Joint Operating Concept (JOC) - GlobalSecurity.org

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oundaries and other political, economic, and tribal fault lines in order to seek sanctuary from conventional military capabilities. • The Inherent Political Nature of IW. All wars are fought for political purposes, but the political element of IW permeates its conduct down to the lowest tactical level. At its roots, IW is “local politics with guns.” Influencing governments and populations is a complex and inherently political activity, no matter what methods are used. While the US military has historically dedicated the vast majority of its resources to the tactical arena, the IW adversary views the conflict from the opposite perspective and places emphasis on the political nature of the conflict. 18 In IW, military leaders need to think politically as well as militarily, and their civilian counterparts need to think militarily as well as politically. • Direct Applications of Military Power are Often Counterproductive in IW. An additional paradox for the JFC is that the use of direct military power or military intervention frequently detracts from the legitimacy of the host nation (HN) we are trying to support. While external forces can quell instability and achieve a level of security, they often do so at the expense of HN legitimacy and credibility. The need to stabilize a threatened society and establish short-term security may conflict with the need to create and sustain a stable and enduring political order. 18 Barno, David W., “Challenges in Fighting a Global Insurgency,” Parameters, Summer 2006. 18
4. The Solution Ends: Friendly political authority and influence over host population are secured and adversary control, influence, and support are denied. Ways: (This is the central idea of this concept.) The joint force will conduct protracted regional and global campaigns against state and non-state adversaries to subvert, coerce, attrite, and exhaust adversaries rather than defeating them through direct conventional military confrontation. IW emphasizes winning the support of the relevant populations, promoting friendly political authority, and eroding adversary control, influence, and support. Unified action by the USG and its strategic partners is essential to winning an irregular war or campaign. While the direct application of military power may not be the primary means of winning IW, joint forces will often be required to support non-military instruments of power and set the conditions for strategic success. Means: Fully integrated US and partner conventional and nonconventional forces and capabilities. The key elements of the central idea are: • Using indirect approaches • Conducting protracted IW campaigns • Conducting campaigns on a regional or global scale • Focusing on the will of the people • Employing unified action Supporting ideas are: • Establishing a persistent presence for IW o Protracted intelligence preparation of the environment o Protracted operational preparation of the environment • Establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships to support IW • Expanding the role of general purpose forces to support and execute IW • Creating alternative command and control mechanisms for conducting and supporting IW 4.a. The Key Elements of the Central Idea The following paragraphs describe each element of the central idea. Indirect Approaches. The term “indirect approach” has multiple applications within the context of IW: 19
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• Depose the current government o
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Appendix E • Objective. HN regime
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Red Elements. Country C. • Object
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TABLES TO BE USED WITH THE VIGNETTE
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The following table provides focus
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• JFCs must understand how to max
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in IW operations. This must include
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Appendix G - A Historical Look at I
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other conflict was predominantly an
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neither spoke Korean nor understood
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adaptability of joint special opera
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As the “long war” enters its in
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“…What would appear to make mos
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