The Training of Trainers Manual - UNFPA

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implementation of the Y-PEER online community (www.youthpeer.org). Due to numerous requests by local NGOs, in 2005, Y-PEER began the process of ‘going global’, beginning expansion into countries in the Middle East and Africa. Y-PEER was established as a response to recommendations from a UNFPAcommissioned assessment of peer education efforts in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The assessment found that hundreds of peer-education-related manuals were available in the region; however, they primarily provided medical information about sexual and reproductive health, including HIV/AIDS. Few discussed the logistics of recruitment and supervision of peer educators, the sustainability of peer education initiatives, the specific needs of diverse youth target audiences, the theory behind behaviour change interventions, or comprehensive approaches to behaviour change. Few provided information for peer educators on how to reach their peers or how to organize, monitor, report, and improve their work. The Training of Trainers Manual was developed to fill these gaps. It provides a comprehensive training programme that can be used by ‘master’ level peer educators and trainers. Activities were developed based on experience in the field during subregional workshops, on evidence from the literature, and from successful Y-PEER peer education programmes. The manual uses participatory techniques based on a variety of theoretical frameworks to ensure that future trainers of peer educators are skilled and confident in their abilities to train peer educators and serve as informed resources for their peers. It also explains how the work of peer educators fits within a systematic approach to behaviour change on individual and societal levels. Special attention is given to gender and cultural sensitivity and to youth participation in health education. This training curriculum focuses on sexual and reproductive health and the prevention and management of HIV, other STIs, and substance abuse. However, this training programme does not − and cannot − claim to cover all possible variations of these themes. To supplement the training of peer educators, Y-PEER has created an interactive CD-ROM and web-based training tool with technical, detailed information about HIV/AIDS and reproductive health. Contents of the manual This new edition of the manual has been revised with updated content and adapted for an international audience. Trainers are encouraged to adapt exercises as needed for their own projects. 9
The manual is composed of four main sections: ■ Section 1. From Theory to Practice in Peer Education reviews the definition of peer education and its rationale and value in the context of different behaviour change theories and models. ■ Section 2. Guidelines for Training of Trainers: A Curriculum provides the outline of a suggested six-day training of trainers (TOT) workshop. For each of the training topics, the curriculum provides appropriate training exercises and notes. The exercises are described in detail so that they can be reproduced easily in future trainings. ■ Section 3. A Sample Peer Education Session on HIV/AIDS presents an example of a peer education activity for use in the field. It describes a three- to four-hour HIV/AIDS education session that can be presented to a group of adolescents. ■ Section 4. Participant Handouts includes 20 handouts that are used in the six-day training. Several annexes are included as well. A catalogue of selected resources contains guidelines on peer education, research resources, training manuals, resource guides, peer education journals, and a list of useful websites. The annexes also include samples of additional training exercises. This second edition of the Training of Trainers Manual is part of an expanded Youth Peer Education Toolkit that includes: ■ Standards for Peer Education Programmes ■ Theatre-Based Techniques for Youth Peer Education: A Training Manual ■ Performance Improvement: A Guide for Managers ■ Assessment Tool for Youth Peer Education Programmes Who should use this manual This manual can be used by anyone seeking to provide higher level training to experienced peer educators on issues related to the design, implementation, and evaluation of peer education programmes. It is important to note that while this manual was created for the Y-PEER Initiative, it can easily be used and adapted by any experienced peer educators. Also, although the scope of Y-PEER’s work is in sexual and reproductive health and HIV/AIDS prevention, the methodology described in detail in this publication can be adapted to fit any health-related topic where education, awareness, or change of behaviour is desired, such as programmes on violence, dietary habits, and so on. Although the primary audience of Y-PEER is young people (ages 10 to 24), the methodology of peer education can be used with any age group in almost any cultural setting. Within the Y-PEER Initiative, the manual is intended to be used by experienced trainers of peer educators, sometimes called ‘master’ or advanced trainers. 10 Training of Trainers Manual
Page 1 and 2: Youth Peer Education Toolkit Traini
Page 3 and 4: This publication was made possible
Page 5 and 6: TOT Workshop Day 3 70 Getting start
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgements The first edition
Page 9: Introduction Since the inception of
Page 13 and 14: S e c t i o n 1 From Theory to Prac
Page 15 and 16: 1 From Theory to Practice in Peer E
Page 17 and 18: The theoretical base for peer educa
Page 19 and 20: Health belief model The health beli
Page 21 and 22: Translating theory into practice Wh
Page 23 and 24: Use of role plays and other theatre
Page 25 and 26: 2 Guidelines for Training of Traine
Page 27 and 28: training or when supervising peer e
Page 29 and 30: The workshop agenda: an overview Da
Page 31 and 32: Getting Started Workshop opening Th
Page 33 and 34: Introduction to the training method
Page 35 and 36: Things to consider when using energ
Page 37 and 38: Begin the game as described above.
Page 39 and 40: Training topic Peer education - the
Page 41 and 42: Exercise: Theory - practise it 30 m
Page 43 and 44: written on the flip chart (if they
Page 45 and 46: The following exercises will help p
Page 47 and 48: Training topic Introduction to team
Page 49 and 50: Exercise: The human knot Objectives
Page 51 and 52: Closure Lead a discussion about how
Page 53 and 54: The scenarios described above may o
Page 55 and 56: TOT Workshop Day 2 Getting started
Page 57 and 58: Explain that the choices for ending
Page 59 and 60: Exercise: STI challenge Objective T
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Training note The following are exa
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Ask each group to write on the flip
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Explain to participants that when e
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Exercise: Do you agree 45 minutes O
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Training note When integrating a ge
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Ensure that both columns include po
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TOT Workshop Day 3 Getting started
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Training topic Techniques for build
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Exercise: Saying ‘no’ role play
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Training note Remember that abstain
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Process Begin the exercise with a r
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Those of you who selected the paper
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Closure Allow the participants to t
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Getting Started Stretching exercise
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Also suitable for training of peer
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What sort of lifestyle do you have
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Exercise: One day in my life Object
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■ Tanya, age 16, three months pre
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Process Introduce this exercise to
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Wrap-up The facilitator provides a
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Getting Started Stretching exercise
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▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Do invite your
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Closure Explain that no matter what
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Exercise: Debate - how to retain pe
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Stress and self-care Peer educators
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Balancing act - keeping the energy
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■ Is relationship oriented ■ Ad
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TOT Workshop Day 6 Getting started
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To introduce the topic, mention tha
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■ What do we evaluate in our proj
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they argue that programmes are more
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Exercise: Introduction of the spect
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Returning to the example, ask the p
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Closure Ask one participant from ea
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126 Training of Trainers Manual
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3 A Sample Peer Education Session o
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Why we are here For this exercise,
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HIV/AIDS: Basic facts and questions
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S e c t i o n 4 Participant Handout
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The health belief model The health
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7. A person with herpes can infect
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Youth involvement This term is ofte
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Youth-adult partnership A true part
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■ Youth as partners. Adults who h
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Impact on youth Youth participation
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■ Organizations placed a greater
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7. HIV can also be transmitted when
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Annex 1 • Sample Pre-training and
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20 Please specify two to three crit
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10 Provide definitions for: Gender
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27 Please specify two to three crit
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■ Women should remain virgins unt
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Suitable for Peer educators’ trai
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Annex 3 • Skills Rating Form 3 Th
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Annex 4 • Annotated Peer Educatio
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Summary Booklet of Best Practices J
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Together We Can: Peer Educator’s
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contains a theoretical section and
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6. Journals Xcellent. The journal o
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Annex 5 • Exercises Used in Secti
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