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Chapter II What are human rights? CHAPTER II After finishing this chapter, readers should fully understand the concept of human rights and be able to identify the main features of these rights, distinguish between different types of rights, and evaluate the importance of human rights to people with disabilities. 1. Definition and features of human rights - Human rights are freedoms, faculties or basic values that guarantee a dignified life, which are possessed by all people based on the simple fact that they are human beings. It is the responsibility of governments to respect, guarantee, or satisfy such rights. (Morales Gil de la Torre, Héctor). - Human rights are also legal guarantees that protect people and groups of people against acts by governments that might compromise fundamental rights and human dignity. - Human rights regulations obligate governments to do certain things that favor people and the full enjoyment of their rights, and that impede others from limiting, restricting or conditioning the enjoyment of such rights. - The following are some of the features of human rights: • They focus on human dignity, • They are legally protected, • They are internationally guaranteed, • They protect people and groups of people, • They obligate States and state agents, • They may neither be the object of exceptions nor be eliminated, • They are equal and interdependent, • They are universal. 18
Two very important features of human rights that merit emphasis are their interdependence (in exercising them, rights depend on each other), and indivisibility (they are separated from one another to make them more understandable, but they should be understood as a unified whole). Consequently, living fully and achieving development not only requires that a person’s civil and political rights are respected, but also their economic, social and cultural rights. For example, it is very difficult for a person to enjoy freedom (a civil right) when they are starving (the provision of food: an economic and social right). These two features are very important when we evaluate the rights of people with disabilities, as we will see later. 2. Types of human rights Human rights can be grouped into different categories. The most common distinction is between civil and political rights, on the one hand, and economic, social and cultural rights, on the other. a. Civil and political rights These protect a human being, individually, against any type of aggression or abuse by any public institution. The guarantee of civil and political rights is immediate; therefore, these rights can be demanded at any time and in any place, except under emergency circumstances that permit certain restrictions on some civil and political rights. 19
Page 1 and 2: A Basic Manual for Inclusive Develo
Page 3: A Basic Manual for Inclusive Develo
Page 6 and 7: 5. The interdependence of rights of
Page 8 and 9: CONTENTS CHAPTER VI: POLITICAL ADVO
Page 10 and 11: The manual’s content is organized
Page 12 and 13: Chapter I “From patient to citize
Page 14 and 15: According to this traditional parad
Page 16 and 17: Finally, there is no question that
Page 18 and 19: - Affirmative action as a means to
Page 20 and 21: Integration is associated with the
Page 24 and 25: We are not going to enumerate the e
Page 26 and 27: hese denominations indicate that so
Page 28 and 29: It is important to distinguish the
Page 30 and 31: We are here to serve everyone. - If
Page 32 and 33: The development of a human rights p
Page 34 and 35: Chapter III Exclusion, Inclusion an
Page 36 and 37: THERE IS HARDLY MONEY FOR FOOD; THE
Page 38 and 39: (1) No one understands someone’s
Page 40 and 41: Everything written in the right col
Page 42 and 43: 2) Generally, family members with a
Page 44 and 45: Evaluation III Questions for evalua
Page 46 and 47: In other words, only a little goes
Page 48 and 49: exclusion confronted by people with
Page 50 and 51: Here, the search for inclusive deve
Page 52 and 53: 2) Crosscutting and inclusive actio
Page 54 and 55: 5. How can the vicious circle be br
Page 56 and 57: 7. Instruments and spaces for inclu
Page 58 and 59: Thus, we should be interested in th
Page 60 and 61: Evaluation IV Questions for evaluat
Page 62 and 63: action as a way of promoting effect
Page 64 and 65: - The institutional actor (who rece
Page 66 and 67: Here, we are going to talk about a
Page 68 and 69: Thus, we may conclude that the main
Page 70 and 71: Analyze the causes and consequences
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This same process can also be carri
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When organizations of disabled pers
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It is important to remember that po
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B. Conclusions of the self-analysis
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Step 6. Design advocacy strategies
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B) Organizing. This work serves to
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It is important to remember when pl
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Strategy Usefulness How to do it Pr
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• Consultation with member organi
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The plan should specify each activi
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Activity Desired outcome Indicators
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C. Education-sensitivity raising Ac
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Step 8. Continuous evaluation Evalu
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e done at regular intervals—month
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Evaluation V Questions for evaluati
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The earliest public policy analysts
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. How are public policies made? The
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To participate in public decision-m
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Government proposed policy to comba
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• Study the laws and regulations
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BIBLIOGRAPHY: - Astorga Gatjens, Lu
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BUILDING CAPACI- TIES TO ADVANCE OU
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