md0006 - BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY.pdf - Raems.com

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79. The simplest and lowest level of control is the . Producing wider reactions to stimuli are s reflexes. A number of nuclei in the hindbrain monitor and control v l functions of the body, including r and h b . The facilitatory and inhibitory areas of the reticular formation monitor and control general body functions, including . The thalamus is a primary relay for information going to and from the and . One of the most important integrators of motor activity of the body is the . 80. In humans, the highest level of control is in the . Here, we can clearly designate three levels of control: a. The first level is concerned with activities of the body, as related to , fear, and other emotions. b. At the second level, activities of the body are s d and repetitive in nature. An example is the sequence of muscle actions involved in w ing. c. At the third level, brand new solutions can be created. This is the v level. Check Your Answers on Next Page MD0006 11-51
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 11 1. Two types of nervous tissues are neurons (nerve cells) and glia (neuroglia). The neuron is the basic structural unit of the nervous system. The glia are cells of supporting tissue for the nervous system. (para 11-1) 2. Nervous tissues are specialized to: a. Receive stimuli. b. Transmit information. c. Store information. (para 11-2) 3. A neuron is a nerve cell body and all of its processes. (para 11-3) 4. A dendrite carries impulses toward the cell body. (para 11-5a) 5. An axon is a neuron process which transmits information from the cell body to the next unit. (para 11-5b) 6. More than two poles: multipolar neuron. Two poles: bipolar neuron. One pole: unipolar neuron. (para 11-6a) 7. Thickest: A. Medium: B. Thinnest: C. (para 11-6b) 8. From receptor organs to the CNS: sensory neurons. From the CNS to muscles and glands: motor neurons. From one neuron to another: interneurons. (para 11-6c) 9. The term "continuity without contact" refers to the fact that neurons do not actually touch. Thus, there is no electrical transmission of impulses from one neuron to the next. In fact, information is transferred across the synaptic cleft by chemicals called neurotransmitters. (para 11-7) 10. A synapse is a "connection" between two neurons. An axon terminates in tiny branches. At the end of each branch is a terminal bulb. Neurotransmitters are stored in bundles called synaptic vesicles located within each terminal bulb. The presynaptic membrane is the thickened layer of the terminal bulb which faces the synaptic cleft and through which pass the neurotransmitters before entering the synaptic cleft. The synaptic cleft is the space between the terminal bulb of the first neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the second neuron. The postsynaptic membrane is that portion of the membrane of the second neuron which lies near the terminal bulb of the first neuron. (para 11-7a) MD0006 11-52
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U. S. ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT CENTE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Lesson Paragraphs
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9 THE HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR AND LYMP
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MD0006 v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figu
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MD0006 vii LIST OF TABLES Table Pag
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Material Furnished: In addition to
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LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 1 Introduc
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terminology. Accountants have debit
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. Head and Neck. The brain, eyes, e
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Figure 1-2. Anatomical position and
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1-11. NAMES a. Names are chosen to
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d. Mitochondria (Plural). Mitochond
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5. What is a cell? 6. What is a tis
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15. In figure 1-6, three points are
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18. In figure 1-8, parts of a "typi
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14. a. Midsagittal or median plane.
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2-1. DEFINITION LESSON 2 TISSUES OF
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d. Functions. According to its loca
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. Types of Bone Tissues. There are
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Figure 2-4. A neuron. Figure 2-5. A
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8. Characteristic cells of fibrous
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SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 2 1.
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LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 3 The Huma
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3-2. COVERINGS OF THE HUMAN BODY Th
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3-6. GLANDS The types of glands inc
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3-13. BURSA a. A bursa (figure 3-3)
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EXERCISES, LESSON 3 REQUIREMENT. Th
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16. The term serous refers to a . S
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13. Sebaceous glands produce an oil
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MD0006 4-2 4-13. Describe the gener
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Section II. BONE AS AN INDIVIDUAL O
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4-5. DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDIVIDUAL B
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Example: The frontal bone. (The fro
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d. Capsule. The "typical" synovial
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(2) In the plane joint, the contact
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Figure 4-3B. Posterior view of the
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(d) The sacrum, which is a bony fus
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Figure 4-6. The human skull (front
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PART UPPER MEMBER LOWER MEMBER GIRD
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Figure 4-8. The human scapula and c
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Figure 4-10. The human hand. Figure
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Figure 4-13. The human foot. MD0006
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7. In the early fetus, bones are pr
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17. Name and define the two major s
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19. The regions of the vertebral co
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5-1. MUSCLE TISSUES LESSON 5 THE HU
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Figure 5-1. Skeletal and facial mus
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a. Trunk Musculature. The trunk mus
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. Sesamoid bones, such as the patel
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6-1. GENERAL LESSON 6 THE HUMAN DIG
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a. Teeth. Figure 6-2. Anatomy of th
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6-4. PHARYNX The pharynx (pronounce
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common bile duct. The common bile d
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14. The texture of the pancreas is
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10. The process of digestion is fac
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7-1. INTRODUCTION LESSON 7 THE HUMA
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SUBDIVISION FUNCTION (1) SUPRALARYN
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(2) Oropharynx. The portion of the
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Figure 7-4. Infralaryngeal structur
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7-8. DIAPHRAGMATIC (ABDOMINAL) BREA
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9. The functions of the supralaryng
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8-3. THE KIDNEY a. General. (1) The
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the cortex layer, it once again bec
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eginning of an embryo (the process
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(2) Wall structure. The inner linin
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Figure 8-5. The human male genital
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(1) Surrounding the urethra is a ce
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8. The first coiled portion of the
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21. The external genitalia of the h
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19. The inner lining of the uterus
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LESSON 9 THE HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR A
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(1) Red blood cells (erythrocytes).
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(1) The arteries carry blood away f
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(3) Relationship of wall thickness
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ecome closed for whatever reason, t
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Figure 9-5. Main arteries of the hu
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Figure 9-6. Main veins of the human
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a. Lymphatic Capillaries. Lymphatic
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5. The most common types of white b
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18. In the case of collateral circu
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15. The coronary arteries supply "n
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LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 10 The Hum
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. The Endocrine System. In the huma
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e. Of the many hormones produced by
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hormones are involved in the mobili
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5. The pituitary body is a small -s
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SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 10 1
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Page 195 and 196: MD0006 11-2 11-12. Define periphera
Page 197 and 198: 11-5. NEURON PROCESSES Figure 11-1.
Page 199 and 200: a. The Synapse. A synapse (figure 1
Page 201 and 202: system (ANS). The CNS is made up of
Page 203 and 204: Figure 11-5B. Human brain (bottom v
Page 205 and 206: d. Ventricles. Within the brain, th
Page 207 and 208: Figure 11-7. A schematic diagram of
Page 209 and 210: (1) Cranial nerves. The 12 pairs of
Page 211 and 212: (4) Visceral motor neurons of the A
Page 213 and 214: organ. The cell bodies of the secon
Page 215 and 216: (2) Motor pathways. A motor pathway
Page 217 and 218: 11-26. GENERAL Section IX. THE SPEC
Page 219 and 220: c. Internal Structures of the Eyeba
Page 221 and 222: (5) Iris. Another structure formed
Page 223 and 224: 11-30. GENERAL Section X. THE SPECI
Page 225 and 226: 11-33. THE INTERNAL EAR a. Labyrint
Page 227 and 228: Figure 11-14. Diagram of the scalae
Page 229 and 230: 11-36. SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS (FIGURE 1
Page 231 and 232: f. Cerebellum. The cerebellum has b
Page 233 and 234: 7. Each item below refers to the th
Page 235 and 236: 18. Groups of related functions are
Page 237 and 238: 30. If it carries information from
Page 239 and 240: 46. Name examples of general senses
Page 241 and 242: 61. The orbit is the cavity in the
Page 243: 73. The central column of the cochl
Page 247 and 248: 19. The ventricles of the brain are
Page 249 and 250: 34. In the ANS, the number of neuro
Page 251 and 252: 52. The outermost layer of the eyeb
Page 253 and 254: ossicles are: malleus, incus, and s
Page 255: COMMENT SHEET SUBCOURSE MD0006 Basi
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