The Lewis River Hydroelectric Projects - PacifiCorp

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impact of its advance, bowling them over, piling them in heaps, pushing through roads and railroads, ripping at piers and bursting dikes, drowning cattle and thousands of chickens, transporting tons of silt and boulders and trees on its turgid tide.” The cause of the flood was discovered within two days. In a high mountain depression in the headwaters of Dry Creek (which enters the Lewis River just upstream of the Beaver Bay boat launch), rain and snowmelt had accumulated, forming a lake. The lake rested in a bowl of basalt formed by a 100-year-old lava flow, which lay atop soft sediments, which in turn lay atop another basalt flow. Both lava flows were riddled with lava tubes that had been packed full of sediment. The water had worked its way through the lava, forcing sediment out of some of the tubes and causing faster and faster lake drainage as the blockages eroded away. Downstream, the increasing torrent ripped deep into the ground and surged into the Lewis River. Before it abated, the flood scoured a 600-foot-deep canyon (Christmas Canyon) adjoining the Lewis River. The surge carried trees and other debris downstream, dumping it by the ton into the newly-formed Lake Merwin. Ariel Dam operators allowed the maximum amount of water to surge through the dam’s structure, but water still rose, eventually overtopping the spillway. Flooding downstream at Woodland was extensive with flows exceeding 133,000 cfs—more than six times normal flow. The high lake continued to drain, creating a muddy flood through Christmas Canyon, for over a month after the initial breach. Sidebar Caption: The morning before the flood, far up the Lewis, a CCC crew of 200 had been at work on forest projects when nearby Dry Creek began to rise. Sensing trouble, the commander had ordered an evacuation. The men toppled a few large trees across the now-raging torrent and 135 men teetered across to safety as the flood rose to engulf their makeshift bridge. Hydro-stats: Hydroelectric power icon Swift Dam: Year completed—1958; Crest length—2100 feet feet; Maximum height—512 feet; Annual power generation: 677,555 Mwh (enough to power over 89,000 homes). Images: Graph of flow oscillations, showing how dams can dampen oscillations but not prevent them. Images of high waters. Diagram of dam and reservoir, showing how a buffer of storage space is kept. Historic photos of the Dry Creek flood. Appendix 1: panel profiles Lewis River Draft I&E Plan page 45
Swift Forest Camp—Local Welcome Sign Location: Size: Title: Main Content: Swift Forest Camp TBD Swift Forest Camp Welcome to Swift Forest Camp. This facility is owned and operated by the power company PacifiCorp, which provides public recreation opportunities along the reservoirs of the Lewis River. This remote shoreline campground and day use area is a popular spot to launch boats for fishing on 11.5 mile-long Swift Reservoir. Swift Forest Camp also features 93 campsites, a picnic area, swimming beaches, and restrooms. Sidebar: Even with all of the rough work of pioneer life, early Lewis River homesteaders still had time and energy for play. And although community dances, traveling lectures, magic shows and other indoor amusements were well-attended, some of the most popular forms of recreation took the pioneers outdoors, far afield of their already “wild” back yards. Shouldering their bedrolls, rifles, cookpots, salt pork and beans, valley residents regularly set off for backcountry adventure. Some carried fishing rods, salt, and cans to pack their catch home. Others hunted deer or bear. Some were semi-serious gold prospectors, systematically investigating the hundreds of small mountain streams. Lake Merrill, in a valley above Cougar, was a popular destination for families out for a weekend of fishing, and boy scouts testing their woods skills. A wagon road was a slight improvement over the old trail, but it still took the better part of a day for a family to get to the shoreline campsites. Many early recreationists explored the slopes of Mt. St. Helens and Mt. Adams. One party of young men made their way halfway up the slopes of Mt. St. Helens completely barefoot, finally donnng their boots when the lava got too sharp. Others enjoyed summer snowslides on the upper mountain slopes. Sidebar Caption: Photo of exploring party at lava tube One popular local expedition was a trip to explore one of the many lava tubes on the slopes of Mt. St. Helens in the upper valley. Ole’s Caves, discovered by local character Ole Peterson, and Ape Cave, discovered in 1950 and first explored by a troop of Boy Scouts under the leadership of Yale resident Harry Reese, were well-known. The scout troop called themselves “The Apes”—hence the name of the cove. Appendix 1: panel profiles Lewis River Draft I&E Plan page 46
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The Lewis River Hydroelectric Projects - PacifiCorp

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