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Biostatistics

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REVIEW QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES 391<br />

42. The objective of a study by Yamashita et al. (A-45) was to investigate whether pentoxifylline<br />

administered in the flush solution or during reperfusion would reduce ischemia-reperfusion lung<br />

injury in preserved canine lung allografts. Three groups of animals were studied. Pentoxifylline was<br />

not administered to animals in group 1 (C), was administered only during the reperfusion period (P)<br />

to animals in group 2, and was administered only in the flush solution to animals in group 3 (F). A<br />

total of 14 left lung allotransplantations were performed. The following are the aortic pressure<br />

readings for each animal during the 6-hour assessment period:<br />

Group<br />

0<br />

min<br />

60<br />

min<br />

120<br />

min<br />

180<br />

min<br />

240<br />

min<br />

300<br />

min<br />

360<br />

min<br />

C 85.0 100.0 120.0 80.0 72.0 75.0<br />

C 85.0 82.0 80.0 80.0 85.0 80.0 80.0<br />

C 100.0 75.0 85.0 98.0 85.0 80.0 82.0<br />

C 57.0 57.0 57.0 30.0<br />

<br />

C 57.0 75.0 52.0 56.0 65.0 95.0 75.0<br />

P 112.0 67.0 73.0 90.0 71.0 70.0 66.0<br />

P 92.0 70.0 90.0 80.0 75.0 80.0<br />

2 <br />

P 105.0 62.0 73.0 75.0 70.0 55.0 50.0<br />

P 80.0 73.0 50.0 35.0<br />

<br />

F 70.0 95.0 105.0 115.0 110.0 105.0 100.0<br />

F 60.0 63.0 140.0 135.0 125.0 130.0 120.0<br />

F 67.0 65.0 75.0 75.0 80.0 80.0 80.0<br />

F 115.0 107.0 90.0 103.0 110.0 112.0 95.0<br />

F 90.0 99.0 102.0 110.0 117.0 118.0 103.0<br />

Missing observation.<br />

Source: Data provided courtesy of Dr. Motohiro Yamashita.<br />

43. In a study investigating the relative bioavailability of beta-carotene (BC) and alpha-carotene<br />

(AC) from different sources of carrots, Zhou et al. (A-46) used ferrets as experimental animals.<br />

Among the data collected were the following concentrations of BC, AC, and AC/BC molar ratios<br />

in the sera of 24 ferrets provided with different sources of carotenoids for 3 days in their drinking<br />

water:<br />

<br />

BC<br />

(mmol/g)<br />

AC<br />

(mmol/g)<br />

Unheated Juice<br />

AC/BC<br />

(mol/mol)<br />

0.637 0.506 0.795<br />

0.354 0.297 0.840<br />

0.287 0.249 0.869<br />

0.533 0.433 0.813<br />

0.228 0.190 0.833<br />

0.632 0.484 0.767<br />

Heated Juice<br />

0.303 0.266 0.878<br />

0.194 0.180 0.927<br />

(Continued)

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