222 Index 55-6, 57, 152, 153; symbols, 24; veil (hijab) between people and, 35, 79-80, 82, 178, 179-81, 181-3; women and, 21-5, 26-36, 153; see also Abbasid caliphs; Fatimids; khutba Camel, Battle <strong>of</strong> the, 66 caste system, Hindu, 93, 94, 97 Christianity, 21, 44-9, 160-1, 172-3 coins, minting <strong>of</strong>: criterion <strong>of</strong> sovereignty, 71, 73, 86; instances, 73, 89-90, 92, 94, 101, 104 community <strong>of</strong> faithful see umma Companions <strong>of</strong> the Prophet, 66, 78-9, 180 conciseness, 78-9 concubines see jawari Constantinople, 58 Crusades, 14, 28, 29, 90, 91 da'i, da'wa (Shi'ite missionary/mission), 127, 129, 130-2, 134, 154-5, 164-5; women and, 149, 150, 154 Damietta, 29 Dawlat Khatun, 104-5 Declaration <strong>of</strong> Human Rights, Universal, 177, 185 Delhi, 13-14, 30; see also Iltutmish; Radiyya democracy, 4, 118, 122-3, 179-89; incompatibility with <strong>Islam</strong>ic tradition, 34, 35, 36, 64, 179-89; Prophet's attitude to, 74-8, 80, 122, 150, 183 despotism, 10-11, 80, 98, 181 al-Dhahir, Fatimid caliph, 160 disorder (fitna), 66, 176, 177, 185 Dokuz Khatun, 21 Druzes, 125, 163, 174 education <strong>of</strong> women, 46-7, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 66, 177 Egypt: Mamluk dynasty, 14, 29, 90, 91, 99, 105-6; see also Fatimids; Shajarat al-Durr; Sitt al-Mulk elections see democracy; suffrage elite, 15-16, 34, 56, 79, 182-3, 184-5 eloquence, 78-9 equality: class 56, 93, 122; Prophet and, 56, 122, 183; between sexes, 13, 23; slave/master, 56, 60 espionage, 171-2 Ethiopia, 136, 137, 145 falaqa, 187-8 Farid al-Atrash, 174 <strong>Fatima</strong> (daughter <strong>of</strong> Prophet), 125-6, 149, 151, 153 <strong>Fatima</strong>, sultana <strong>of</strong> Maldives, 108 <strong>Fatima</strong>, Sharif a <strong>of</strong> Yemen, 20 <strong>Fatima</strong> Begum, sultana <strong>of</strong> Qasim, 106 Fatimids: and Abbasids, 22, 124, 129-30, 135; Byzantine wars, 162; descent from Prophet, 126, 128; Egyptian state, 22, 127, 128-30; North African state, 22, 125, 127-8, 128-9; Shi'ism, 22, 120, 124, 125, 126-7, 128, 129-30; and Yemen, 130, 132, 134, 149-51, 154, 155; see also Sitt al-Mulk fatwa (legal response), 72, 110 figh (jurisprudence), 20, 33, 54, 59, 66 fitna, see disorder foreigners, 22, 27, 56; see also slaves freedom, (hurriya), 14-15 Gaykhatu, Ilkhan, 101 Genghis Khan, 21, 24 Ghaliyya al-Wahhabiyya, 20 Ghatrif, 53 Ghazan Khan, Ilkhan, 21, 24, 104 Ghaznah, 93
Ghurabiyya, 153 Golden Horde, 103, 106 governors, excesses <strong>of</strong>, 119, 120 Granada, fall <strong>of</strong>, 16, 17 Hababa, 37, 39-40 al-Hadi, Musa, caliph, 37, 51, 57, 61-2, 63-4, 65 hajib (court <strong>of</strong>ficial), 79-80, 181-2 al-Hajjaj Ibn Yusuf, 35-6 Hajjaj (son <strong>of</strong> Turkan Khatun), 100 hakam (arbiter), Prophet as, 75, 80 al-Hakam al-Mustansir, caliph <strong>of</strong> Cordova, 44-9 al-Hakim Ibn 'Amri Allah, Fatimid caliph, 19-20, 129, 158, 161-75; disappearance, 163-4, 165-6, 167-8, 175 Hamdan tribe, 119 Hamza Ibn 'Ali, 173-4 al-Hanbali, Abi al-Falah 'Abd al- Hayy Ibn al-'Imad, 41, 106, 169 harem, territory <strong>of</strong>, 50, 51, 61-7 Harun al-Rashid, caliph: conquests, 58; and jawari, 55, 58; and Khayzuran, 37, 51-2; and khutba, 78, 182; spies 172; and succession to father, 57, 60-1 Harun Ibn Rahim, 130 Hasan, Dr 'Ali Ibrahim, 43-4 Hasan Ibn 'Ali Ibn Abi Tayib, 126 Hasan Ibn al-Sabbah, 150, 151, 156-7 Hayworth, Rita, 125 hazim (capable), 144-5 Hejira, 133 hijab, see veil Hinduism, 60, 93, 94, 97 Hisham Ibn 'Abd al-Malik, 55-6 Hisham Ibn al-Hakam, 47, 48-9 historiography: on caliphs 161; on jawari, 42-3, 44, 50; objectivity on women, 42-4, 48-9, 50; on Index 223 queen <strong>of</strong> Sheba, 142-4; on Yemeni queens, 116-18 hizb (political party), 121, 123 Hulagu, 21, 24, 29, 99, 104, 207 hurr, hurriya (free, freedom), 14-15, 16, 19, 140 al-Hurra Alam, al-Malika, 140 Husayn Ibn 'Ali Ibn Abi Tayib, 126 Hyderabad, India, 125 Ibn 'Abd Rabbih, 56 Ibn al-Athir, 'Izz al-Din, 38-9, 65, 128, 129, 134, 166, 170 Ibn 'Amir, al-Mansor, 47-9 Ibn 'Asakir, Abu al-Qasim 'Ali Ibn al-Hasan, 83 Ibn Batalan, 59-60 Ibn Battuta: on Cairo, 167-8; on Iltutmish, 93-4; on Mongol and Turkish women, 21, 102-4; on Radiyya, 13-14, 96, 97; on sultanas <strong>of</strong> Maldives, 107-9; on women <strong>of</strong> Shiraz, 82 Ibn Daws, 175-6 Ibn Hawshab, Ibn al-Fadl, 129, 130 Ibn Hazm, 'Ali, 23-4, 43, 45, 52, 57, 83 Ibn Imad, 131 Ibn al-Jawzi, 81-2 Ibn Khaldun, 'Abd al-Rahman, 10-11, 12, 32, 33, 181 Ibn Khallikan, 131, 161, 168, 209 Ibn Manzur, 4, 15, 122-4, 130, 144, 211-12 Ibn al-Muhallab, 24 Ibn al-Mundhir, 143 Ibn al-Nadim, 130-1 Ibn Rushd, 33 Ibn Sa'd, 75 Ibrahim Ibn al-Mahdi, 55 Ikhtiyar al-Din Altuniyya, 97 Ilkhans, 100-2, 104; see also individual rulers illegitimacy, 152
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The Forgotten Queens of Islam
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The Forgotten Queens of Islam FATIM
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Contents Introduction: Was Benazir
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Introduction Was Benazir Bhutto the
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Was Benazir Bhutto the First? 3 one
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Was Benazir Bhutto the First? 5 upo
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PART Queens and Courtesans I
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1 How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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How Does One Say 'Queen' in Islam?
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The Caliph and the Queen 27 spiritu
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The Caliph and the Queen 29 the non
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The Caliph and the Queen 31 that ge
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The Caliph and the Queen 35 positio
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3 The jawari or Revolution in the H
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PART Sovereignty in Islam II
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Fifteen Queens 89 woman, beginning
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The Lady of Cairo 161 and Jews - ha
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The Lady of Cairo 163 Mulk with his
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The Lady of Cairo 165 astrological
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The Lady of Cairo 167 of the idea i
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The Lady of Cairo 169 and forbade t
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