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labour who are attending school, there are significant differentials by gender, residence, region,
mother s education level and household socio-economic status. Table 11.4 shows 16
percentage points difference for school-attending girls involved in child labour (42%) than for
school-attending boys (58%) involved in child labour. Children living in rural areas are
significantly less likely to be in school if they are participating in labour activities (49%) than
children living in urban areas who participate in labour activities (69%).
The rate of children involved in child labour who are attending school is almost three and a half
times higher for children in the Central Highlands region (75%) than for children in the
Southern region (22%). Children involved in child labour whose mothers have no education
(49%) are less likely to attend school compared with their counterparts whose mothers have
attained secondary education or higher (88%). Children involved in child labour who live in the
poorest households (38%) are less likely to attend school compared with children living in the
wealthiest households.
Child Discipline
As stated in A World Fit for Children, children must be protected against any acts of
violence. In addition, the Millennium Declaration calls for the protection of children against
abuse, exploitation and violence.
In the AMICS, mothers/caretakers of children aged 2-14 years were asked a series of questions
on the ways parents tend to discipline their children when they misbehave. Note that for the
child discipline module, one child aged 2-14 per household was randomly selected during
fieldwork. Out of these questions, the two indicators used to describe aspects of child
discipline are: 1) the number of children aged 2-14 years who experience psychological
aggression as punishment or minor physical punishment or severe physical punishment; and 2)
the number of parents/caretakers of children aged 2-14 years of age who believe that in order
to raise their children properly, they need to physically punish them. Table 11.5 shows the
percentage of children aged 2-14 years according to the method of discipline used with the
child.
Table 11.5: Child discipline
Percentage of children age 2-14 years according to method of disciplining the child, Afghanistan, 2010-2011
Percentage of children age 2-14 years who experienced:
Only nonviolent
discipline
Psychological
aggression
Physical punishment
Any
Any violent
discipline
method 1
Number of
children age
2-14 years
Respondent
believes that
the child
needs to be
physically
punished
Respondents
to the child
discipline
module
Sex
Male 12.0 61.7 69.2 39.7 74.8 24,197 41.3 6,076
Female 13.5 61.4 67.6 37.0 74.1 22,040 40.4 5,476
Region
Central 17.9 59.7 67.0 34.5 75.6 7,247 36.9 1,818
Central Highlands 25.8 44.7 50.3 27.1 59.6 1,693 37.7 397
East 7.7 73.9 78.5 53.3 83.9 5,887 58.6 1,358
North 20.1 60.2 65.2 34.8 72.2 6,447 48.1 1,665
Severe
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