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J Bagh College Dentistry Vol. 21(1), 2009 Clinical observation of … were done for them, 4 patients 40 % of them had positive pathergy test. This is compatible with other studies in that were done in Turkey, Iran, Jordanian, Iraq which stated that patients that had three or more episodes of oral ulceration in a year duration may have positive pathergy test, at same time patients with no Behcet's disease may have negative result of pathergy test, or normal individuals may have false positive pathergy test, so for diagnosis of Behcet's disease (8,9) 20.Aydemir S, Tekin NS, Aktun E, et al. Celiac disease in patients having recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Turk J Gastroenterol 2004; Sep: 15(3):192-5. 21.Robinson NA, Porter SR. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2004; July: 33(4 suppl): 43-7. REFERENCES 1. Rogers RS 3 rd . Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: clinical characteristics and associated systemic disorders. Semin Cutan Med Surg 1997 Dec; 16(4):278-283. 2.Bornstein MM, Suter VG, Stauffer E, Buser D. The CO2 Laser in Stomatology: part 2. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed. 2003; 113(7):766-85. 3. Scully C. Clinical practice. Aphthous ulceration. N Engl J Med 2006; Jul: 13: 355(2): 165-72. 4. Greenberg MS, Pinto A. Recurrent apthous ulcerative disease: presentation and management. Australian Dental J 2007; 52(1). 5. Petersen MJ, Baughman RA. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: primary care management. Nurse Pract 1996; May: 21(5):36-40, 42, and 47. 6.Schneider LC, Schneider AE. Diagnosis of oral ulcers. Mt Sinai J Med 1998; Oct-Nov; 65 (5-6):383-7. 7.MacPhail L. Topical and systemic therapy for recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Semin Cutan Med Surg 1997; Dec; 16(4):301-7. 8.Kontogiannis V, Powell RJ. Behcrt’s disease. Postgrand Med J 2000; 76:629-37. 9.Lee LA. Behcrt’s disease. Semin Cutan Med Surg 2001; 20:53-7. 10.Porter S, Scully C. Aphthous ulcers (recurrent). Clin Evid 2004; 12: 360-1. 11.Ship JA, Chavez EM, Doerr PA, et al. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Quintessence Int 2000; Feb: 31(2):95-112. 12.Porter SR, Hegarty A, Kaliakatsou F, Hodgson TA, Scully C. Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Clin Dermatol 2000; Sept-Oct:18(5):569. 13.Scully C, Gorsky M, Lozada-Nur F. The diagnosis and management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a consensus approach. J Am Dent Assoc 2003; 134:200- 7. 14.Porter SR, Scully C, Pedersen A. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 1998; 9(3):306-21. 15.Soto Araya M, Rojas Alcayaga G, Esguep A. Association between psychological disorders and presence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Med Oral 2004; Jan-Feb: 9(1):1-7. 16.Piskin S, Sayan C, Durukan N, Senol M. Serum iron, ferritin, folic acid, & Vitamin B12 levels in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2002; 16:66-7. 17.Akintoye SO, Greenberg MS. Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis. Dent Clin North Am 2005; Jan: 49(1):31-47. 18.Serdarorlu P. Behcet’s disease and the nervous system. J Neurol 1998; 245:197-205. 19.Eguia A, Villarroel M, Echebarria MA, Aguirre JM. Med Oral Pathol Oral Cir Bucal 2006; Jan: 11(1):E6-11. Oral Diagnosis 79
J Bagh College Dentistry Vol. 21(1), 2009 Prevalence of dentine…. Prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in different age groups Abdul-Karim A. A. Al- Muhammadawi , B.D.S, M. Sc. (1) ABSTRACT Background: Hypersensitivity of teeth is a common condition. It indicates that enamel or cementum is not present on teeth cervical area and that dentine is exposed, therefore; it will be sensitive to stimuli like tactile, thermal, .etc. Materials & Methods: Hypersensitivity was recorded as present or absent on probing the surfaces of teeth in 500 subjects attending Oral diagnosis clinic, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad. The subjects were examined for Tooth / root exposure, Oral hygiene status, and cervical abrasions. Results: Seventy five patients of 500 (15%) showed hypersensitive teeth and a total of 330 teeth were found to be sensitive. Hypersensitivity was observed in 16 years of age and more, with highest incidence between 26-35 years. The intraoral distribution showed that half hypersensitive teeth are the upper and lower premolars. The lower molars were the less affected teeth. Conclusion: The most affected intraoral areas on the vestibular surfaces of teeth, most frequently affected teeth are 1 st premolars. Correlation with other factors like root exposure and cervical abrasion suggests the occurrence of hypersensitive teeth and to be enhanced by improper oral hygiene habits. Key words: Dentine hypersensitivity, hypersensitive teeth, abrasion (J Bagh Coll Dentistry 2009; 21(1): 80-83) INTRODUCTION Hypersensitivity of teeth is a common condition with an estimated prevalence of 15-30 % ( 1-3) . It indicates that enamel or cementum is not present on teeth cervical area and that dentine is exposed, therefore; it will be sensitive to stimuli like tactile, thermal, .etc. (4, 5) . Hirsefeld carried out a clinical study on tooth brush trauma which discussed the connection of tooth brush to lesions of gingival margin, recession, cervical abrasion and hypersensitivity (6) . Graf and Galasse stated that 51 patients of 351 (14.5%) showed hypersensitive teeth and he suggests that incorrect tooth brushing factors enhance the occurrence of hypersensitive teeth (7) . Another study done by Addy had shown that gingival recession which is due to faulty tooth brushing and presence of plaque are factors in the etiology of hypersensitive teeth, however his results showed that brushing is relevant with distribution of hypersensitive teeth but plaque is not a factor in pain initiation. He showed also that sensitivity scores were greater in upper canines and premolars with an increase in mean findings for left compared with right contra- lateral teeth (8) . Moreover, Wichgers and Emert showed nearly 20% of adults have dentine hypersensitive and problem become even more common as people retain their teeth longer and more dental surfaces exposed (9, 10) . (1) Assistant lecturer, Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad A positive relationship between root exposure and cervical abrasion was founded and the exposed roots in middle age group showed more abrasion areas and were more frequently in patients with better oral hygiene (11-13) . No epidemiological data could be found in the literatures about the prevalence and intraoral distribution of hypersensitive teeth in Iraqi people. The purpose of the study was to fill this gap of knowledge and find correlation with factors that may be associated with hypersensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypersensitivity was recorded as present or absent on probing the surfaces of teeth in 500 subjects attending Oral diagnosis clinic, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad. The subjects were examined for: 1- Tooth and/ or root exposure as to be more than 1mm according to Kitchen (14) . 2- Oral hygiene status assessed according to Sangners and Gjermo (15) . 3- Cervical abrasions were recorded according to Bergestrom and Laustedt (1) . The distribution of subjects and number of teeth present are shown in Table 1 according to age and gender. RESULTS Prevalence and distribution of hypersensitive teeth in subjects according to age and gender is shown in table 2. A total of 75 persons (15%) Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology 80
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