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Figure 183: A recent maintenance intervention at the MTP5radiometer – a microwave source
for scanning angle’s alignment – (F. Scanzani c○ 2009 by kind permission of ISCAC CNR
Rome, Italy))
teorological station were used. Because of the strong influence of the radiation heating during
the summer a shade-screen was installed in the near proximity of the instrument (Argentini
et al., 2006).
One of the advantages of the MPT-5P is its continuity in acquiring data under all meteorological
conditions, which allows to obtain time series and time-height cross sections of
temperature. The MTP-5P recorded continuous measurements of the atmospheric boundary
layer temperature profiles above the Antarctic plateau for the first time and made possible
to calculate some parameters of the temperature inversion such as the height of elevated
inversion base, the inversion depth and temperature difference across the inversion.
Referring to Figure 184, as an example, the temperature time series between 0 and 240 m
for 12 December 2002 at Dome C. The lower surface temperature is reached at 06:30 Local
Time (LT). From 01:00 until 10:00 LT inversion conditions prevail, with a stronger inversion
at 07:00 LT. Between 09:30 and 11:00 LT neutral conditions are observed in the transition
between the stable and the convective boundary layer. A narrow convective boundary layer is
observed between 10:30 LT and 17:00 LT. Inversion conditions are present after this moment.
Figure 185 shows the temperature profile during stable (a) and (b), neutral (c), and unstable
(d) thermal conditions for the same day. The lapse rate at 06:30 LT (Figure 185(b)) is
about 2.5 ◦ C/100 m. In Figure 186 the temperature behavior (top part of the figure) and the
temperature cross section (bottom figure) during all field experiment are given (Argentini
et al., 2006).
14.7 Summary
This chapter presents a general overview of physical fundamentals, measurement techniques
and temperature profile retrieval methodology supported by a ground based microwave radiometry
to derive meteorological temperature profiles. As case study is presented of a single
channel multi angular scanning radiometer developed by Attex and Kipp&Zonen on request
of the Italian ISAC CNR for the measure of the temperature profile in Antarctica.
From the concept of an ideal black body and Kickoff’s law, it is known that the emission
from a black body depends on its temperature and that the higher the temperature of the
DTU Wind Energy-E-Report-0029(EN) 271