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Percent distribution of household members according to type of cooking fuel used by the household, and percentage of household members living in households using solid fuels for cooking, Afghanistan, 2010-2011
Percentage of household members in households using:
Electricity
Liquefied
Petroleum
Gas (LPG)
Natural
Gas
Biogas
Kerosene
Coal,
lignite
Charcoal
Wood
Solid fuels
Straw,
shrubs,
grass
Animal
dung
Agricultural
crop
residue
No food
cooked in
the
household
Other Missing Total
Solid
fuels for
cooking 1
Number of
household
members
Fourth 0.1 2.9 5.2 0.1 0.0 0.7 1.5 57.0 13.9 15.5 2.6 0.0 0.3 0.2 100.0 91.1
Richest 1.3 15.2 49.8 0.1 0.0 0.5 1.4 23.6 3.7 3.6 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 100.0 33.2
Total 0.3 3.7 11.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.7 39.2 20.5 20.0 3.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 100.0 84.2 101,713
MICS Indicator 3.11
Overall, most households (84%) in Afghanistan are using solid fuels for cooking (Table 6.10). Use of solid fuels is low in urban areas (33%), but
very high in rural areas, where almost all households (95%) are using solid fuels. Differentials with respect to household wealth and the
educational level of the household head are also significant. The findings show that use of solid fuels is at 90% in households where the head of
household has no education, while it is 66% in households where the head of household has secondary education or higher. One in three of
the wealthiest households use solid fuel, while 99% of the poorest households use solid fuel, demonstrating striking differentials by household
socio-economic status. The table also clearly shows that the overall percentage of use of solid fuels is high due to use of wood for cooking
purposes (39%), use of straw/shrubs/grass (21%), and use of animal dung (20%).
Solid fuel use alone is a poor proxy for indoor air pollution, since the concentration of the pollutants is different when the same fuel is burned
in different stoves or fires. Use of closed stoves with chimneys minimizes indoor pollution, while open stoves or fires with no chimney or
hood means that there is no protection from the harmful effects of solid fuels. Solid fuel use by place of cooking is shown in Table 6.11.
20,345
20,347
64