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CHAPTER 12 ■ GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES 279 def save(event): file = open(filename.GetValue(), 'w') file.write(contents.GetValue()) file.close() And that’s it. Now I simply bind these to their respective buttons, and the program is ready to run. See Listing 12-6 for the final program. Listing 12-6. The Final GUI Program import wx def load(event): file = open(filename.GetValue()) contents.SetValue(file.read()) file.close() def save(event): file = open(filename.GetValue(), 'w') file.write(contents.GetValue()) file.close() app = wx.App() win = wx.Frame(None, title="Simple Editor", size=(410, 335)) bkg = wx.Panel(win) loadButton = wx.Button(bkg, label='Open') loadButton.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, load) saveButton = wx.Button(bkg, label='Save') saveButton.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, save) filename = wx.TextCtrl(bkg) contents = wx.TextCtrl(bkg, style=wx.TE_MULTILINE | wx.HSCROLL) hbox = wx.BoxSizer() hbox.Add(filename, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND) hbox.Add(loadButton, proportion=0, flag=wx.LEFT, border=5) hbox.Add(saveButton, proportion=0, flag=wx.LEFT, border=5) vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL) vbox.Add(hbox, proportion=0, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL, border=5) vbox.Add(contents, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.LEFT | wx.BOTTOM | wx.RIGHT, border=5) bkg.SetSizer(vbox) win.Show() app.MainLoop()
280 CHAPTER 12 ■ GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES You can try out the editor using the following steps: 1. Run the program. You should get a window like the one in the previous runs. 2. Type something in the large text area (for example, “Hello, world!”). 3. Type a file name in the small text field (for example, hello.txt). Make sure that this file does not already exist or it will be overwritten. 4. Click the Save button. 5. Close the editor window (just for fun). 6. Restart the program. 7. Type the same file name in the little text field. 8. Click the Open button. The text of the file should reappear in the large text area. 9. Edit the file to your heart’s content, and save it again. Now you can keep opening, editing, and saving until you grow tired of that—then you can start thinking of improvements. (How about allowing your program to download files with urllib, for example?) HEY! WHAT ABOUT PYW? In Chapter 1, I asked you to give your file the .pyw ending and double-click it (in Windows). Nothing happened, and I promised to explain it later. In Chapter 10, I mentioned it again, and said I’d explain it in this chapter. So I will. It’s no big deal, really. It’s just that when you double-click an ordinary Python script in Windows, a DOS window appears with a Python prompt in it. That’s fine if you use print and raw_input as the basis of your interface, but now that you know how to make graphical user interfaces, this DOS window will only be in your way. The truth behind the .pyw window is that it will run Python without the DOS window—which is just perfect for GUI programs. But I’d Rather Use . . . There are so many GUI toolkits for Python that I can’t possibly show you how to use all of them; I will, however, give you some examples from a couple of the more popular ones (Tkinter and Jython/Swing).
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Beginning Python From Novice to Pro
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For Ranveig
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■CHAPTER 23 Project 4: In the New
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viii ■CONTENTS Strings . . . . .
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About the Technical Reviewer ■JER
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Introduction A C program is like a
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140 CHAPTER 7 ■ MORE ABSTRACTION
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CHAPTER 9 ■ MAGIC METHODS, PROPER
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Index ■Symbols - operator 558 !=
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