of the Verde Island Passage, Philippines - weADAPT

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Table 21. Vulnerability assessment of the fisheries based on the number of gear types (and their level of fishing effort) of the target species/taxa. Caught by Number of Level of Vulnerability Species/taxa gear type gear types fishing effort index Mabini, Batangas dulong (Spratelloides) dilis (Engraulis) alumahan (Rastrelliger) tambakol (Katsuwonus) galunggong (Decapterus) matambaka (Selar) lapu-lapu (groupers) maya-maya (Lutjanus) kanoping (Lethrinus) bisugo (nemipterids) tulingan (Auxis) pusit (Sepioteuthis, Loligo) Verde Island, Batangas City angelfish (Pomacanthus) butterflyfish (Chaetodontus) damselfish (Chromis) anthiinid (Anthias) lion fish (Pterois) lapu-lapu (groupers) manites (Upeneus) galunggong (Decapterus) alumahan (Rastrelliger) dalagang bukid (Caesio) mulmol (Scarus) labahita (Naso) pusit (Sepioteuthis, Loligo) Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro galunggong (Decapterus) tulingan (Auxis) alumahan (Rastrelliger) labahita (Naso) loro, mulmol (Scarus) Lubang, Occidental Mindoro galunggong (Decapterus) dilis (Stolephorus) pusit (Sepioteuthis, Loligo) pagulpol (Cypselurus) tangigue (Makaira) gulyasan (tuna) maya-maya (Lutjanus) lapu-lapu (groupers) labahita (Naso), rabbitfish angelfish (Pomacanthus) butterflyfish (Chaetodontus) damselfish (Chromis) anthiinid (Anthias) bangus fry (Chanos chanos) Looc, Occidental Mindoro dilis (Stolephorus) talakitok (Carangoides) pusit (Sepioteuthis, Loligo) matambaka (Selar) lapu-lapu (live groupers) maya-maya (Lutjanus) angelfish (Pomacanthus) butterflyfish (Chaetodontus) damselfish (Chromis) anthiinid (Anthias) bangus fry (Chanos chanos) basnig (bag net), lambat pandulong (gill net), scissor net lambat pante (gill net) lambat pante (gill net) hayhay (surface long line) hayhay (surface long line) lambat pante (gill net) kawil (hook and line), pana (spear) hayhay (surface long line) pamanos (squid jig) hand nets (barrier net) kawil (hook and line) hayhay (long line) lambat (gill net) pana (spear) pamanos (squid jig) lambat pante (gill net) kawil (hook and line) kawil (hook and line) pana (spear) basnig (bag net) kawil (hook and line) basnig (bag net), lambat (gill net) pante (gill net) lambat (gill net) lambat (gill net), kawil (hook and line) kawil (hook and line), bubo (trap), pana (spear), lambat (gill net) hand nets (w/ compressor) hand nets (w/ compressor) hand nets (w/ compressor) hand nets (w/ compressor) scoop nets basnig (bag net), lambat pandilis (anchovies), gill nets kawil (hook and line) kawil (hook and line), pana (spear) hand nets (w/ compressor) hand nets (w/ compressor) hand nets (w/ compressor) hand nets (w/ compressor) scoop nets 3 (high) 3 (high) 1 (low) 1 (low) 2 (medium) 2 (medium) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) medium medium medium medium medium medium medium to high medium to high medium to high medium to high medium medium high high high high high medium medium medium low to medium low to medium low to medium medium to high medium to high low to medium low to medium medium medium medium medium medium medium low to medium low to medium medium medium medium medium medium medium low to medium low to medium low to medium 1 (low) low to medium low to medium 2 (medium) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 1 (low) 2 (medium) 2 (medium) 1 (low) 1 (low) 2 (medium) 1 (low) 3 (high) 3 (high) 1 (low) 3 (high) 2 (medium) 1 (low) 1 (low) medium medium medium to high medium to high medium medium medium to high high medium medium medium medium medium no data low to medium low to medium low to medium low to medium medium low to medium low to medium low to medium low to medium low to medium medium medium to high medium low to medium low to medium medium medium high high low to medium low to medium low to medium low to medium low to medium medium 38
chapter 1 • vulnerability assessment of marine ecosystems and fisheries to climate change: vulnerability Table 22. Vulnerability assessment of the fisheries based on number of gear types per habitat type. Habitat type Caught by sand/ estuarine Vulnerability Species/taxa gear type reef beach mangrove seagrass creeks/rivers pelagic index Mabini, Batangas dulong (Spratelloides) dilis (Engraulis) alumahan (Rastrelliger) tambakol (Katsuwonus) galunggong (Decapterus) matambaka (Selar) lapu-lapu (groupers) maya-maya (Lutjanus) kanoping (Lethrinus) bisugo (nemipterids) tulingan (Auxis) pusit (Sepioteuthis, Loligo) No. of gears per habitat Level of fishing effort Verde Island, Batangas City angelfish (Pomacanthus) butterflyfish (Chaetodontus) damselfish (Chromis) anthiinid (Anthias) lion fish (Pterois) lapu-lapu (groupers) manites (Upeneus) galunggong (Decapterus) alumahan (Rastrelliger) dalagang bukid (Caesio) mulmol (Scarus) labahita (Naso) pusit (Sepioteuthis, Loligo) No. of gears per habitat Level of fishing effort basnig (bag net), lambat pandulong (gill net), scissor net lambat pante (gill net) lambat pante (gill net) hayhay (surface long line) hayhay (surface long line) lambat pante (gill net) kawil (hook and line), pana (spear) hayhay (surface long line) pamanos (squid jig) hand nets (barrier net) kawil (hook and line) hayhay (long line) lambat (gill net) pana (spear) pamanos (squid jig) 1 2 1 4 (high) medium to high 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 (high) medium 1 1 (low) low 1 1 (low) low 1 1 (low) low to medium 1 1 2 (medium) medium 4 1 5 (high) medium to high 1 1 2 (medium) medium medium to high medium Table 23. Matrix of prospective responses to climate change impacts highlighting the interacting effects between habitats and fisheries. Responses Climate estuaries/ change impact seagrass seaweeds reef fish mangroves creeks/rivers pelagic groupers increased sea surface temperature can be approached similar to corals/diversity of associated organisms; associated fishereies, e.g., siganids, and high value invertebrate fisheries, reduced catch in some finfish but may have a shift to detritivores and omnivores phenological characteristic disrupted; change in overall community structure; slower growth and lower diversity; low fecundity of species reproductive output, timing, survivorship of recruits; recruitment lag/ failure; shorter larval duration; abundance of coral dependent species will be reduced following coral bleaching events and decreased structural complexity decreased seedling production, survivorship and recruitment; lower recruitment regeneration; phenological characteristics disrupted; associated fisheries will be reduced for temperature dependent reproductive output see mangroves and associated fisheries especially in relation to ontogenetic habitats shifts and how adjacent habitats can be seen in exacerbated/synergistic negative effects, overfishing, and habitat fragmentation/loss shorter larval duration; decreases survivorship due to low food availability; alter reproductive periodicity and eventual recruitment survivorship leading changes in fisheries productivity shorter larval duration; enhanced recruitment variability; recruitment will be affected following decreased structural complexity via coral bleaching ; reproductive output and timing of reproduction will be affected, especially spawning aggregations sea level rise shallow species will be most sensitive to change and will be vulnerable; species found growing on the slopes can adjust to changing depth can be well adapted to changes in sea levels (community level/change in community structure) inundation of mangroves and associated species (fauna); reduce conditions for settlement availability as nursery grounds for other species; change in sedimentation dynamics; substrate erosion increase storm intensity and frequency • storm paths/ tracks • storm surge disrupt recruitment events of associated faunal species; decreases survivorship change in substrate composition leading to changes in algal community structure; burial and scouring topographic complexity/ habitat refuge (composition, biomass, density); this can lead to reduced fisheries productivity disrupt recruitment events of associated faunal species (e.g., groupers, snappers, jacks); decreases survivorship propagules dislodged prematurely; uprooting of mature trees along shoreline decreases survivorship of recently recruited associated faunal species (e.g., groupers, snappers, sprats, anchovies, bangus fry) affect recruitment due to loss of habitat availability for settlement (e.g., decresed structural complexity) rainfall • changes in salinity • increased sedimentation change in water quality will have changes in light requirements/availability only a few species are stenohalines species that can survive burial and mortality can lead to habitat modification and reduce diversity and abundance; this reduces fisheries production have salinity regulatory function change in sedimentation dynamics affect recruitment of associated faunal species; decreases their survivorship nutrient increases may lead to blooms ocean acidification will increase CO 2 ; may favor seagrass photosynthesis but may not happen if the system is already distressed 39
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Conservation International (CI) Mis
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