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CHAPTER 1 ■ INSTANT HACKING: THE BASICS 3 Figure 1-1. The IDLE interactive Python shell Once you’ve got the IDLE interactive Python shell running, you can continue with the section “The Interactive Interpreter,” later in this chapter. Linux and UNIX In many, if not most, Linux and UNIX installations, a Python interpreter will already be present. You can check whether this is the case by running the python command at the prompt, as follows: $ python Running this command should start the interactive Python interpreter, with output similar to the following: Python 2.4 (#1, Dec 7 2004, 09:18:58) [GCC 3.4.1] on sunos5 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> ■Note To exit the interactive interpreter, use Ctrl-D (press the Ctrl key and while keeping that depressed, press D).
4 CHAPTER 1 ■ INSTANT HACKING: THE BASICS If there is no Python interpreter installed, you will probably get an error message similar to the following: bash: python: command not found In that case, you have to install Python yourself, as described in the following sections. Linux with RPM If you are running a Linux distribution with the RPM package manager installed, follow these steps to install the Python RPM packages: 1. Go to the download page (refer to steps 1 and 2 in the instructions for installing Python on a Windows system). 2. Follow the link with the most recent version number, such as “Python 2.4.” (Don’t choose a link with the word “sources” in it.) Chances are that this link will be found early on the page. For Python 2.4, you could simply go to the URL http://www.python.org/ 2.4. Follow the instructions for Fedora users: follow the link “RPMs.” 3. Download all the binary RPMs. Store them in a temporary location (such as ~/rpms/ python). 4. Make sure you are logged in as system administrator (root) and are currently in the directory where you stored the RPMs. Make sure there are no other RPMs in this directory. 5. Install the packages by executing the command rpm --install *.rpm. If you already have an older version of Python installed and wish to upgrade, you should instead use rpm --upgrade *.rpm. ■Caution The preceding command installs all the RPM files in the current directory. Make sure that you are in the correct directory and that it only contains the packages you want to install. If you want to be more careful, you can specify the name of each package separately. For more information about RPMs, check out the man page. You should now be able to run Python. On occasion, you may run into some unresolved dependencies—you may lack other RPM packages needed to install Python. To locate these packages, visit a search facility such as http://www.rpmfind.net. Sometimes a binary RPM package designed for one Linux distribution (for example, Red Hat Linux) may not work smoothly with another (for example, Mandrake Linux). If you find that the binary package is giving you grief, try downloading a source RPM instead (with a name like packagename.src.rpm). You can then build a set of binary packages tailored for your system with the command rpm --rebuild packagename.src.rpm
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CHAPTER 9 ■ MAGIC METHODS, PROPER
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572 APPENDIX C ■ ONLINE RESOURCES
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Index ■Symbols - operator 558 !=
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