nutrition, poor hygiene, and infectious diseases all increase the risk of infant mortality. Maternal mortality is defined as deaths from puerperal causes, i.e., complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the period after childbirth. These deaths can be related to previously existing maternal health problems, or they can occur from acute conditions arising during pregnancy, labor, or delivery. Such deaths are influenced not only by access to and adequacy of a woman’s obstetric care, but also by her age, nutritional status, and socioeconomic level. Comparisons of maternal mortality rates among populations help identify pregnant women at risk of dying from complications of pregnancy or childbirth so that proactive measures (e.g., education, nutritional supplementation) can be taken to minimize the risk. Source of Data: Death Certificates Infant mortality information presented in this report is gathered from data recorded on the Certificate of Death for deaths that occurred to infants born to Louisiana residents during the 2003 calendar year. Maternal mortality data are also collected from the Certificate of Death. Data are recorded on death certificates by funeral directors, who solicit demographic information from available next of kin, and by physicians or coroners, who record information on time, place, and cause of death. Louisiana law requires that funeral directors send death certificates to the Vital Records Registry within five days of occurrence, and that the identities of persons included in the death registry be kept confidential. Death statistics are compiled in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) regulations, which require member nations to classify causes of death according to the revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD) in effect at the time of death. Deaths that occurred in 2003 are coded in accordance with the tenth revision (ICD-10). All of the causes of death described in this report are underlying causes of death, defined as the disease or injury that initiated the sequence of events leading to death. Secondary causes of death, which also are recorded on the death certificate, are not presented in this report. Louisiana Office of Public Health, State Center for Health Statistics Page 107
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INTRODUCTION 2003 LOUISIANA VITAL S
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FIGURES 2002 LOUISIANA VITAL STATIS
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AVAILABILITY OF ADDITIONAL INFORMAT
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