05.11.2014 Views

Vol 21 No. 1

Vol 21 No. 1

Vol 21 No. 1

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

J Bagh College Dentistry <strong>Vol</strong>. <strong>21</strong>(1), 2009 Mandibular antegonial …..<br />

backward positioned the notch deepens, which<br />

come in agreement with Singer et al (13) ,<br />

Lambrechts et al (8) , Wu and Zhang (25) , and Zhang<br />

et al (26) . This vertical growth pattern also<br />

explains the increase in the AFH.<br />

The mean value of SN-Max.P angle showed no<br />

significant difference between the groups (table<br />

3), which may contribute to the increase in the<br />

lower facial height as that reported by Proffit et<br />

al (27) , ''In long face individuals, who have<br />

excessive lower anterior face height, the palatal<br />

plane rotates down posteriorly''.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

1. Kolodziej RP, Southard TE, Southard KA, Casko<br />

JS, Jakobsen JR. Evaluation of antegonial notch<br />

depth for growth prediction. Am J Orthod Dentofac<br />

Orthop 2002; 1<strong>21</strong>(4): 357-63.<br />

2. Hirschfeldt WJ, Moyers RE. Prediction of<br />

craniofacial growth: The state of art. Am J Orthod<br />

1971; 60(5): 435-41.<br />

3. Broadbent BH. The face of the normal child. Angle<br />

Orthod 1937; 7(4): 183-208.<br />

4. Björk A. Variations in the growth pattern of the<br />

human mandible: Longitudinal radiographic study of<br />

the implant method. J Dent Res 1963; 42(1): 400-11.<br />

5. Björk A. Prediction of mandibular growth rotation.<br />

Am J Orthod 1969; 55(6): 585-99.<br />

6. Björk A, Skieller V. <strong>No</strong>rmal and abnormal growth<br />

of the mandible: A synthesis of longitudinal<br />

cephalometric implant studies over a period of 25<br />

year. Eur J Orthod 1983; 5(1): 1-46.<br />

7. Enlow DH. The human face. Hoeber Medical<br />

Division, New York: Harper and Row; 1968.<br />

8. Lambrechts AH, Harris AM, Rossouw PE, Stander<br />

I. Dimensional differences in the craniofacial<br />

morphologies of groups with deep and shallow<br />

mandibular antegonial notching. Angle Orthod<br />

1996; 66(4): 265-72.<br />

9. Brodie AG. Behavior of normal and abnormal facial<br />

growth patterns. Am J Orthod 1941; 27: 633-47.<br />

10. Engel MB, Brodie AG. Condylar growth and<br />

mandibular deformities. Surgery 1947; 22: 976-92.<br />

11. Björk A, Skieller V. Facial development and tooth<br />

eruption: An implant study at the age of puberty.<br />

Am J Orthod 1972; 62(4): 339-83.<br />

12. Becker MH, Coccaro PJ, Converse JM. Antegonial<br />

notching of the mandible: An often overlooked<br />

mandibular deformity in congenital and acquired<br />

disorders. Radiology J 1976; 1<strong>21</strong>(1): 149-51.<br />

13. Singer CP, Mamandras AH, Hunter WS. The depth<br />

of the mandibular antegonial notch as an indicator of<br />

mandibular growth potential. Am J Orthod Dentofac<br />

Orthop 1987; 91(2): 117-24.<br />

14. Houston WJB. Walther's orthodontic notes. 4 th ed.<br />

Wright. PSG; 1983. p. 24.<br />

15. Foster TD. A textbook of orthodontics. 2 nd ed.<br />

Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1985. p. 93.<br />

16. Rani MS. Synopsis of orthodontics. India: Laxman<br />

Chand Arya, A.I.T.B.S. Publishers and Distributors;<br />

1995. p. 113.<br />

17. Mitchell L, Carter NE. An introduction to<br />

orthodontics. 1 st ed. (reprinted) New York: Oxford<br />

University Press Inc.; 1998. p. 60.<br />

18. Dutra V, Yang J, Delvin H, Susin C. Mandibular<br />

bone remodeling in adults: Evaluation of panoramic<br />

radiographs. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2004; 33(5):<br />

323-8. (British Institute of Radiology)<br />

19. AL-Attar AM. The relationship between mandibular<br />

antegonial notch depth and craniofacial morphology<br />

in Iraqi sample aged 18-25 years. A master thesis,<br />

Department of Orthodontics, University of Baghdad,<br />

2006.<br />

20. Ali IM, Yamada K, Hanada K. Mandibular<br />

antegonial and ramus notch depths and condylar<br />

bone change. J Oral Rehabil 2005; 32(1): 1-6.<br />

<strong>21</strong>. Enlow DH. Rotations of the mandible during<br />

growth. Cited by McNamara JA Jr, ed. Determinants<br />

of mandibular form and growth. Monograph 4,<br />

Craniofacial Growth Series. Ann Arbor: Center for<br />

Human Growth and Development, University of<br />

Michigan, 1975.<br />

22. Houghton P. Polynesian mandibles. J Anat 1978;<br />

127: 251- 60.<br />

23. Schendel SA, Eisenfeld J, Bell WH, Epker BN,<br />

Mishelevich DJ. The long face syndrome: Vertical<br />

maxillary excess. Am J Orthod 1976; 70(4): 398-<br />

408.<br />

24. Isaacson JR, Isaacson RJ, Speidel TM, Worms FW.<br />

Extreme variation in vertical facial growth and<br />

associated variation in skeletal and dental relations.<br />

Angle Orthod 1971; 41(3): <strong>21</strong>9-29.<br />

25. Wu JY, Zhang M. A comparative study of<br />

craniofacial morphologic differences between<br />

groups with shallow and deep antegonial notch<br />

depth. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2001; 10(3):<br />

<strong>21</strong>7-20.<br />

26. Zhang M, Zhao Q, Chen YX. Dimensional<br />

differences in craniofacial morphologies of<br />

prepubescence Cl II patients with deep and shallow<br />

mandibular antegonial notching. Hua Xi Kou Qiang<br />

Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006; 24(2): 124-5.<br />

27. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary<br />

orthodontics. 4 th ed. Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of<br />

Elsevier Inc.; 2007. p. 117.<br />

Orthodontics, Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 111

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!