md0006 - BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY.pdf - Raems.com

14. That portion of the pharynx specifically related to the respiratory system is the
nasopharynx. It is the portion of the pharynx above the soft palate. (para 7-3c(1))
15. During swallowing, food is prevented from entering the larynx by the epiglottis.
(para 7-3c(2))
16. In the larynx, one set of muscles regulates the volume of air passing through the
trachea by controlling the size of the glottis. Another set of muscles produces
selected frequencies (variations in pitch) by controlling the tension of the vocal
cords. (para 7-4b)
17. The trunk of the respiratory tree is called the trachea. The branches are called the
bronchi. (para 7-5a)
18. Alveoli are tiny spherical sacs in the lungs. They are the site of external
respiration. (para 7-5b)
19. A lung is an individual organ composed of tubular structures and alveoli bound
together by fibrous connective tissue. (para 7-5c)
20. The pleural cavities allow the lungs to move freely with a minimum of friction
during the expansion and contraction of breathing. (para 7-5d)
21. In both costal and diaphragmatic breathing, inhalation depends upon an increase
in lung volume. The diameters increased in costal breathing are from right to left
(transverse) and from front to back (A-P). The diameter increased in
diaphragmatic breathing is vertical (depth). (paras 7-7a, 7-8a)
End of Lesson 7
MD0006 7-15