biostratigraphy and paleoecology of cretaceous/tertiary boundary in ...

Chapter one
Introduction
The Kolosh Formation extends into Turkey, where it is represented by the
clastic facies of the Garmav Formation (Altinli, 1966 in Jassim & Goff, 2006).
In southeast of Iran, the upper part of the Amiran Formation of the (James and
Wynd,1965) and the purple shales of the Lower Pabda Formation can be
correlated with the Kolosh Formation. (Jassim & Goff, 2006)
The biostratigraphy of Kolosh Formations were studied by Kassab (1972,
1974, 1975, 1976 and 1978) and Kassab et al., (1986) at the type locality and
other locations in north and northeast of Iraq. They recognized the planktonic
foraminiferal Zones of Lowermost Middle Paleocene, represented by
Globorotalia uncinata partial range Zone. Fig (1.6)
Munim (1976) and Jacob (1978) recorded the Late Lower Paleocene at
Zandour village, by recognizing Globorotalia trinidadensis Zone in Kolosh
Formation. Al-Mutwali (1983) and Al-Omari et al., (1988), through their study of
biostratigraphy of Kolosh Formation at Shaqlawa area, they recognized
Globorotalia trinidadensis Zone which is indicated to the Late Lower
Paleocene age. Fig (1.6)
Al-Shaibani et al., (1986) during their stratigraphic analysis on the
Tertiary-Cretaceous contact in Dokan area, (North Iraq), they placed the
contact in Zone P3 ( Middle Thanetian), based on overlapping of the range of
Globorotalia (T.) trinidadensis Bolli, 1957, and Subbotina velascoensis
Cushman,1925 and other species. Fig (1.6)
Raffo (1989) recorded the following Danian species Eoglobigerina
appressa, Eoglobigerina edita praeedita, Globorotalia (Tu.) compressa
planocompressa; Grt. (Tu.) archaeocompressa; Grt. (Tu.) rainwateri; Grt. (Tu.)
sp. Type VII, during his study on planktonic foraminifera and biostratigraphy of
Aaliji Formation and the nature of the contact with underlying Shiranish
Formation at Mushorah well (No.1) (northwest Iraq) Fig (1.6 )
Ghafor and Karim (1999), studied the biostratigraphy of the upper part of
Kolosh Formation from Sartaq-Bamo in northeastern Iraq and they recognized
the Globororalia velascoensis Zone of Upper Paleocene age.
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