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Pesticide residues in food — 2006
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of part
- Page 7 and 8: Dr Helen Hakansson, Institute of En
- Page 10 and 11: Abbreviations used ADI ALT APDM ARf
- Page 12: Introduction The toxicological mono
- Page 16 and 17: BIFENAZATE First draft prepared by
- Page 18 and 19: 5 In a series of experiments, group
- Page 20 and 21: 7 In a study of the time-course of
- Page 22 and 23: 9 the administered dose in males an
- Page 24 and 25: 11 limited absorption of parent com
- Page 26 and 27: 13 NAME/No. STRUCTURE D1989 OCH 3 D
- Page 28 and 29: 15 2.1 Acute toxicity Results of st
- Page 30 and 31: 17 (f) Sensitization In a study of
- Page 32 and 33: 19 Table 9. Clinical chemistry effe
- Page 34 and 35: 21 The degree of this finding was m
- Page 36 and 37: 23 On histopathological examination
- Page 38 and 39: 25 (equal to 0, 0.9, 10.4 or 25 mg/
- Page 40 and 41: 27 Haemoglobin (g/dl): Before treat
- Page 42 and 43: 29 weekly. Blood and urine samples
- Page 44 and 45: 31 (females) (equal to 0, 1.0, 3.9,
- Page 46 and 47: 33 Cytogenetic test Chinese hamster
- Page 48 and 49: 35 groups of 30 males and 30 female
- Page 50 and 51: 37 and placed in 10% ammonium sulfi
- Page 52 and 53: 39 was > 5000 mg/kg bw. The LC 50 i
- Page 54 and 55: 41 Multigeneration study of reprodu
- Page 56 and 57: 43 Medical data No significant adve
- Page 60 and 61: BOSCALID First draft prepared by D.
- Page 62 and 63: 49 Within 168 h after a single oral
- Page 64 and 65: 51 After a single oral dose of [ 14
- Page 66 and 67: 53 Table 6. Transmembrane migration
- Page 68 and 69: 55 Figure 4.Transfer of radioactivi
- Page 70 and 71: 57 metabolites found in the urine a
- Page 72 and 73: 59 Table 12. Summary of metabolites
- Page 74 and 75: 61 Table 16. Summary of metabolites
- Page 76 and 77: 63 Figure 5. Metabolic pathway of b
- Page 78 and 79: 65 Metabolite Structure M510F06 O N
- Page 80 and 81: 67 Metabolite Structure O OH N H M5
- Page 82 and 83: 69 Metabolite Structure M510F47 O O
- Page 84 and 85: 71 Table 20. Skin irritation scores
- Page 86 and 87: 73 or haematology at any dose. Bloo
- Page 88 and 89: 75 incidences were increased in a d
- Page 90 and 91: 77 The mean liver weights were sign
- Page 92 and 93: 79 (the highest score possible) wer
- Page 94 and 95: 81 Diffuse hypertrophy 3 1 3 6 0 1
- Page 96 and 97: 83 mode of (carcinogenic) action. N
- Page 98 and 99: 85 injection with boscalid at a dos
- Page 100 and 101: 87 F 0 generation parental Centrilo
- Page 102 and 103: 89 on days 7 to 28 after inseminati
- Page 104 and 105: 91 stability, homogeneity and corre
- Page 106 and 107: 93 Total concentrations of T4 were
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95 Overall, in short-term studies w
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97 Rat 24-month studies of toxicity
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99 Engelhardt, G. & Hoffmann, H.D.
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101 Wiemann, C. & Hellwig, J. (1998
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104 5. Studies on metabolites .....
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106 After oral administration of 0.
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108 Cattle A lactating Holstein dai
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110 Species Strain Sex Route Formul
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112 cyfluthrin (0.1% v/v) at a dose
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114 glandular epithelium of the sub
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116 In a study performed according
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118 termination, the rats were kill
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120 when the increase was 232%), an
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122 Table 3. Results of studies of
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124 weight was accompanied by a dec
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126 highest dose. Necropsy revealed
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128 tilted plane was assessed at se
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130 no catalepsy. In rats, doses of
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132 Rat Wistar Male Female Male Fem
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134 In a study of dermal sensitizat
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136 inhalation for 6 h per day for
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138 Groups of 12 male and 12 female
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140 The metabolites of cyfluthrin s
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142 The increased incidence of malf
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144 Offspring toxicity 50 ppm, equa
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146 Developmental target Lowest rel
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148 Flucke, W. (1984b) FCR 1272, Pr
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150 Herbold, B. (1981b) Dominant le
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152 Miksche, L. (1979) Symptoms of
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154 Sheets, L.P., Gilmore, R.G. & H
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CYPERMETHRIN (INCLUDING ALPHA- AND
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159 For alpha-cypermethrin, the spe
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161 depleted over the test interval
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163 in the heart (67.6 and 88.7 ng
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165 (DCVA) was rapid and confined t
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167 Thus, the results of the studie
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169 Rat M NS Oral Aqueous suspensio
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171 exposure at 1600 ppm, both male
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173 The NOAEL in rats was 1500 ppm,
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175 No dogs died during the study.
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177 The NOAEL was 400 ppm, equivale
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179 Table 4. Significant findings r
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181 Alkaline Comet assay D. melanog
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183 To evaluate the potential (note
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185 of cypermethrin (purity, 97%; c
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187 hepatic APDM activity in males
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189 of treatment. Microscopic findi
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191 (radiochemical purity, > 99%) a
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193 4.2 Short-term studies of toxic
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195 increased. In both sexes at 540
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197 Table 9. Results of studies of
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199 and motor activity. In each stu
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201 10, 17, 34 and 68 mg/kg bw per
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203 Table 12. Statistically signifi
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205 were reduced by 13% relative to
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207 splayed hindlimbs, staggered ga
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209 related directly to symptoms in
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211 of the face which usually devel
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213 Cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethri
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215 (b) Alpha-Cypermethrin Species
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217 Summary for cypermethrins, incl
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219 Shell Toxicology Laboratory (Tu
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221 Freeman, C. (1990a) FMC 56701 t
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223 Hutson, D.H. (1977) Taurine con
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225 Prinsen, G.H. & Van Sittert, W.
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CYROMAZINE First draft prepared by
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229 24-48 h < 0.3 0.5 48-72 h < 0.2
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231 Seven days after an oral dose o
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233 kinetics, the elimination half-
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235 Cyromazine was rapidly absorbed
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237 gastrointestinal tract (1.1-1.3
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239 Residue concentrations of cyrom
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241 Table 13. Quantification of fae
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243 Hens Two hens received capsules
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245 At the intermediate dose, the r
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247 In order to follow the fate of
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249 Table 21. Recovery of radioacti
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251 Cyromazine is of low acute toxi
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253 selected organs were weighed, a
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255 Cyromazine lowered erythrocyte
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257 Kidney, focal chronic epithelia
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259 Table 25. Incidence of hepatoce
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261 females at the intermediate dos
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263 Table 28. Results of studies of
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265 or 600 mg/kg bw did not differ
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267 Table 29. Overall range and mea
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269 in the number of litters and fe
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271 30 and 60 mg/kg bw per day, res
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273 control groups. No significant
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275 Spina bifida 1 (1) 1 (1) 2 (2)
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277 3. Studies on metabolites There
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279 of most male rats in a dose-rel
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281 receiving 3% melamine in the di
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283 (e) Reproductive toxicity No to
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285 Dietary administration of cyrom
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287 Critical end-points for setting
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289 Clayson, D.B., Fishbein L. & Co
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291 National Toxicology Program (19
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DIAZINON (addendum) First draft pre
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295 appearance, behaviour, signs of
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297 deaths occurred. Body-weight lo
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299 cholinesterase activities were
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301 Significant and dose-related in
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303 p < 0.01 for both) at 2500 ppm
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305 the brain was significantly (p
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307 87.7%) at a concentration of 0,
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309 No clinical signs or changes in
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311 The lowest-observed-adverse-eff
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313 England on behalf of Makhteshim
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HALOXYFOP (INCLUDING HALOXYFOP-R AN
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317 Evaluation for acceptable daily
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319 excreted into urine with an eli
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321 found in the faeces over the 6
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323 (one major and two minor). The
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325 was well tolerated for the 5 da
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327 Rats In a 4-week probe study th
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329 In a GLP-compliant study, group
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331 before treatment and after 1, 2
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333 Organs were weighed and histopa
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335 treatment. At 6 and 12 months,
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337 adults. Some of the livers of t
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339 1.0, 7.5 or 20 mg/kg bw per day
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341 increase in peroxisome prolifer
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343 per day. The Meeting concluded
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345 Monkeys In a GLP-compliant 4-we
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347 seen and a NOAEL of 0.2 mg/kg b
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349 The Meeting established a group
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351 Summary for racemic haloxyfop,
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353 Linscombe, V.A., Jackson, K.M.
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PIRIMIPHOS-METHYL (ADDENDUM) First
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357 Dogs Groups of one male beagle
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359 In this study a NOAEL could not
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361 resorptions. A sample of brain
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363 Midbrain 90* 97 77* 83* 32* 41*
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365 In one 28-day and one 56-day st
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QUINOXYFEN First draft prepared by
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369 Figure 1. Chemical structure of
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371 ranged from 6 to 10 h. The tiss
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373 peaks Q3, Q6 and Q14, while pea
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375 2. Toxicological studies 2.1 Ac
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377 Rats In a GLP-compliant study,
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379 ALP (U/l) 125 128 129 112* 97 9
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381 in the highest dose males but t
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383 Liver, extramedullary h aematop
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385 of the treatment period. The me
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387 Table 10. Results of studies of
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389 The NOAEL for maternal toxicity
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391 Microsomal P450 (nmol/mg) 0.9 1
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393 Lumbar root ganglion slight deg
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395 being observed at 250 mg/kg bw
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397 Levels relevant to risk assessm
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399 References Baker, P.C. & Yano,
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401 Szabo, J.R. & Rachunek, S.L (19
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404 programme recommended that teme
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406 In a study in mice, groups of f
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408 Table 2. Oral and dermal median
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410 2.2 Short-term studies of toxic
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412 no-observed-effect level (NOEL)
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414 study (31-47%) at 10 mg/kg bw p
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416 2.3 Long-term studies of toxici
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418 treatment-related effect. The N
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420 The Meeting concluded temephos
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422 bw per day in a 99-day dietary
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424 Humans Investigation of clinica
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426 Laws, E.R. Jr., Morales, F.R.,
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THIABENDAZOLE (addendum) First draf
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431 Table 1. Blood concentrations o
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433 In a dose range-finding study,
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435 higher for males (125% and 172%
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437 activity was most apparent for
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439 consumption and body-weight gai
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441 Table 7. Incidence of external
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443 The paper by Ogata et al. (1984
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445 and body-weight gain (decrease
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447 included anorexia, nausea, vomi
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449 References Campbell, W.C. & Cuc
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THIACLOPRID First draft prepared by
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453 In most of the tests, the elimi
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455 Table 3. Residual radioactivity
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457 0.5% tragacanth orally by gavag
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459 Thyroid 0.050 0.055 17.975 Skin
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461 (b) 14 C-thiazolidine-labelled
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463 2. Toxicological studies 2.1 Ac
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465 In the main study, one test gro
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467 The NOAEL was 200 ppm, equal to
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469 Increased activities of asparta
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471 Bile acid (μmol/l) 45.9 31.7 5
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473 Week 12 40 39 42 48 37 49 45 51
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475 At the highest dose, clotting t
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477 reduced triglyceride concentrat
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479 Haematological examination in s
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481 Haematological investigations d
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483 107 weeks. In addition, groups
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485 Degeneration 1 0 5* 16** 0 0 0
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487 Table 24. Relevant clinical and
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489 The histopathological investiga
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491 Uterus; No. examined — —
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493 S9). Duplicate cultures were us
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495 “Ground glass” hepatocytes
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497 Table 30. Relevant findings in
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499 No. of litters 25 28 26 28 No.
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501 % Postimplantation loss per dam
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503 Thiacloprid was not teratogenic
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505 A slight increase in the number
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507 Observations during handling Di
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509 There were no deaths and no cli
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511 day 30. Female rats were examin
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513 Thiacloprid did not cause any s
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515 (TA1535, TA100, TA1537, TA98 an
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517 acid amide at 1000 ppm and thia
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519 The NOAEL was 100 ppm, equal to
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521 Vaginal smears were taken, exam
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523 No. of animals delivered 27 25
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525 (four to six rats per dose) wer
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527 No. cannibalized 0 2 11 13 Mean
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529 Corticosterone (ng/ml) After 9
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531 was of low acute dermal toxicit
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533 Mechanistic studies on uterine
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535 The Meeting concluded that the
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537 Reproductive toxicity Reproduct
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539 from Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germa
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541 Pauluhn, J. (1998) YRC 2894 sub
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543 1.2 Postulated mode of action (
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545 sensitive than female rats with
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547 Table A2. NOAELs and LOAELs for
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549 of estrogens that catalyses the
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551 3.8 Other modes of action Genot
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553 Metabolite Structure / trivial
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555 Metabolite Structure / trivial
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THIOPHANATE-METHYL (addendum) First
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559 Table 2. Selected findings in d
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561 smears were obtained from five
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563 The NOAEL for parental toxicity
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565 Table 7. Selected maternal and
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567 Mean litter size 8.8 8.4 9.1 7.
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569 adverse changes in the FOB, inc
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571 Comments Toxicological data Thi
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573 Foss, J.A. (2005b) Oral (diet)
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576 14. Pesticide residues in food.
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578 49. Pesticide residues in food
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580 83. Pesticide residues in food