biostratigraphy and paleoecology of cretaceous/tertiary boundary in ...

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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy characterized by similar sediment constituent between both Tanjero and overlying Kolosh Formation in which no one can observe the contact line between these two formations in the field especially in Smaquli and Dokan area. Another important point to be mentioned is the lack of any reworked foraminiferal evidence to be observed within (P0) Guembelitria cretacea zone and overlying biozones in mentioned areas. The K/T contact in the studied areas has been interpreted as conformable contact because of the absence of any sedimentological break, or erosional surface, no condensed section no mineralogical record observed in addition to uninterrupted biostratigraphic record. As defined above and based on the associated planktonic foraminiferal assemblage, the Guembelitria cretacea zone coincides with the same zone recorded from Tunisia (Li & Keller, 1998 b); from Egypt (Keller, 2002); Eastern Tethys Israel (Keller, 2004); general (Olsson et al., 2000), (Berggren & Norris, 1997), (Berggren et al.,1995), (Keller, 1996); DSDP Site 525A (Abramovich and Keller, 2003) ; Spain (Pardo et al., 1996), (Smit, 2005). P0 is also equivalent to the Lower part of Guembelitria cretacea zone from Egypt by (Obaidalla, 2005) and Tunisia (Arenillas et al., 2000) and Canudo et al., 1991, Caravaca and Agost from Spain. The age estimation of this biozone by (Olsson et al., 2000) (Keller, 2002, and 2004), records the earliest Paleocene (Danian), with the time span of (65.00Ma) to (64.97Ma) estimating absolute ages based on magnetochron ages. (30 Ky) ages with (24 Ky/m) high rate of deposition in Gali section. (Figs. 3.12 -13) Age: Earliest Paleocene (Danian). 3.2.2.2- (Pá) Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina Total Range Zone Definition: Biostratigraphic interval is characterized by the total range of the nominate taxon. (Liu, 1993, emended. of Pá of Blow, 1979; Luterbacher and Premoli Silva, 1964). (Plate .24, Figs.9-14) Luterbacher & Premoli Silva (1964) firstly used the Globigerina eugubina Zone for the Early Paleocene of Central Italy. Blow, (1979) used Parvularugoglobigerina longiapertura to characterize the earliest Paleocene Zone P? (Globorotalia (Turborotalia) longiapertura). However, this assemblage 72
Chapter Three Biostratigraphy seems to be close to those of the Pv. eugubina Zone. Moreover, in (Samir 2002), most workers have included Pv. longiapertura with Pv. eugubina group (e.g. Olsson et al., 1992). In the studied section of Smaquli area, this zone covers the interval of 18 meters is characterized by a small-sized planktonic foraminiferal assemblage of a worldwide distribution, that represented by Parvularugoglobigirina eugubina (Luterbacher & Premoli Silva), Parvularugoglobigirina extensa (Blow), Hedbergella monmouthensis (Olsson), Rectoguembelina cretacea Cushman, Woodringina clytonensis (Loeblich & Tappan), W. hornerstownensis (Olsson), Chiloguembelina morsei (Kline), Ch. midwayensis (Cushman), Globoconusa daubjergensis (Bronnimann), Parasubbotina aff pseudobulloides (Olsson et al), Subbotina trivalis (Subbotina), Globanomalina archeocompressa (blow), Gl. planocompressa (Shutskaya), Eoglobigerina edita (Subbotina), E. eobulloides Morozova, E. simplicissma Blow, Praemurica taurica (Morozova), Guembelitria cretacea Cushman, ( Fig.3.7 part.2) Fig (3.9) Genetic radiation, Phylogenetic relationship and Geologic range of Paleocene serial & low to high trochospiral microperforate wall structure planktonic foraminifera (From Olsson et. al, 2000) 73
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BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOECOLOGY OF
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IV Dedicated: To My Wife My Daughte
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VI Abstract The Cretaceous / Tertia
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VIII successions from the upper par
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3.2.1.4- Pseudotextularia intermedi
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XII Table No. Title Page Table (3.1
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XIV Fig (4.11): Sedimentation rate
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Chapter one Introduction such as pl
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Chapter one Introduction Fig. (1.1)
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Chapter one Introduction lithologic
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Chapter one Introduction The Shiran
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Chapter one Introduction Abdel-Kire
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Chapter one Introduction The Kolosh
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Chapter one Introduction 1.4.2.2- R
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Chapter one Introduction a- Globotr
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Chapter one Introduction Fig (1, 6)
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Chapter one Introduction 4- Kato se
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Page 56 and 57: Chapter Three Biostratigraphy CHAPT
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Page 74 and 75: Chapter Three Biostratigraphy Silva
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REFERENCES Abawi, T. S. Abdel-Kiree
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Northwestern Iraq. Rafidain Journal
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Bandy, O. L., 1967. Cretaceous plan
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limestone from the accretionary pri
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Cretaceous of the south Constantine
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James, G. A. and Wynd, J. G., 1965.
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Kassab, I. I. M., 1975c. Planktonic
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Liu, C. and Olsson, R. K., 1992. Ev
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Molina, E. Arenillas, I. and Arz, J
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Petters, S. W. EL-Nakhal, H. A. and
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Sissakian, V. K., 2000. Geological
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EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES PLATE -1
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PLATE -3 Scale bar represents magni
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PLATE -11 Scale bar represents magn
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PLATE -17 Figs 1- 3 Globotruncana a
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PLATE -19 Figs. 1 Gansserina wieden
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PLATE -21 Figs 1-2 Abathomphalus ma
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PLATE -23 Fig. 1 Globigerinelloides
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