biostratigraphy and paleoecology of cretaceous/tertiary boundary in ...

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Chapter Two Lithostratigraphy medium to massive well bedded ridge forming recrystalized pale grey limestone and sandstone to silty limestone occasionally dolomitized rich in rudist and other macro and microfossils intercalated by with beds of shale and calcareous shale at the lower and upper part of this interval. The Aqra Limestone interval overlained by 67m of Tanjero Formation with alternation of bluish white marl, marly siltstone, thin bedded recrystalized fossiliferous limestone and weathered pale grey friable sandstone layer with some pebbly sandstone, clay ball and pillow structure. The third unit of this section is transitional zone 35m of clastic increasing upward consists of reddish weathered friable sandstone pebbly sandstone rich in reworked Loftusia, Omphalocyclus and Orbitoides fig(2.8a) at the base and followed by alternation grey shale, marl, friable detrital sandy limestone with purple to reddish claystone, and two conglomerate beds at the upper part of this interval, the conglomerate genetically comprises igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary origin of the pebbles and they extended laterally for limited short distances. This interval is characterized by shell debris of macrofossils such as solitary corals cyclolites, echinoids, dwarfed gastropods, and pelecypodes.The transition interval overlained by typical molasses of Red Bed Series in this section marked by 3m of friable brownish weathered conglomerate of metamorphic and sedimentary pebbles and complete reddish color (fig 2.8b) with reworked dwarfed fossils of corals, brachiopod, echinoid, gastropod and pelecypods, followed by red beds of claystone, sandstone, pebbly sandstone. It is important to mention that in addition to Kato and Qishlagh sections, other three preliminary outcrops were taken into consideration for sampling on Tanjero/ Red Bed contact like (Zardabee, Tagaran and Shakha Sur) sections in order to get high foraminiferal survivorship recovery, but it proved useless result from the foraminiferal recovery point of view. 30
Chapter Two Lithostratigraphy Fig (2.6) Lithostratigraphic column of Qishlagh section showing lithologic characters. (Not to scale, thicknesses shown opposite each unit) 31
Page 1: BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOECOLOGY OF
Page 4 and 5: IV Dedicated: To My Wife My Daughte
Page 6 and 7: VI Abstract The Cretaceous / Tertia
Page 8 and 9: VIII successions from the upper par
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy (Subb
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy Fig (
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Chapter Three Biostratigraphy Fig (
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Chapter Four Depositional Environme
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Chapter Five CHAPTER FIVE Conclusio
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Chapter Five Conclusion Paleontolog
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Chapter Five Conclusion (Late Maast
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Chapter Five Conclusion E- Kato sec
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Chapter Five Conclusion 16- The ter
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REFERENCES Abawi, T. S. Abdel-Kiree
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Northwestern Iraq. Rafidain Journal
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Bandy, O. L., 1967. Cretaceous plan
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limestone from the accretionary pri
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Cretaceous of the south Constantine
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James, G. A. and Wynd, J. G., 1965.
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Kassab, I. I. M., 1975c. Planktonic
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Liu, C. and Olsson, R. K., 1992. Ev
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Molina, E. Arenillas, I. and Arz, J
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Petters, S. W. EL-Nakhal, H. A. and
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Sissakian, V. K., 2000. Geological
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EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES PLATE -1
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PLATE -3 Scale bar represents magni
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PLATE -11 Scale bar represents magn
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PLATE -17 Figs 1- 3 Globotruncana a
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PLATE -19 Figs. 1 Gansserina wieden
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PLATE -21 Figs 1-2 Abathomphalus ma
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PLATE -23 Fig. 1 Globigerinelloides
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