Dirac Fermions in Graphene and Graphiteâa view from angle ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

118. Wakabayashi, K., Fujita, M., Ajiki, H. & Sigrist, M. Electronic and magnetic properties of nanographite ribbons. Phys. Rev. B 59, 008271 (1999). 119. Bardyzewski, W. & Hedin, L. A New Approach to the Theory of Photoemission from Solids. Physica Scripta 32, 439 (1985). 120. Smith, N. V., Thiry, P. & Petroff, Y. Photoemission linewidths and quasiparticle lifetimes. Phys. Rev. B 47, 15476 (1993). 121. Lindroos, M. & Bansil, A. A Novel Direct Method of Fermi Surface Determination Using Constant Initial Energy Angle-Scanned Photoemission Spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 2985 (1996). 122. Nakayama, M., Aoki, H., Ochiai, A., Ito, T., Kumigashira, H., Takahashi, T. & Harima, H. Ultrahighresolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of La and Ce monochalcogenides. Phys. Rev. B 69, 155116 (2004). 123. Tatar, R. C. & Rabii, S. Electronic properties of graphite: A unified theoretical study. Phys. Rev. B 25, 4126 (1982). 124. Santoni, A., Terminello, L. J., Himpsel, F. J. & Takahashi, T. A Novel Direct Method of Fermi Surface Determination Using Constant Initial Energy Angle-Scanned Photoemission Spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. A 52, 301 (1991). 125. Heske, C., Treusch, R., Himpsel, F. J., Kakar, S., Terminello, L. J., Weyer, H. J. & Shirley, E. L. Band widening in graphite. Phys. Rev. B 59, 4680 (1999). 126. Pescia, D., Law, A. R., Johnson, M. L. & Hughes, H. P. Determination of observable conduction band symmetry in angle-resolved electron spectroscopies: Non-symmorphic space groups. Solid State Commun. 56, 809 (1985). 127. Feuerbacher, B. & Fitton, B. Splitting of the π bands in graphite. Phys. Rev. Lett. 26, 840 (1971). 128. Hashimoto, A., Suenaga, K., Gloter, A., Urita, K. & Lijima, S. Direct evidence for atomic defects in graphene layers. Nature 430, 870 (2004). 129. Pereira, V. M., Guinea, F., Lopes dos Santos, J. M. B., Peres, N. M. R. & Castro Neto, A. Disorder Induced Localized States in Graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 036801 (2006). 67
List of Figures 1.1 (a) Sp 2 bonding and the resulting carbon allotropes from 0D to 3D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2 Unit cell of graphene in the real space (a) and reciprocal space (b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 The band structure of graphene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4 The band structure of graphene and the schematic cartoon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.5 Schematic drawing of the dispersions near E F for massless Dirac fermions (a) and massive quasiparticles in conventional condensed matter systems (b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1.6 Brillouin zone and electronic structure of bulk graphite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1 (a) Schematics of ARPRES experiments (courtesy of J. Fink) and (b) typical ARPES data from graphite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2 Spectral function for noninteracting (left panel) and interacting (right panel) systems, from Damascelli et al 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.3 Typical two dimensional ARPES data and the analysis of EDCs and MDCs. . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.4 The universal inelastic mean free path of electrons with kinetic energy from 2 to 2000eV, from Hüfner 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.5 The improvement of the ARPES resolution in the past three decades, from Reinert et al 30 . . 19 2.6 The setup of the 6.994 eV laser and the demonstrated energy resolution of 0.36 eV, from Kiss et al 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.1 (a-d) LEED patterns with a primary energy of 180eV, obtained at four different stages during the growth of sample A. (a) 1×1 spots of SiC, after a 5 min anneal around 1000 ◦ C followed by the initial cleaning procedure under Si flux. (b) ( √ 3 × √ 3)R30 reconstruction, after 5 min around 1100 ◦ C. (c) (6 √ 3 × 6 √ 3)R30 reconstruction, after 10 min around 1200 ◦ C. (d) Sharper(6 √ 3×6 √ 3)R30 pattern, after 4 min around 1250 ◦ C. (e) and (f) LEED patterns with a primary energy of 130eV taken at the same stages as (c) and (d), respectively. In (f), the appearance of the 1×1 spots of graphite, located slightly farther out from the center relative to the spots observed at similar positions in (b, c, and e), indicates that a thin graphene overlayer has been formed in this last step. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.2 SEM images recorded on the surface of a sample grown in the same conditions as sample A. (a) Typical region of the surface, showing a pattern with a length scale on the order of hundreds of nanometers, and a finer pattern with a length scale on the order of 10 nm. (b) Region marked by a cluster of unidentified structures characterized by six-sided geometry, reflecting the underlying hexagonal lattice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 68
Page 1 and 2:
Dirac Fermions in Graphene and Grap
Page 3 and 4:
Dirac Fermions in Graphene and Grap
Page 5 and 6:
Contents Abstract 1 Contents Acknow
Page 7 and 8:
7.6 Conclusions and implication of
Page 9 and 10:
Curriculum Vitæ Shuyun Zhou Educat
Page 11 and 12:
• Selected as Science Highlight f
Page 13 and 14:
The unit cell of graphene contains
Page 15 and 16:
Projecting this equation into φ(r
Page 17 and 18:
Figure 1.5. Schematic drawing of th
Page 19 and 20:
Chapter 2 Experimental techniques 2
Page 21 and 22:
dispersion E(k z ). Thus k z values
Page 23 and 24:
where ɛ is infinitely small. Accor
Page 25 and 26:
Langmuirs (1L=10 −6 torr·s) to c
Page 27 and 28: mean free path, E kin is the kineti
Page 29 and 30: a b c d e f graphite SiC f graphite
Page 31 and 32: Figure 3.3. XPS results showing dat
Page 33 and 34: Figure 3.5. Intensity map at -1 eV
Page 35 and 36: Chapter 4 Gap opening in epitaxial
Page 37 and 38: Figure 4.2. Observation of the gap
Page 39 and 40: the EDCs as well as the region of e
Page 41 and 42: Figure 4.7. Dispersions measured in
Page 43 and 44: Figure 4.9. (a-c) LEEM images taken
Page 45 and 46: Figure 4.10. Proposed mechanism for
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 5 Metal-insulator transitio
Page 49 and 50: Figure 5.2. (a) Dispersions through
Page 51 and 52: Figure 5.3. (a-f) Data taken throug
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 6 Dirac fermions and effect
Page 55 and 56: Figure 6.2. Linear Λ-shaped disper
Page 57 and 58: Figure 6.4. Detailed low energy dis
Page 59 and 60: Figure 6.6. Detailed dispersion nea
Page 61 and 62: Chapter 7 ARPES study of partially
Page 63 and 64: Figure 7.2. (a) Fermi energy intens
Page 65 and 66: direction, i.e. perpendicular to gr
Page 67 and 68: Figure 7.5. ARPES intensity map mea
Page 69 and 70: Figure 7.7. (a) ARPES intensity map
Page 71 and 72: Figure 7.9. (a) ARPES intensity map
Page 73 and 74: 19. Hüfner, S. Photoelectron Spect
Page 75 and 76: 59. Jiang, Y. J., Yao, D.-Y., Carls
Page 77: 99. Luk’yanchuk, I. A. & Kopelevi
Page 81 and 82: 4.8 Thickness dependence of E D and
Page 83 and 84: 7.2 (a) Fermi energy intensity map.
show all

Dirac Fermions in Graphene and Graphiteâa view from angle ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?

Dirac Fermions in Graphene and Graphiteâa view from angle ...