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- The institutional actor (who receives and makes a decision about the proposal). b) We understand an action as political advocacy when it is seeking the State’s adoption and implementation of a public policy oriented toward favoring the social sector or sectors formulating the proposal (the central government, legislature, municipal government, etc.). c) The effectiveness of political advocacy is conditioned, in large part, by: • The degree to which the sector or social group that proposes the demand and formulates the proposal is organized; • The quality and soundness of the proposal’s reasoning; ASSEMBLY • Solid planning for the political advocacy process, and • The strategies or routes followed in carrying out the advocacy work. Consequently, political advocacy is a technique and an art that needs to be understood and well mastered, so that the actions undertaken by organizations of disabled persons will be effective. d) Political advocacy should be a means for promoting citizen participation; consequently, it is a means for both exercising real democracy and for promoting participatory democracy. Through advocacy actions, organized citizens are able to participate in decision-making processes, not only through mechanisms that delegate power through voting to elect governmental representatives (representative democracy), but also through exercising participatory democracy. 60
e) Although advocacy work needs to make use of all opportunities that arise so that desired public policies are enacted, it is predominantly a cumulative process. Advocacy consists of more than one strategy or activity. It entails the implementation of various strategies and activities over time, with creativity and persistence. Advocacy victories often are preceded by numerous failures. It is important not to give up, but to learn from our mistakes. f) Another aspect to consider is that a social organization that plans and carries out advocacy actions accumulates important experience beyond the direct results of these actions. These processes help to strengthen and enrich organizations internally, in both organizational and technical terms. g) Another important factor that should be considered when people with disabilities and their organizations engage in political advocacy work is that institutional actors generally tend to underestimate these social actors (disabled persons), trapped as they are in a socio-cultural environment that views their role as recipients of charity and pity, rather than as social fighters. This situation does not occur in the case of other social actors. Thus, we need to recognize this, especially when planning political advocacy work and analyzing the overall context of threats and opportunities. 3. Differences between advocacy and political advocacy Sometimes we speak of advocacy and political advocacy as if they were synonyms or mean the same thing. However, it is important to point out the difference between these two concepts—the general one (advocacy, or exerting influence) and the specific one (political advocacy)—in the interest of greater conceptual and practical precision. Advocacy is a concept related to all human relations. Whenever we relate to another human being, we influence something. For example, when we indicate what we want to eat for breakfast or lunch at home, we’re exerting an influence. In this sense, reciprocal influence is part of daily life. We can speak about advocacy as the capacity to influence. 61
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A Basic Manual for Inclusive Develo
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A Basic Manual for Inclusive Develo
Page 6 and 7:
5. The interdependence of rights of
Page 8 and 9:
CONTENTS CHAPTER VI: POLITICAL ADVO
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The manual’s content is organized
Page 12 and 13:
Chapter I “From patient to citize
Page 14 and 15: According to this traditional parad
Page 16 and 17: Finally, there is no question that
Page 18 and 19: - Affirmative action as a means to
Page 20 and 21: Integration is associated with the
Page 22 and 23: Chapter II What are human rights? C
Page 24 and 25: We are not going to enumerate the e
Page 26 and 27: hese denominations indicate that so
Page 28 and 29: It is important to distinguish the
Page 30 and 31: We are here to serve everyone. - If
Page 32 and 33: The development of a human rights p
Page 34 and 35: Chapter III Exclusion, Inclusion an
Page 36 and 37: THERE IS HARDLY MONEY FOR FOOD; THE
Page 38 and 39: (1) No one understands someone’s
Page 40 and 41: Everything written in the right col
Page 42 and 43: 2) Generally, family members with a
Page 44 and 45: Evaluation III Questions for evalua
Page 46 and 47: In other words, only a little goes
Page 48 and 49: exclusion confronted by people with
Page 50 and 51: Here, the search for inclusive deve
Page 52 and 53: 2) Crosscutting and inclusive actio
Page 54 and 55: 5. How can the vicious circle be br
Page 56 and 57: 7. Instruments and spaces for inclu
Page 58 and 59: Thus, we should be interested in th
Page 60 and 61: Evaluation IV Questions for evaluat
Page 62 and 63: action as a way of promoting effect
Page 66 and 67: Here, we are going to talk about a
Page 68 and 69: Thus, we may conclude that the main
Page 70 and 71: Analyze the causes and consequences
Page 72 and 73: This same process can also be carri
Page 74 and 75: When organizations of disabled pers
Page 76 and 77: It is important to remember that po
Page 78 and 79: B. Conclusions of the self-analysis
Page 80 and 81: Step 6. Design advocacy strategies
Page 82 and 83: B) Organizing. This work serves to
Page 84 and 85: It is important to remember when pl
Page 86 and 87: Strategy Usefulness How to do it Pr
Page 88 and 89: • Consultation with member organi
Page 90 and 91: The plan should specify each activi
Page 92 and 93: Activity Desired outcome Indicators
Page 94 and 95: C. Education-sensitivity raising Ac
Page 96 and 97: Step 8. Continuous evaluation Evalu
Page 98 and 99: e done at regular intervals—month
Page 100 and 101: Evaluation V Questions for evaluati
Page 102 and 103: The earliest public policy analysts
Page 104 and 105: . How are public policies made? The
Page 106 and 107: To participate in public decision-m
Page 108 and 109: Government proposed policy to comba
Page 110 and 111: • Study the laws and regulations
Page 112 and 113: BIBLIOGRAPHY: - Astorga Gatjens, Lu
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BUILDING CAPACI- TIES TO ADVANCE OU
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in English - Handicap International

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