biostratigraphy and paleoecology of cretaceous/tertiary boundary in ...

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XIV Fig (4.11): Sedimentation rate of the Upper Cretaceous/Lower Tertiary Succession from gali section Smaquli area plotted vs. planktonic foraminiferal zonal scheme. The age (Time) of foraminiferal datum events shown (in MY) 110 Fig (4.12): Sedimentation rate of the Upper Cretaceous/Lower Tertiary Succession from Qulka section Dokan area plotted vs. planktonic foraminiferal zonal scheme. The age (Time) of foraminiferal datum events shown (in MY) 110 Fig (4.13): Sedimentation rate of the Upper Cretaceous/Lower Tertiary Succession from Sirwan section plotted vs. planktonic foraminiferal zonal scheme. The age (Time) of foraminiferal datum events shown (in MY) 111
Chapter one Introduction CHAPTER ONE Introduction 1.1- Preface The Tanjero, Kolosh and Red Bed Series basin, as a part of the Neotethys, was strongly deformed by the Alpine orogeny during their activity continued from Jurassic to Miocene where a huge thickness of sediments was accumulated. These successions are generally well exposed in different localities and different types of stratigraphic units in Zagros mountain regions such as the Balambo, Qulqula, Qamchuqa, Aqra-Bekhme, Kometan, Shiranish and Tanjero Formations, in addition to the Kolosh, Gercus Formations and Red Bed Series. The basins of these units have a complicated history of development and tectonics, this history was demonstrated by different characteristics of these stratigraphic units. Biostratigraphic analysis involves the interpretation of the nature of contact between Tanjero / Kolosh and Tanjero / Red Bed series, evolution, estimation the age of biozones by high resolution planktonic foraminiferal zonation and paleoenvironmental interpretation in accordance to planktonic and benthonic foraminiferal assemblages relationship by examining different geologic variables associated in this study. The geologic variables in the present study include the traditional and biostratigraphic analysis based on detail study of (5) exposed sections throughout the studied area. The detailed field and lab studies were directed towards planktonic foraminiferal zonation and paleoenvironmental interpretation to interpret architecture and biostratigraphic relation, in addition to the correlation and comparisons with similar and related studies achieved in this field regionally or globally. During the last decades the analysis of the Cretaceous/ Tertiary (K/T) boundary has been one of the most frequently mentioned topics in the earth science and several hypotheses have been suggested to explain the causes behind the global mass extinction in several groups of organism across this boundary, both marine and terrestrial forms were affected by the extinction event, which implies a multitude of causes for the Late Cretaceous extinctions, 1
Page 1: BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOECOLOGY OF
Page 4 and 5: IV Dedicated: To My Wife My Daughte
Page 6 and 7: VI Abstract The Cretaceous / Tertia
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy 3.2.1
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy age e
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy Pessa
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy Patel
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy C R E
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy Silva
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy monmo
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy and 3
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy There
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy (kiko
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy prese
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy chara
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy Fig (
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy (Subb
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Chapter Four Depositional Environme
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Chapter Five CHAPTER FIVE Conclusio
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Chapter Five Conclusion Paleontolog
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Chapter Five Conclusion (Late Maast
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Chapter Five Conclusion E- Kato sec
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Chapter Five Conclusion 16- The ter
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REFERENCES Abawi, T. S. Abdel-Kiree
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Northwestern Iraq. Rafidain Journal
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Bandy, O. L., 1967. Cretaceous plan
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limestone from the accretionary pri
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Cretaceous of the south Constantine
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James, G. A. and Wynd, J. G., 1965.
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Kassab, I. I. M., 1975c. Planktonic
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Liu, C. and Olsson, R. K., 1992. Ev
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Molina, E. Arenillas, I. and Arz, J
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Petters, S. W. EL-Nakhal, H. A. and
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Sissakian, V. K., 2000. Geological
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EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES PLATE -1
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PLATE -3 Scale bar represents magni
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PLATE -11 Scale bar represents magn
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PLATE -17 Figs 1- 3 Globotruncana a
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PLATE -19 Figs. 1 Gansserina wieden
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PLATE -21 Figs 1-2 Abathomphalus ma
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PLATE -23 Fig. 1 Globigerinelloides
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