md0006 - BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY.pdf - Raems.com
md0006 - BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY.pdf - Raems.com
md0006 - BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY.pdf - Raems.com
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 7<br />
1. Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the cells of the<br />
body. (para 7-1a)<br />
2. External respiration is the exchange of gases between the air in the lungs and<br />
blood. (para 7-1a)<br />
3. Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the individual<br />
cells of the body. (para 7-1a)<br />
4. Breathing is the process that moves air into and out of the lungs. It is a<br />
mechanical process. (para 7-1b)<br />
5. In costal breathing, the major structure causing movement of the air is the rib<br />
cage. (para 7-1b)<br />
6. In diaphragmatic breathing, air movement is caused by interaction between the<br />
diaphragm and the abdominal wall. (para 7-1b)<br />
7. The <strong>com</strong>ponents of the human respiratory system consist of air passageways and<br />
two lungs. Air moves from the outside of the body into tiny sacs in the lungs called<br />
alveoli. (para 7-2a)<br />
8. The main subdivisions of the respiratory system may be identified by their relationship<br />
to the larynx (voice box). The subdivisions are as follows: supralaryngeal<br />
structures, the larynx, and infralaryngeal structures. (para 7-2b)<br />
9. The functions of the supralaryngeal structures are to cleanse, warm, moisten, and<br />
test inflowing air. (para 7-2b)<br />
10. The functions of the larynx are to control the volume of the inflowing air and to<br />
produce selected pitch (vibration frequency). (para 7-2b)<br />
11. The function of the infralaryngeal structures is to distribute air to the alveoli of the<br />
lung. Here, actual external respiration takes place. (para 7-2b)<br />
12. The external nose is supported primarily by cartilages. (para 7-3a)<br />
13. The two nasal chambers are separated by the nasal septum. The walls of the<br />
nasal chambers are lined with a membrane known as the mucoperiosteum.<br />
Scroll-like extensions, which increase the surface area of the lateral walls, are<br />
known as conchae. Sensory endings for the sense of smell are found in the<br />
olfactory epithelium. Air "cells" or cavities in the skull are known as paranasal<br />
sinuses. (para 7-3b)<br />
MD0006 7-14