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Klamath Project Operations Biological Assessment Endangered Suckers: Review of Proposed Action Figure 2-24. Annual estimates of early larval Lost River and shortnose sucker survival in UKL, 1995-2005. The numbers plotted as symbols are the last two digits of the years in question. Panel (A) shows the relationship between sucker survival and the logetransformed catch per unit effort (CPUE) of fathead minnow the previous year; the solid line is the least-squares regression (y=0.75318 – 0.14053x; P=0.045), and the dashed line is the 0.90-quantile regression (y=1.48164 – 0.26899x; P=0.15). Panel (B) shows the relationship between sucker survival and lake elevation; the solid line is the leastsquares regression (y=-406.533 + 0.32209x, where x is in meters (P=0.50), and the dashed line is the 0.90-quantile regression (y=-1510.32128 + 1.19642x; P=0.86). 0.6 0.5 96 99 A 0.4 Survival Survival 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 98 02 95 00 01 97 05 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Log e (fathead CPUE) B 96 99 02 03 98 04 0.1 0.0 03 00 0104 97 05 1,262.5 1,262.6 1,262.7 1,262.8 Mea n June lake level (m) 95 4,142.0 4,142.2 4,142.4 4,1 42.6 4,142.8 4,143.0 4,143.2 Mean June lake level (ft) Source: Figure reproduced with permission from Markle and Dunsmoor (2007). 129
Klamath Project Operations Biological Assessment Endangered Suckers: Review of Proposed Action The reconfiguration of the Williamson River mouth may also provide additional benefit to sucker populations in UKL by providing a direct route for larval suckers to be transported into emergent vegetation wetland areas in the northern portion of UKL. The net inflow to UKL from the Williamson River will not change but the discharge will reach UKL through a series of river mouths to the northwest and northeast of the present river mouth. Small and partial levee breaches along the lower Williamson River will create this series of multiple river mouths. Much of the discharge is projected to exit the river channel through the series of breaches in the dikes upstream of the present day mouth. Reconfiguration of the Williamson River mouth is designed, in part, to transport larval suckers directly into shallow water areas of emergent vegetation. Additional wetland restoration activities are occurring along the northwest shoreline of Agency Lake. The Barnes and ALR properties, totaling approximately 9,830 acres, have recently been managed as water storage behind the existing dikes, thus some wetland vegetation has become established. In the near future, existing dikes will be breached, allowing for fish access and a more thorough colonization of wetland vegetation on these properties. An increase in emergent vegetation habitat through restored wetlands along northern Upper Klamath and Agency lakes and the potential redirection of larval suckers into wetland habitats should influence the retention time of larval suckers in the northern portion of Upper Klamath and Agency lakes. Recently, few juvenile suckers were encountered during fisheries surveys of the western edge of the marshes at UKL National Wildlife Refuge, Fourmile Creek and Odessa (Mulligan and Mulligan 2007). Suckers may be retained further north in UKL through the re-establishment of additional wetland vegetation on the Barnes and ALR properties and the reconstruction of the Williamson River mouth. Retention of suckers further north may disrupt patterns of sucker emigration from UKL (Markle et al. 2007 Juvenile) and provide the means for larval and juvenile suckers to occupy habitats in and near UKL National Wildlife Refuge. Juvenile Suckers Habitat use by juvenile suckers has been characterized in UKL as near-shore and occurring over a variety of substrate compositions (Terwilliger 2006, Hendrixson et al. 2007a, 2007b). The proposed lake elevations provide access to some habitats over the range of lake elevations that juvenile suckers will experience during summer months. Not all habitats are available at all lake elevations, except at the highest lake elevations. Juvenile sucker habitats associated with aquatic vegetation (VanderKooi and Beulow 2003, VanderKooi et al. 2006, Hendrixson et al. 2007a, 2007b) will likely diminish as lake elevation recedes in a manner similar to that described for emergent vegetation in the larval sucker section. The extent that rocky substrate, a juvenile sucker habitat type identified by Simon et al. (1995), extends from the shoreline has not been thoroughly investigated. Simon et al. (1995) indicated that this substrate type likely only extends 10 to 60 feet from the shoreline, and the shallow slopes of UKL, led the authors to postulate that rocky substrates become dewatered at about 4138 ft lake 130
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Biological Assessment The Effects o
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Biological Assessment The Effects o
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Klamath Project Operations Biologic
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This biological a
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Part 1 INTRODUCTION, ACTION AREA, A
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Part 2 ENDANGERED SUCKERS Sucker De
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T&C 5 T&C 6 T&C 7 T&C 8 Fund instre
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Description Part 5 BALD EAGLES A la
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Figure 5-1. Bald Eagle range in Nor
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Part 7 CONSULTATION HISTORY Section
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Part 9 LITERATURE CITED Agrawal, A.
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Accomplishment Report, Winter 2007.
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