Customary Land Tenure in Liberia - Land Tenure and Property ...

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113 Dispute Resolution Concessions and Protected Areas Women’s Land Rights representative quotas, capacity building of women and youth leaders, and campaigns aimed at casting women and youth as competent leaders. Remove land and governance authority of Clan and Paramount Chiefs, except where they are deemed the appropriate authorities of core tenure units. Vest governance authorities selected by core tenure units with the authority to resolve local land disputes. Strengthen the authority and legitimacy of the dispute resolution hierarchy to deal with land disputes between communities and outsiders. Reinforce the ability of administrative and judicial dispute resolution authorities to apply customary law, thereby bolstering their legitimacy. Renegotiate irregularly acquired concessions in the Community Land area. Mandate that, upon expiry of existing concessions, land be returned to Community Land to enable communities to exert community rights and have them documented. Promote co-management and co-governance arrangements between FDA and communities in protected areas. Require that new protected areas are negotiated with local communities before they are established, and that communities are properly compensated for any rights lost. Invest in social interventions that influence attitudes and behaviors limiting women‟s land rights, including rights education, mobilizing women to press for changes to customs. Strengthen laws to protect women‟s rights in their natal and marital communities. CUSTOMARY LAND TENURE IN LIBERIA
114 REFERENCES SECONDARY SOURCES Akingbade, Harrison. (1994). The Pacification of the Liberian Hinterland. The Journal of Negro History, 79(3), 277-296. Bellachew, B. (2009). Some Observations on the Status of Coffee Production in Liberia. Inter-Africa Coffee Organization (IACO). URL: http://www.iaco-oiac.org/pdf/report-Liberia-Feb-09.pdf. Blanchard, D. G. (1967). The Development of Small Farm Agriculture in Liberia. Paper submitted to USAID. Bledsoe, Caroline. (1976). Women‟s Marital Strategies among the Kpelle of Liberia. Journal of Anthropological Research, 32(4), 372-389. Brown, David. (1982). On the Category of „Civilized‟ in Liberia and Elsewhere. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 20(2), 287-303. Bruce, John W. and Boakai N. Kanneh. (2011). Reform of Liberia‟s Civil Law Concerning Land: A Proposed Strategy Report to the Land Commission. Cobb, R. et al. (1979). Impact of Rural Roads in Liberia. Report prepared for USAID. Cocoa Beans Daily Price. URL: http://www.indexmundi.com/commodities/commodity=cocoabeans&months=120. Accessed on 26 October 2011. Corriveau-Bourque, Alexandre. (2009). This land is not for you. Post-war land tenure systems in crisis in central and northwestern Liberia. Thesis submitted to McGill University, Department of Geography. Currens, Gerald. (1976). Women, Men, and Rice: Agricultural Innovation in Northwestern Liberia. Human Organization 35(4), 355-365. De Datta, Surajit K. (1975). Upland Rice around the World. In Major Research in Upland Rice. URL: http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/uplandrice/majorResUpland.pdf Deininger, K., Ed. (2003). Land policies for growth and poverty reduction. A World Bank Policy Research Report. Washington DC: The World Bank and Oxford University Press. FEWS-NET (Famine Early Warning System Network). (2011). Livelihoods Zoning “Plus” Activities in Liberia. URL: http://www.fews.net/docs/Publications/LR_zonedescription_en.pdf. Guannu, J. (2000). A Short History of Liberian Republic. Behrman House Publishing. Hughes, D. et al. (1989). Liberia Agricultural Marketing Study. United Stated Agency for International Development (USAID), i. URL: http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNABD584.pdf. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC). (2010). Liberia. URL: http://www.internaldisplacement.org/publications/global-overview-2010-africa-liberia.pdf. Knight, Rachael, Silas Sikor, and Ali Kaba. (2011). The Community Land Titling Initiative. Liberia Report. Rome: International Development Law Organization and the Sustainable Development Initiative. CUSTOMARY LAND TENURE IN LIBERIA
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LAND POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL SUPPO
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LIBERIA LAND POLICY & INSTITUTIONAL
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ii 1.0 Introduction ...............
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iv 4.2.1 Statutory Tenure Claims by
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vi 7.3.2 Courts ...................
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viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Ma
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x ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS CDC CF
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xii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report s
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xiv game for both sale and consumpt
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xvi manage tree crops where these a
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xviii In the clans we visited, stat
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xx DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS Di
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xxii Recommended measures include t
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xxiv Remove land and governance au
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2 This chapter begins with a presen
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4 1.2 LAND TENURE AND RURAL LIVELIH
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6 (Renner, 1931). Initially lacking
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8 1.3 HISTORY OF LAND TENURE IN LIB
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10 Certificate is merely a permit t
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12 however, rights granted to commu
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14 2.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This ch
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16 Figure 2.2: FEWS-NET map of Libe
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18 In each case, after completion o
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20 3.0 LAND USE AND LIVELIHOODS Thi
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22 Upland Rice Cultivated in each o
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24 money quickly. However, they als
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26 3.2.2 Trees In addition to food
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28 large rubber farms ranging from
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30 tasks assigned to women and vice
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32 3.2.7 Hunting and Fishing In mos
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34 bush and fell trees on a farmer
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36 men‟s focus on life tree culti
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38 from one or more patrilineages,
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40 Figure 4.1: Access to land for f
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42 Figure 4.2: Children’s acquisi
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44 Figure 4.3: Profile of borrowing
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46 he/she is fully integrated as a
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48 widows will sometimes marry a ma
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50 Several communities have rules g
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52 Bush and Forest Resources In all
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54 Water and Fishing Access to wate
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56 Other factors cited for contribu
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58 Figure 4.6: Presence of differen
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60 bush resources largely follows c
Page 89 and 90: 62 In Ylan, some land is held under
Page 91 and 92: 64 the majority of studied clans, t
Page 93 and 94: 66 We also found that, in the clans
Page 95 and 96: 68 In some clans such as Upper Work
Page 97 and 98: 70 Town Chiefs Town Chiefs represen
Page 99 and 100: 72 dispute resolution. 55 While in
Page 101 and 102: 74 such as Clan and Paramount Chief
Page 103 and 104: 76 some women who held positions as
Page 105 and 106: 78 could rely. This in turn produce
Page 107 and 108: 80 community sometimes encounter re
Page 109 and 110: 82 rubber on adjacent land, as well
Page 111 and 112: 84 In other clans, including Ding a
Page 113 and 114: 86 Disputes over Mining Mana Clan c
Page 115 and 116: 88 7.0 DISPUTE RESOLUTION Dispute r
Page 117 and 118: 90 7.2.2 Chairladies In Dobli, Gban
Page 119 and 120: 92 7.3.4 Disputes between Clans/Dis
Page 121 and 122: 94 In some clans, the abundance of
Page 123 and 124: 96 8.2.2 Scale of Ownership Claims
Page 125 and 126: 98 If communities anticipate that t
Page 127 and 128: 100 The importance of documenting c
Page 129 and 130: 102 The current land tenure sys
Page 131 and 132: 104 10.0 POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS In
Page 133 and 134: 106 communities. Instead, we sugges
Page 135 and 136: 108 apply for fee simple tenure. Th
Page 137 and 138: 110 tenure unit. Instead, this role
Page 139: 112 Tribal Certificates and Deeds R
Page 143 and 144: 116 Wallace, Carolyn Gamiao and Rol
Page 145 and 146: 118 DATE TIME ACTIVITY March 23, 20
Page 147 and 148: 120 ANNEX 3: NORTHEAST TRANSECT, DO
Page 149 and 150: 122 ANNEX 5: TOWN MAP, SAYKLEKAN CL
Page 151 and 152: 124 ANNEX 7: HISTORICAL MATRIX, YLA
Page 153 and 154: 126 ANNEX 9: DOBLI DISPUTE LETTER C
Page 155 and 156: 128 ANNEX 11: TRIBAL CERTIFICATE FO
Page 157 and 158: 130 ANNEX 13: SEASONAL CALENDARS, M
Page 159 and 160: 132 ANNEX 14: COMMUNITY FOREST BY-L
Page 161 and 162: 134 CUSTOMARY LAND TENURE IN LIBERI
Page 163 and 164: 136 b. A family or individual shall
Page 165 and 166: 138 a. Standing Rules Tree
Page 167 and 168: 140 The amount of rattan collecte
Page 169 and 170: 142 o o o o o o o Antelope Hippo
Page 171 and 172: 144 Any community member or gro
Page 173: 146 U.S. Agency for International D
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