Biostatistics

404 CHAPTER 8 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
61. According to Takahashi et al. (A-64) research indicates that there is an association between
alterations in calcium metabolism and various bone diseases in patients with other disabilities.
Using subjects with severe mental retardation (mean age 16 years) who had been living in institutions
for most of their lives, Takahashi et al. examined the relationship between bone change and other
variables. Subjects were divided into groups on the basis of severity of bone change. Among the data
collected were the following serum alkaline phosphatase (IU/L) values:
Grade I: 109, 86, 79, 103, 47, 105, 188, 96, 249
Grade II: 86, 106, 164, 146, 111, 263, 162, 111
Grade III: 283, 201, 208, 301, 135, 192, 135, 83, 193, 175, 174, 193, 224,
192, 233
Source: Data provided courtesy of Dr. Mitsugi Takahashi.
62. Research indicates that dietary copper deficiency reduces growth rate in rats. In a related study, Allen
(A-65) assigned weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats to one of three food groups: copper-deficient
(CuD), copper-adequate (CuA), and pair-fed (PF). Rats in the PF group were initially weightmatched
to rats of the CuD group and then fed the same weight of the CuA diet as that consumed by
their CuD counterparts. After 20 weeks, the rats were anesthetized, blood samples were drawn, and
organs were harvested. As part of the study the following data were collected:
Rat
Diet
Body
weight
(BW)(g)
Heart
weight
(HW)(g)
Liver
weight
(LW)(g)
Kidney
weight
(KW)(g)
Spleen
weight
(SW)(g)
1 253.66 0.89 2.82 1.49 0.41
2 400.93 1.41 3.98 2.15 0.76
3 CuD 355.89 1.24 5.15 2.27 0.69
4 404.70 2.18 4.77 2.99 0.76
6 397.28 0.99 2.34 1.84 0.50
7 421.88 1.20 3.26 2.32 0.79
8 PF 386.87 0.88 3.05 1.86 0.84
9 401.74 1.02 2.80 2.06 0.76
10 437.56 1.22 3.94 2.25 0.75
11 490.56 1.21 4.51 2.30 0.78
12 528.51 1.34 4.38 2.75 0.76
13 CuA 485.51 1.36 4.40 2.46 0.82
14 509.50 1.27 4.67 2.50 0.79
15 489.62 1.31 5.83 2.74 0.81
Rat
Diet
HW/BW
(g/100 g)
LW/BW
(g/100 g)
KW/BW
(g/100 g)
SW/BW
(g/100 g)
Ceruloplasmin
(mg/dl)
1 0.00351 0.01112 0.00587 0.00162 nd
2 0.00352 0.00993 0.00536 0.00190 5.27
3 CuD 0.00348 0.01447 0.00638 0.00194 4.80
4 0.00539 0.01179 0.00739 0.00188 4.97
(Continued)