md0006 - BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY.pdf - Raems.com

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Figure 8-4. The human female genital system. b. Uterus. The uterus is the site where all but the first few days of embryo development takes place. After eight weeks of embryonic development, it is known as the fetus. (1) Main subdivisions. The uterus is shaped like a pear, with the stem (cervix) facing downward and toward the rear. The fundus is the portion of the uterus above the openings of the uterine tubes. The main part, or body, is the portion between the cervix and the fundus. The uterus usually leans forward with the body slightly curved as it passes over the top of the urinary bladder. The cervix opens into the upper end of the vagina. MD0006 8-8
(2) Wall structure. The inner lining of the uterus is called the endometrium. Made up of epithelium, it is well supplied with blood vessels and glands. The muscular wall of the uterus is called the myometrium. In the body of the uterus, the muscular tissue is in a double spiral arrangement. In the cervix, it is in a circular arrangement. (3) Age differences. The uterus of an infant female is undeveloped. During puberty, the uterus develops. The uterus of an adult is fully developed. The uterus of an old woman is reduced in size and nonfunctional. c. Vagina. The vagina is a tubular canal connecting the cervix of the uterus with the outside. It serves as a birth canal and as an organ of copulation. It is capable of stretching during childbirth. The lower opening of the vagina may be partially closed by a thin membrane known as the hymen. d. External Genitalia. Other terms for the external genitals of the human female are vulva and pudendum. Included are the: (1) Mons pubis. The mons pubis is a mound of fat tissue covered with skin and hair in front of the symphysis pubis (the joint of the pubic bones). (2) Labia majora. Extending back from the mons pubis and encircling the vestibule (discussed below) are two folds known as the labia majora. Their construction is similar to the mons pubis, including fatty tissue and skin. The outer surfaces are covered with hair. The inner surfaces are moist and smooth. The corresponding structure in the male is the scrotum. LABIA = lips (LABIUM, singular) (3) Labia minora. The labia minora are two folds of skin lying within the labia majora and also enclosing the vestibule. In front, each labium minus (minus = singular of minora) divides into two folds. The fold above the clitoris (discussed below) is called the prepuce of the clitoris. The fold below is the frenulum. (4) Clitoris. The clitoris is a small projection of sensitive erectile tissue which corresponds to the male penis. However, the female urethra does not pass through the clitoris. (5) Vestibule. The cleft between the labia minora and behind the clitoris is called the vestibule. It includes the urethral opening in front and the vaginal opening slightly to the rear. e. Pregnancy and Delivery. When an embryo forms an attachment to the endometrium, a pregnancy exists. The attachment eventually forms a placenta, an organ joining mother and offspring for such purposes as nutrition of the offspring. The fetal membranes surround the developing individual (fetus) and are filled with amniotic fluid. MD0006 8-9
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U. S. ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT CENTE
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Lesson Paragraphs
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9 THE HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR AND LYMP
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MD0006 v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figu
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MD0006 vii LIST OF TABLES Table Pag
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Material Furnished: In addition to
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LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 1 Introduc
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terminology. Accountants have debit
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. Head and Neck. The brain, eyes, e
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Figure 1-2. Anatomical position and
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1-11. NAMES a. Names are chosen to
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d. Mitochondria (Plural). Mitochond
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5. What is a cell? 6. What is a tis
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15. In figure 1-6, three points are
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18. In figure 1-8, parts of a "typi
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14. a. Midsagittal or median plane.
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2-1. DEFINITION LESSON 2 TISSUES OF
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d. Functions. According to its loca
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. Types of Bone Tissues. There are
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Figure 2-4. A neuron. Figure 2-5. A
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8. Characteristic cells of fibrous
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SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 2 1.
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LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 3 The Huma
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3-2. COVERINGS OF THE HUMAN BODY Th
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3-6. GLANDS The types of glands inc
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3-13. BURSA a. A bursa (figure 3-3)
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EXERCISES, LESSON 3 REQUIREMENT. Th
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16. The term serous refers to a . S
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13. Sebaceous glands produce an oil
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MD0006 4-2 4-13. Describe the gener
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Section II. BONE AS AN INDIVIDUAL O
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4-5. DEVELOPMENT OF AN INDIVIDUAL B
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Example: The frontal bone. (The fro
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d. Capsule. The "typical" synovial
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(2) In the plane joint, the contact
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Figure 4-3B. Posterior view of the
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(d) The sacrum, which is a bony fus
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Figure 4-6. The human skull (front
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PART UPPER MEMBER LOWER MEMBER GIRD
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Figure 4-8. The human scapula and c
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Figure 4-10. The human hand. Figure
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Figure 4-13. The human foot. MD0006
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7. In the early fetus, bones are pr
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17. Name and define the two major s
Page 89 and 90: SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 4 1.
Page 91 and 92: 19. The regions of the vertebral co
Page 93 and 94: 5-1. MUSCLE TISSUES LESSON 5 THE HU
Page 95 and 96: Figure 5-1. Skeletal and facial mus
Page 97 and 98: a. Trunk Musculature. The trunk mus
Page 99 and 100: . Sesamoid bones, such as the patel
Page 101 and 102: EXERCISES, LESSON 5 REQUIREMENT. Th
Page 105 and 106: 6-1. GENERAL LESSON 6 THE HUMAN DIG
Page 107 and 108: a. Teeth. Figure 6-2. Anatomy of th
Page 109 and 110: 6-4. PHARYNX The pharynx (pronounce
Page 111 and 112: common bile duct. The common bile d
Page 113 and 114: EXERCISES, LESSON 6 REQUIREMENT. Th
Page 115 and 116: 14. The texture of the pancreas is
Page 117 and 118: 10. The process of digestion is fac
Page 119 and 120: 7-1. INTRODUCTION LESSON 7 THE HUMA
Page 121 and 122: SUBDIVISION FUNCTION (1) SUPRALARYN
Page 123 and 124: (2) Oropharynx. The portion of the
Page 125 and 126: Figure 7-4. Infralaryngeal structur
Page 127 and 128: 7-8. DIAPHRAGMATIC (ABDOMINAL) BREA
Page 129 and 130: 9. The functions of the supralaryng
Page 133 and 134: LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 8 The Huma
Page 135 and 136: 8-3. THE KIDNEY a. General. (1) The
Page 137 and 138: the cortex layer, it once again bec
Page 139: eginning of an embryo (the process
Page 143 and 144: Figure 8-5. The human male genital
Page 145 and 146: (1) Surrounding the urethra is a ce
Page 147 and 148: 8. The first coiled portion of the
Page 149 and 150: 21. The external genitalia of the h
Page 153 and 154: 19. The inner lining of the uterus
Page 155 and 156: LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 9 The Huma
Page 157 and 158: LESSON 9 THE HUMAN CARDIOVASCULAR A
Page 159 and 160: (1) Red blood cells (erythrocytes).
Page 161 and 162: (1) The arteries carry blood away f
Page 163 and 164: (3) Relationship of wall thickness
Page 165 and 166: ecome closed for whatever reason, t
Page 167 and 168: Figure 9-5. Main arteries of the hu
Page 169 and 170: Figure 9-6. Main veins of the human
Page 171 and 172: a. Lymphatic Capillaries. Lymphatic
Page 173 and 174: 5. The most common types of white b
Page 175 and 176: 18. In the case of collateral circu
Page 179 and 180: 15. The coronary arteries supply "n
Page 181 and 182: LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 10 The Hum
Page 183 and 184: . The Endocrine System. In the huma
Page 185 and 186: e. Of the many hormones produced by
Page 187 and 188: hormones are involved in the mobili
Page 189 and 190: 5. The pituitary body is a small -s
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SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 10 1
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13. During the first half of the me
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MD0006 11-2 11-12. Define periphera
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11-5. NEURON PROCESSES Figure 11-1.
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a. The Synapse. A synapse (figure 1
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system (ANS). The CNS is made up of
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Figure 11-5B. Human brain (bottom v
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d. Ventricles. Within the brain, th
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Figure 11-7. A schematic diagram of
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(1) Cranial nerves. The 12 pairs of
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(4) Visceral motor neurons of the A
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organ. The cell bodies of the secon
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(2) Motor pathways. A motor pathway
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11-26. GENERAL Section IX. THE SPEC
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c. Internal Structures of the Eyeba
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(5) Iris. Another structure formed
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11-30. GENERAL Section X. THE SPECI
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11-33. THE INTERNAL EAR a. Labyrint
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Figure 11-14. Diagram of the scalae
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11-36. SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS (FIGURE 1
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f. Cerebellum. The cerebellum has b
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7. Each item below refers to the th
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18. Groups of related functions are
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30. If it carries information from
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46. Name examples of general senses
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61. The orbit is the cavity in the
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73. The central column of the cochl
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SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 11 1
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19. The ventricles of the brain are
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34. In the ANS, the number of neuro
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52. The outermost layer of the eyeb
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ossicles are: malleus, incus, and s
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COMMENT SHEET SUBCOURSE MD0006 Basi
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